Abstract: A method for imparting flame retardance to an epoxy resin comprises reacting an epoxy resin with a phosphorus-containing dihydric phenol or naphthol derived from the reaction of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (i.e., DOPO) with a benzoquinone or naphthoquinone.

Abstract: A grip gear-shifter for being used in actuating a derailleur of a bicycle is provided. The grip gear-shifter includes a return spring, a resilient steel plate having a polyhedron-formed controlling pawl, a guiding ring having a guiding notch for guiding a cable, a first module for lodging and positioning said controlling pawl when the bicycle are in the state of shifting gears, and a second module having a projection and a positioning unit for operating in coordination with the return spring and the resilient steel plate, thereby forming a relative motion of the resilient steel plate and the first module to correctly shift gears when the bicycle are in the state of shifting gears.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technology for increasing the spectral width of semiconductor optical amplifiers, employing different separate confinement heterostructures (SCH's) so as to form non-identical multiple quantum wells such that the semiconductor photo-electronic devices have better temperature characteristics and more reliable modulation characteristics. If such a technology is used in the fabrication of semiconductor laser with a tunable wavelength, it is possible to achieve a large range of modulated wavelength, which is very useful in optical communication.

Abstract: An equipment management method for managing the semiconductor equipment through an equipment manager that includes a configuration controller, an equipment driver, and a generic equipment interface for communication between the configuration controller and the equipment driver is disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing a production scenario to be written into the production scenario database of the configuration controller, transmitting the production scenario into the equipment behavior database of the equipment driver via the generic equipment interface messages, and transforming the production scenario into equipment rules and SECS II messages via transformation rules set in the database of the equipment driver so as to send these SECS II messages to the equipment for management purposes.

Abstract: A method for preparing carbon molecular sieve membrane is invented. A thin carbon-containing film is first deposited on a porous substrate. The thin film is then bombarded by high energy ions for surface modification. The surface modified film is then baked or calcined at a high temperature. The carbon molecular sieve membrane prepared according to the present invention can be used for gas separation as well as liquid separation, ions or solvents, etc., exhibiting improved permeance and improved selectivity simultaneously in gas separation. The ion bombardment includes generating plasma and ions in a gas phase, and applying a negative bias voltage to the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for measuring both magnetic and electric fields of a DUT via an electro-optic probing technique at the same time. Also, the present invention provides a method for measuring both electric and magnetic fields via a magneto-optic probing technique simultaneously. The method utilizes the modulation of the position of a probe to measure the electric and magnetic field signals. The DC and AC components of the modulated electric (or magnetic) field signals can be obtained by means of a low pass filter and a lock-in amplifier, respectively. Through a simple calculation, the electric and magnetic field can be obtained simultaneously.

Abstract: A method for generating a Drosophila clipped FRT (cFRT) chromosome is provided, wherein the chromosome is insensitive to a P transposase but remains functional to a yeast site-specific flippase recombinase (FLP). The method includes steps of: (a) exposing a FRT chromosome to the P transposase for occurring a local and imprecise transposition, wherein the FRT chromosome contains a P[FRT] insertion with a selection marker gene, (b) screening the P[FRT] insertion insensitive to the P transposase to obtain screened products, (c) selecting candidate products from the screened products by further examinations, and (d) exposing the candidate products by the P transposase and selecting a desired product by the further examinations to obtain the Drosophila clipped FRT (cFRT) chromosome insensitive to the P transposase but remaining functional to the yeast site-specific flippase recombinase. The cFRT2L2R chromosome can be used as the direct target in the direct P-transposon-induced mutagenesis.

Abstract: An optical spectral coding scheme for fiber-optic code-division multiple-access (FO-CDMA) networks. The spectral coding is based on the pseudo-orthogonality of FO-CDMA codes properly written in the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) devices. For an incoming broadband optical signal, the designed Bragg wavelengths of the FBG will be reflected and spectrally coded with the written FO-CDMA address codes. Maximal-length sequence codes (M-sequence codes) are chosen as the signature or address codes to exemplify the coding and correlation processes in the FO-CDMA system. By assigning the N cyclic shifts of an M-sequence code vector to N users, the invention achieves an FO-CDMA network that can support N simultaneous users. The FO-CDMA encoding/decoding devices consist of a series of FBGs. To overcome the impact of multiple-access interference (MAI) on the performance of the FO-CDMA system, the FBG decoder is configured on the basis of orthogonal correlation functions of the nearly orthogonal M-sequence codes.

Abstract: A hardener for an epoxy resin comprises a phenolic, thiophenolic, aminophenyl, tris-phenolic, tris-thiophenolic, tris-aminophenyl, tetrakis-phenolic, tetrakis-thiophenolic, or tetrakis-aminophenyl compounds; or phenol-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde/melamine-formaldehyde resins wherein the phenyl rings are substituted with at least one of the structures wherein R1 and R2 independently are H, C1-C18 alkyl, C6-C18 aryl, C6-C18 substituted aryl, C6-C18 aryl methylene, or C6-C18 substituted aryl methylene; X is O, S or NH and Ar is wherein R is C1-C4 alkyl and n=0-5.

Abstract: A method using CC and MLO views localized in a display in 3-D as a breast virtual model, incorporating, feature capturing using gradient, energy and entropy codes, calibration classification according to features using binary decision trees, nipple detection, and 3-D spatial coordinate transformation and display of breast clustered microcalcifications.

Abstract: A light emitting element driver composed of two transistors, one ground resistor, one inductance and a single capacitor is arranged to drive an LED with a supplied voltage as low as about 0.92 V. The transistors include an NPN transistor and a PNP transistor, the base of the PNP transistor being connected to the ground resistor and the base of the NPN transistor being connected to the collector of the PNP transistor, with the capacitor being connected between the base of the PNP transistor and the node connecting the collector of the NPN transistor to the inductance and to the LED.

Abstract: A precursor composition of TiO2 doped with erbium (Er) and yttrium (Y) for forming a film used in a planar optical waveguide amplifier. The precursor composition includes 100 mol % TiO2 precursor compound, about 0.1-10 mol % erbium ion (Er3+) precursor compound, and about 1-50 mol % yttrium ion (Y3+) precursor compound, thereby forming a doped TiO2 film co-doped with erbium and yttrium an amorphous structure to achieve the enhancing effect on photoluminescence properties.

Abstract: To reduce the effect of the phase shift error originated from the mismatch of the delay units of the clock generator, we propose to add one more set of averaging amplifiers and averaging impedances, such as resistors, into the circuit of the clock generator. In the clock generator, outputs of all delay units connect to inputs of all averaging amplifiers respectively, and the averaging impedances connect the corresponding outputs of two adjacent averaging amplifiers, so as to form a closed loop. When a phase shift error occurs in the delay units, the averaging current through the averaging impedances will decrease the phase shift error in each stage. Specifically, the output impedance of the averaging amplifiers approaches infinite, and thus the resistance of the averaging impedances is relatively small. Therefore almost all signal currents will go through the averaging impedances, and an optimal averaging effect is achieved.

Abstract: Pipelining is a well-known efficient technique for optimally designing high performance digital circuits. However, conventional pipelining techniques are difficult to pipeline the execution of a loop with variant iteration execution lengths in a circuit. The invention presents a new pipeline design approach, called dynamic pipelining, to design and pipeline this kind of loop in a circuit efficiently. Instead of assuming a fixed latency (or data initiation interval), the approach pipelines the loop using run-time determined latencies to achieve a high performance. The general controller architecture of it is also introduced. It consists of two interactive finite state machines to allow the pipeline datapath to execute at variant latencies. Experimental results show that the approach can obtain about 2 times speedup with acceptable area overhead.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is claimed for measuring the distance between a slider and a transparent disk with sub-nanometer resolution. The flying height is measured by applying ellipsometry. The measurement is done by: providing a sampling light beam with adjustable initial polarization state by phase modulation, and with variable incident angles relative to the air film and reflecting the sampling light off of the specimen at a detection site forming a reflected light beam that is then reflected at the detection site again and then guided to both detectors for detecting the intensity and phase change of the light beam to determine the gap's thickness as well as passing some light to a microscope used for observation of the detecting site on the specimen.

Abstract: An architecture for performing the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform includes a transform module including a first stage and a second stage for decomposing an input image into four bands, and among the four bands, the band having the low frequency in both horizontal and vertical direction serves as the input image for next level decomposition operation; a multiplexer for selecting the band having the low frequency in both horizontal and vertical direction as the input image to feed into the transform module; and an optional memory module for storing the band having the lowest frequency in both horizontal and vertical direction.

Abstract: A novel biomedical material, which is characterized by coating a genetically engineered CBD-RGD peptide layer on the surface of a biomedical material consisting of PU to improve the attachment of tissue cells, such as fibroblasts, epithelial cells and endothelial cells. A modified artificial vessel is also disclosed, wherein the adherence of endothelial cells is enhanced by coating a genetically engineered CBD-RGD containing peptide layer on the inner surface of the artificial vessels pre-modified by cross-linked gelatin, and the adhering capacity and activation of platelets is reduced.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for syntheses of new electroluminescent conjugated polymers modified with high electronegative heterocyclic groups (such as 1,3,4-oxadiazole-diyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazole-diyl, and 1,2,4-triazole-diyl). These electroluminescent polymers (homopolymers, statistical copolymers or block coplymers) are obtained by polymerization of bis(halomethyl) arenes modified with heterocyclic groups via the Wessling precursor route, Gilch side chain route, Wittig reaction or Wittig-Hornor reaction. By a proper selection of the monomers and their ratios in the polymerization, the emissive polymers (fully conjugated or limited conjugating length) covering the full visible range even extending to the near-IR range can be prepared. The polymeric light emitting diodes (PLED) with these materials as emissive layer or electron transport layer have high external quantum efficiency and can be used as indicators and displays for cellular phones, pagers, portable computer, wristwatch, toys, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for three-dimensional image reconstruction of basal ganglion. A novel geometrical algorithm has been developed to calculate the correction coordinates of the target based on the reference axial shift in the CT scan coordinate system. Furthermore, wavelet transform along with interpolation techniques are used to obtain continuous sectional images and three-dimensional image reconstruction is then performed to form the stereotactic atlas of basal ganglion. Therefore, the stereotactic atlas of basal ganglion established in this invention can be used as references for assisting operation and training for neurosurgeons.

Abstract: The cavity of the invention has a pumping source, a ring cavity, a planar convex lens, an optical gain medium, and/or a nonlinear medium. The laser cavity is formed by two mirrors with the same curvature. The curving surfaces of the two mirrors are coupled by a manner of face to face, whereby a space is defined as the ring cavity. The planar-convex lens is located between the pump beam and the ring cavity to work together with the two mirrors of the ring cavity to focus the pump beam. The pumping light enters the ring cavity at a desired distance of d mm from the mirror axis. The laser light also enters the ring cavity in a propagating direction nearly parallel to the mirror axis. Due to the two curving surfaces of the two mirrors, the light beam is reflected back and forth to form the 3-D figure-“8” light path. The optical gain medium and the nonlinear medium are located between the two mirrors on the light path.