Abstract: The present invention includes an electrode having a filament with the end of each lead wire connected to each end of the filament, a cylindrical glass tube in which the electrode is provided, and a thermal fuse which is electrically connected to the lead wires in series, and is provided near the electrode on an outer peripheral surface of the glass tube, wherein, when a position on the outer peripheral surface of the glass tube which extends in a radial direction of the glass tube from a connecting portion of the filament and the lead wire, serve as a reference position, in case where the diameter of the glass tube is 8 mm or more, the thermal fuse is arranged at a distance of 1.5 mm or less from the reference position in the longitudinal direction of the glass tube.

Abstract: An offset canceling circuit includes a differential amplifier circuit configured to output a first output signal in response to a differential input signal; a latch circuit configured to hold a second output signal determined based on the first output signal; and an offset control circuit configured to supply a reference voltage to the differential amplifier circuit to adjust an offset of the differential amplifier circuit. The second output signal is a binary signal, and the latch circuit changes a signal level of the second output signal based on the first output signal. The offset control circuit acquires the second output signal from the latch circuit for every predetermined time and updates a voltage value of the reference voltage based on the signal levels of two of the second output signals which are acquired continuously in time series.

Abstract: A reflective LCD device includes a reflective film having a convex and concave pattern, wherein the convex and concave pattern includes a plurality of pattern groups having a common pattern and each including a plurality of (N) figure elements. Each figure element is obtained by randomizing a corresponding figure element in a standard pattern including a plurality of standard figure elements. In the randomization, the discrete angle of bright spots generated by diffraction of the reflected incident light assumes 0.01 degrees or smaller. The discrete angle ? of the bright spots is defined by: ?=(?A/Ls×N)·(180/?) where ?A and Ls are average wavelength of the incident light and pitch of the standard pattern, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a circuit for driving a color liquid crystal display in a normal driving mode and a power saving mode, wherein in the normal driving mode, voltages corresponding to image display data are applied to data electrodes of the color liquid crystal display, and wherein in the power saving mode, voltages corresponding to highly significant bit signals of the image display data are applied as display data signals to the data electrodes.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a metal layer, an alloy layer and a Sn—Ag—Cu-based solder ball. The metal layer is configured to be formed on the substrate. The alloy layer is configured to be formed on the metal layer. The Sn—Ag—Cu-based solder ball is configured to be placed on the alloy layer. The alloy layer includes Ni and Zn as essential elements.

Abstract: The object is to provide a highly reliable, high-performance, and low-price tunable light source and the like. The present invention comprises: a multiple resonator that oscillates with a wavelength where frequencies of three or more resonant elements with shifted cycles intersect; and a tunable device for controlling the resonant wavelength of the multiple resonator by simultaneously changing the respective optical path lengths of the plurality of resonant elements constituting the multiple resonator.

Abstract: In a second system that generates a clock signal that is synchronized with a first system, a control voltage value that controls the second oscillator such that the second system is synchronized with the first system is monitored according to the phase difference between a reference signal that is generated using the output of a first oscillator in the first system and the output of a second oscillator, whereby frequency fluctuation that occurs due to age deterioration of the first oscillator is detected.

Abstract: Disclosed is a low noise, non-isolated DC-DC converter for providing a non-inverted (i.e., the same polarity as an input voltage) output voltage of any desired voltage by stepping-up/down the input voltage. It comprises an input coil L1, an input capacitor C1 and a second intermediate coil Lm2 connected in series between both ends of the input voltage source, an output coil L2, an output capacitor C2 and a first intermediate coil Lm1 connected in series between both ends of a load Ro, a switching device S connected between a node a of the L1 and the C1 and a node b of the C2 and the Lm1, and a diode D connected between a node d of the C1 and the Lm2 and a node c of the C2 and the L2.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprising a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, (a) wherein a field effect transistor is comprised of the first semiconductor region comprising at least one semiconductor layer(s) protruding upward from a substrate, a gate electrode(s) formed via an insulating film such that the gate electrode(s) strides over the semiconductor layer(s) and source/drain regions provided in the semiconductor layer(s) on both sides of the gate electrode(s), whereby a channel region is formed in at least both sides of the semiconductor layer(s), (b) wherein the second semiconductor region comprises semiconductor layers protruding upward from the substrate and placed, at least opposing the first semiconductor region at both ends in the direction perpendicular to a channel current direction and the side surface of the semiconductor layers facing the first semiconductor region is parallel to the channel current direction.

Abstract: A flat secondary battery having a fusion-bonded sealing type laminate film as an armored body tends to be inferior in sealing reliability to a flat secondary battery having a welded sealing type can as an armored body, due to a difference in sealing method between the two batteries. Therefore, there has been a large challenge of finding the way to make the sealing reliability of the laminate film secondary battery closer to that of the can type secondary battery. The sealing reliability is improved by further increasing a sealing force without taking any measure to the existing laminate film secondary battery, in such a manner that the fusion bonding area of the existing laminate film secondary battery is sandwiched from upside and downside to be cramped from outside so as to mechanically add a sealing force from outside to the sealing force of the laminate film itself.

Abstract: An adhesion layer containing a second solid polymer electrolyte is disposed between a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and a fuel electrode and/or an oxidant electrode containing a first solid polymer electrolyte and a catalyst substance. The solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the adhesion layer are made of the same solid polymer electrolyte. In this manner, the adhesion at the interface between the electrode surface and the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is enhanced to implement the elevation of the cell characteristics and the elevation of the reliability of the cell.

Abstract: In a method for distributing keys for encrypted data transmission in a sensor network, nodes store a subset of keys from a set of keys. A sink node triggers the key election procedure and sensor nodes choose from a locally broadcasted keyID list, with one key to be stored on each node. All other initially stored keys are subsequently deleted. The process is repeated until the edge of the network is reached. Such key predistribution is suitable for the encryption of reverse multicast traffic to the sink node which is the predominant traffic pattern in wireless sensor networks.

Abstract: A screw attachment (10, 10?, 10?) disposed around a fastening piece (17) secured to a main fastening body (25a), the screw attachment sandwiched between a head (17b) of the fastening piece and a securing object (22) so that the screw attachment bears a securing force of the fastening piece to press the securing object. The screw attachment includes a pair of arms (12, 13) made of a shape restoring material. Each arm has a fore end, and the fore ends are joined to each other with an adhesive material that is softened when heated. The arms expands radially such that the screw attachment is released from the head of the fastening piece when heat or force is applied to the arms.

Abstract: Inspection wire is formed along at least a portion of the outer periphery of, and preferably along the entire perimeter of, a chip area enclosed by scribe areas, using an arbitrary wiring layer, conductive material, or diffusion layer of the semiconductor chip, and the opposite ends of the inspection wire are connected, via a wiring layer and contact plugs, to pads on the semiconductor chip, either directly or via prescribed switching means. By measuring the resistance of the inspection wire before and after dicing using the pads, chips and cracks occurring during dicing of the semiconductor chip, as well as chipping which progresses in subsequent packaging and assembly processes, or due to the application of stress, shocks, thermal cycles or similar after incorporation into products, can be detected.

Abstract: An OLT (Optical Line Terminal) having a multicast control unit, which controls connections dedicated for the multicast services, and a plurality of PON (Passive Optical Network) interfaces for accommodating subscriber terminals and each PON interface is provided with a unicast dedicated port for the unicast communication. When the multicast data packets are received at the multicast control unit, it identifies every PON interfaces as distribution destinations of those packets with referring to a pre-defined table and distributes first copied packets to respective identified PON interfaces. In each PON interface, it identifies every subscriber terminals as transmission destinations of the distributed multicast data packets with referring to another pre-defined table, and the second copied multicast data packets are multiplexed with the unicast data packets and transmitted to the subscriber terminals.

Abstract: In a network monitor system having a plurality of line cards, each of the line cards monitors a communication data amount in consideration of a group or a finer group with conditions other than an IP address added thereto. Each of the line cards controls the communication data amount by the use of a line interface section 11, a header extraction section 12, a flow identification section 13, and a counter section 16.

Abstract: To improve a depletion transistor provided between a control terminal of an output transistor and an output terminal coupled to a load not to enter a conductive state when the output transistor is in the conductive state. The output transistor is served as a source follower. Control voltages which controlling the conductive state/nonconductive state of the depletion transistor are supplied to both a control terminal (gate) and a substrate terminal (back gate) of the depletion transistor.

Abstract: In a multicast delivery system, A delivery server enciphers delivery data by using a current use cipher key to generate enciphered data and transmits a multicast packet containing the enciphered data and a current use key identifier indicative of a pair of the current use cipher key and a current use decipher key as current use keys. A key management server holds as a current use key data, a set of the current use decipher key and the current use key identifier, and transmits a set of the current use decipher key and the current use key identifier as a current use decipherment key data in response to a current use key data request.

Abstract: A portable information terminal having high adaptability and high convenience with respect to operating environment, and by which comfortable and high-quality sounds can be reproduced is provided. A sound reproducing system in a portable information terminal 1, wherein the portable information terminal is provided with at least two acoustic loudspeakers 2a and 2b; and the at least two acoustic loudspeakers are driven simultaneously to compensate their reproduced sounds with each other.

Abstract: Multiplex switching is disclosed for readily multiplexing and switching packet data without causing a delay. Bit widths of packets supplied from a plurality of input channels are unified to a previously set bit width. The packets unified in bit width are synchronized among the plurality of input channels. The synchronized packets are spread by multiplying them by orthogonal codes based on the input channels. The spread packets are multiplexed, and multiplexed packets are multiplied respectively by orthogonal codes for switching according to the input channels on which the packets delivered to output channels have been supplied, to reconstruct the packets supplied from the input channels. The packets are then delivered to the output channels.