Abstract: A method performed by an electronic device includes: obtaining a natural language query for querying first data, the first data including entities and items, each entity including pieces of item information of the respective items; generating an additional item based on at least one item included in the first data, based on a header of the first data, and based on the natural language query, the header including indications of the items; generating, from the first data, second data including item information of the generated additional item; and outputting an answer to the natural language query by applying a question answering model to the second data and the natural language query.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of treating a subject having decreased bone mineral density or at risk of developing decreased bone mineral density, and methods of identifying subjects having an increased risk of developing decreased bone mineral density.

Abstract: Methods and systems for treatment prioritization using a neural network model are provided. Training the model includes generating an enriched genetic knowledge graph with edges characterizing relationships between genetic variants, genes, diseases, treatments and symptoms, embedding the graph vertices in genetic knowledge vectors, receiving training patient feature value sets, generating a training dataset of training patient vectors labelled with target values comprising treatment efficacity by scaling the genetic knowledge vectors by the patient feature value sets, and training the model to process an input patient vector and generate a predicted efficacity of the at least one treatment option.

Abstract: An optimization-based decoder with improved performance and cyclic redundancy check is provided. An optimization problem is generated and solved. The optimization problem includes a function implementing constraints on variables. Main variables correspond to nodes of the encoding graph, including input variables corresponding to output nodes and output variables corresponding to input nodes. Ancillary variables correspond to an additional output a logical operations in the encoding graph. Constraints are configured to generate cost penalties, for instance when the main and ancillary variables of a candidate solution disagree with conditions of the encoding graph, and to correspond with the cross-entropy between each codeword symbol and the corresponding input variable. A candidate solution is obtained by solving the optimization problem, wherein the output variables in the candidate solution correspond to decoded symbols.

Abstract: Methods and systems for phenotyping based on a neural network model are provided. Training the model includes generating a dataset of individual-specific variant graphs associated representing dependencies among variants in individuals' genomes based on biomedical domain knowledge labelled according to target phenotype values to be predicted, and training the model using the training dataset to generate a phenotype prediction from an input individual-specific variant graph. Measure the contribution of a genetic variant to a phenotype of a target individual includes generating an individual-specific variant graph for the individual, modifying the individual-specific variant graph to remove a genetic variant, providing the initial and the modified individual-specific variant graphs as input to the phenotyping neural network model to generate two phenotype predictions, and calculating a difference between the two predictions, providing a measure of the contribution of the genetic variant to the phenotype.

Abstract: Process for producing hydrogen gas from water is disclosed. The hydrogen gas is produced by exposing a reactive metal to an aqueous solution, where the aqueous solution is under supercritical conditions or is at a temperature of at least 200° C. and at a pressure of at least the saturated vapor pressure of water at said temperature. The reactive metals include Al, B, Mg, Si, Ti, Mn, and Zn. Heat and metal oxides and/or metal hydroxides may also be recovered from the process. The process may be used to produce hydrogen on demand in applications for producing clean energy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions having antimicrobial activity against Streptomyces scabies. Further provided herein are methods of making and using the antimicrobial compositions to protect and treat potatoes from Streptomyces scabies infections.

Abstract: A method for overlaying an image on a physical object is described. The method includes: instantiating a common coordinate system that unifies a first coordinate system and a second coordinate system; dynamically recognizing the physical object in the common coordinate system using at least one sensor; aligning an image map with a model map of the dynamically recognized physical object in the common coordinate system; and displaying the image in a physical space overlaid on the physical object using a display of an extended reality (XR) device. A corresponding system and a computer-readable medium are also described.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of treating a subject having decreased bone mineral density or at risk of developing decreased bone mineral density, and methods of identifying subjects having an increased risk of developing decreased bone mineral density.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treatment of peroxisomal biogenesis disorders (PBDs). More particularly, recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV) provided in the form of compositions are used to deliver a nucleic acid encoding human PEX1 to host cells. The rAAVs comprise a AAV capsid, and packaged therein a vector genome comprising an AAV 5? inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequence; a promoter; a coding sequence encoding a human PEX1; and an AAV 3? ITR.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of treating or preventing a biofilm-related infection and methods of preventing and treating biofilm formation on indwelling medical devices, implants, and non-medical surfaces comprising administering at least one soluble microbial protein that is encoded by an exopolysaccharide biosynthetic operon or functional gene cluster, wherein the protein comprises a glycosyl hydrolase domain. The present disclosure further provides particular soluble glycosyl hydrolases and compositions thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of early-stage detection of glaucoma and other optic nerve or retinal diseases employs dynamic images that are processed differently by Y-like cells and X-like cells to provide a sensitive detection of early Y-like cell impairment which provides early indications of glaucoma isolated from non-specific information from X-like cells.

Abstract: A neurofeedback method, including: recording electrical signals from at least one brain region of a subject, wherein changes in the recorded electrical signals over time indicate changes in an activity level of the at least one brain region; providing an audio signal having a perceived quality based on the recorded electrical signals and according to an activity level of the at least one brain region; delivering the audio signal to the subject during said recording.

Abstract: Systems and methods of communicating using asymmetric polar codes are provided which overcome the codeword length constraints of systems and methods of communicating that use traditional polar codes. Used herein, asymmetric polar codes refers to a polarizing linear block code of any arbitrary length that is constructed by connecting together constituent polar codes of unequal length. Asymmetric polar codes may be known by other names. In comparison to conventional solutions for variable codeword length, asymmetric polar codes may provide more flexibility, improved performance, and/or reduced complexity of decoding, encoding, or code design. The system and method provide a flexible, universal, and well-defined coding scheme and to provide sound bit-error correction performance and low decoding latency (compared with current length-compatible methods which can be used with current hardware designs).

Abstract: GaN-based nanowire heterostructures have been intensively studied for applications in light emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, solar cells and solar fuel devices. Surface charge properties play a dominant role on the device performance and have been addressed within the prior art by use of a relatively thick large bandgap AlGaN shell covering the surfaces of axial InGaN nanowire LED heterostructures has been explored and shown substantial promise in reducing surface recombination leading to improved carrier injection efficiency and output power. However, these lead to increased complexity in device design, growth and fabrication processes thereby reducing yield/performance and increasing costs for devices. Accordingly, there are taught self-organising InGaN/AlGaN core-shell quaternary nanowire heterostructures wherein the In-rich core and Al-rich shell spontaneously form during the growth process.

Abstract: Solid state sources offers potential advantages including high brightness, electricity savings, long lifetime, and higher color rendering capability, when compared to incandescent and fluorescent light sources. To date however, many of these advantages, however, have not been borne out in providing white LED lamps for general lighting applications. The inventors have established that surface recombination through non-radiative processes results in highly inefficient electrical injection. Exploiting in-situ grown shells in combination with dot-in-a-wire LED structures to overcome this limitation through the effective lateral confinement offered by the shell the inventors have demonstrated core-shell dot-in-a-wire LEDs, with significantly improved electrical injection efficiency and output power, providing phosphor-free InGaN/GaN nanowire white LEDs operating with milliwatt output power and color rendering indices of 95-98.

Abstract: InGaN offers a route to high efficiency overall water splitting under one-step photo-excitation. Further, the chemical stability of metal-nitrides supports their use as an alternative photocatalyst. However, the efficiency of overall water splitting using InGaN and other visible light responsive photocatalysts has remained extremely low despite prior art work addressing optical absorption through band gap engineering. Within this prior art the detrimental effects of unbalanced charge carrier extraction/collection on the efficiency of the four electron-hole water splitting reaction have remained largely unaddressed. To address this growth processes are presented that allow for controlled adjustment and establishment of the appropriate Fermi level and/or band bending in order to allow the photochemical water splitting to proceed at high rate and high efficiency. Beneficially, establishing such material surface charge properties also reduces photo-corrosion and instability under harsh photocatalysis conditions.

Abstract: A technique for separating components of a microfluid, comprises a self-intersecting micro or nano-fluidic channel defining a cyclic path for circulating the fluid over a receiving surface of a fluid component separating member; and equipment for applying coordinated pressure to the channel at a plurality of pressure control areas along the cyclic path to circulate the fluid over the receiving surface, applying a pressure to encourage a desired transmission through the separating member, and a circulating pressure to remove surface obstructions on the separating member. The equipment preferably defines a peristaltic pump. Turbulent microfluidic flow appears to be produced.

Abstract: Systems and methods of communicating using asymmetric polar codes are provided which overcome the codeword length constraints of systems and methods of communicating that use traditional polar codes. Used herein, asymmetric polar codes refers to a polarizing linear block code of any arbitrary length that is constructed by connecting together constituent polar codes of unequal length. Asymmetric polar codes may be known by other names. In comparison to conventional solutions for variable codeword length, asymmetric polar codes may provide more flexibility, improved performance, and/or reduced complexity of decoding, encoding, or code design. The system and method provide a flexible, universal, and well-defined coding scheme and to provide sound bit-error correction performance and low decoding latency (compared with current length-compatible methods which can be used with current hardware designs).

Abstract: Aberrant cross talk between Notch ligand (e.g. Jag1) and Notch receptor (e.g. Notch1) has been implicated in tumorigenesis in the colon. Inhibition of Notch pathway is therefore an attractive approach for treating diseases with upregulated Jag1 e.g. colorectal cancer (CRC). Pan-notch inhibitors like gamma secretase inhibitors (GSIs) have been developed to inhibit Notch and its downstream events. However, severe gastrointestinal toxicity profiles impede the clinical development of GSIs. The present invention develops novel oligopeptides that specifically inhibit Jag1-Notch1 pathway without interfering DLL1-Notch1 or DLL4-Notch1, which demonstrates a clear advantage over pan-notch inhibitors.