Abstract: A ?? analog-to-digital converter includes a previous stage amplifier circuit which amplifies an input signal, a conversion circuit which converts an analog signal into a digital signal, where the analog signal is output from the previous stage amplifier circuit, an input node provided in the previous stage amplifier circuit, a plurality of capacitors provided in the conversion circuit, a first amplifier and a second amplifier, and a path switching circuit which connects the first amplifier to the input node in a first mode and connects the first amplifier to the plurality of capacitors in a second mode, where the first mode is for sampling the analog signal and the second mode is for performing an integration operation. The first amplifier forms the previous stage amplifier circuit in the first mode, and forms an integrator which carries out the integration operation performed in the conversion circuit in the second mode.

Abstract: A coding device is comprised of an initial resolution coding unit for coding an initial resolution image sub-sampled from an image at every interval of predetermined pixels, and a high resolution coding unit for coding images at sub-sampling intervals sequentially halved, wherein said high resolution coding unit comprises a pixel value predicting means for, out of the pixels that should be coded in present resolution, predicting a value of a pixel being positioned at a center of its adjacent four pixels already coded in previous resolution from said adjacent four pixels with a linear interpolation, and predicting a value of a remaining pixel from its adjacent four pixels having the above pixel at a center thereof with the linear interpolation, said adjacent four pixels being positioned in an upper, lower, left and right sides of the above pixel, a prediction error calculating means for obtaining a residual between the pixel value of the to-be-coded pixel and the predicted value, and a variable length coding m

Abstract: A system to communicate optical data signals in parallel includes an optical splitter to split the data signals into two polarization multiplexed (PM) signals; and two reception channels coupled to the optical splitter, where each reception channel tracks and isolates a PM signal independently.

Abstract: An information readout apparatus includes analog to digital converting means, equalizing means, interpolating means, maximum likelihood detecting means and PLL means. The analog to digital converting means converts a read signal read out from an optical disc medium, on which data is recorded with run length limited code that the shortest run length is 1, into a digital signal, and outputs the digital signal in synchronous with a first clock signal with a frequency which is N/M times of a channel frequency. At this time, N is an integer equal to or more than 2 and M is an integer meeting N/M>0.5. The equalizing means equalizes said digital signal to a previously specified partial response (PR) characteristic in synchronous with said first clock signal signal. The interpolating means converts N input data outputted from said equalizing means into M output data, and outputs output data in synchronous with a second clock signal with a frequency of 1/M times of the channel frequency.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, which is capable of easily removing a sealing sheet building up terminal surfaces of leads, includes arranging, on molds, terminal surfaces of leads in a lead frame on which semiconductor elements are mounted so as to come in contact with a sealing sheet, pouring a resin into the molds to form a resin sealed body including the semiconductor elements, and cleaning the resin sealed body, and the cleaning of the resin sealed body ravels the sealing sheet by a cleaning solvent and removes the sealing sheet.

Abstract: Characteristics of a circuit element are predicted accurately by taking account not only of the temperature variation due to self-heating of the element but also of temperature variation due to heat transmission from an adjoining heater element.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention combine static analysis, source code instrumentation and feedback-guided fuzz testing to automatically detect resource exhaustion denial of service attacks in software and generate inputs of coma for vulnerable code segments. The static analysis of the code highlights portions that are potentially vulnerable, such as loops and recursions whose exit conditions are dependent on user input. The code segments are dynamically instrumented to provide a feedback value at the end of each execution. Evolutionary techniques are then employed to search among the possible inputs to find inputs that maximize the feedback score.

Abstract: In a design-system distributing method, when a server side design system is updated, a server compares an updated server side design system and a client update state data, and the server distributes an update assisting system, an update indication data and a difference data to a client system based on the comparing result. The client system stores the update assisting system, the update indication data and the difference data, and the client system starts the stored update assisting system such that an update notice is outputted to a user of the client system to urge update of the client side design system each time a preset condition is satisfied until an update command of the client side design system is supplied to the client system. The client system updates the client side design system based on the stored update indication data and the stored difference data in response to the update command.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes: forming a first resin layer on a wafer having a light receiving portion; patterning the first resin layer into a predetermined shape and forming a first resin film on the light receiving portion; dividing the wafer into light receiving elements; mounting the light receiving elements on an upper surface of a lead frame; a sealing step of forming a sealing resin layer around the first resin film; and removing the first resin film such that a portion of the light receiving element is exposed to the outside, and in the sealing step, the upper surface of the first resin film is flush with the upper surface of the sealing resin layer, or the upper surface of the first resin film is higher than the upper surface of the sealing resin layer.

Abstract: To provide a manufacturing method of a semiconductor substrate and a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device, which prevent reduction in breakdown voltage of a gate oxide film of a device formed in a semiconductor substrate to improve a reliability of the gate oxide film. A manufacturing method of a semiconductor substrate according to the present invention includes: exposing a silicon surface of an active layer substrate 1 made of single-crystal silicon, to which a semiconductor device is formed; forming an oxide film on a support substrate 2 made of single-crystal silicon; and bonding the silicon surface of the active layer substrate 1 to the oxide film formed on the support substrate 2. The silicon surface of the active layer substrate 1 is exposed by removing a spontaneous oxidation film 7 formed on the surface.

Abstract: An SRAM includes a memory cell and a precharge circuit. The precharge circuit precharges a bit line pair with a power supply voltage before writing a data in the memory cell or before reading a data therefrom at a time of a normal mode, and which feeds a power supply voltage to at least a low level data-holding node of a node pair of the memory cell at a time of a read test mode, between time for writing a data in the memory cell and time for reading a data therefrom.

Abstract: A power supply controller includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter that performs analog-digital conversion of an output voltage and outputs a digital signal, a deviation signal generator unit that generates a deviation signal from the digital signal and a standard voltage value serving as an output voltage target value, and a power controller unit that controls the output voltage based on the deviation signal. The power supply controller includes a conversion range setting unit that sets a range of the reference voltage into the A/D converter based on a first signal as the digital signal in a power supply startup period, and sets the reference voltage range into the A/D converter based on a second signal as the deviation signal or as a signal corresponding to the deviation signal in a steady state period.

Abstract: An integrated circuit is provided with first and second variable delay circuits, a test data feeding circuitry, a test control circuit, and a wire-connection line. The test data feeding circuitry feeds first and second test data signals to the first and second variable delay circuits, respectively. The first and second test data signals are complement to each other. The test control circuit feeds first and second drive capability control signals to the first and second variable delay circuits to control drive capabilities of the first and second variable delay circuits. The wire-connection line provides a wire-connection for outputs of the first and second variable delay circuits.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for transmitting signals between a transmitter and a receiver by differentially estimating channel coefficients for each of the antenna elements relative to a reference antenna element; determining beam weights to remove oscillator induced phase or offset; and applying a correction (beamforming solution) at the transmitter to make the phase of the received signal from different antenna elements to be coherently combined at the receiver.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes a power generation part as an electrolyte membrane-electrode assembly formed of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, a fuel electrode arranged in contact with one side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and an oxygen electrode arranged in contact with the other side of the membrane, and a fuel supply part for storing and supplying an alcohol fuel to the fuel electrode. The fuel supply part is composed of a high-concentration fuel tank for storing and supplying a highly-concentrated fuel and a water fuel tank for storing and supplying a water fuel. The fuel is gasified and supplied to the power generation part through a fuel gasification/supply layer provided between at least the high-concentration fuel tank and the fuel electrode.

Abstract: An alignment marker includes first marker element pieces for a first viewpoint and second marker element pieces for a second viewpoint different in plan shape. The first and second marker element pieces are respectively formed by dividing marker elements in such a way as to be equal in width to a predetermined marker element pitch. These pieces are arranged at the marker element pitch along an optical image separation direction of the optical image separation element. A predetermined number of the adjoining first and second pieces constitute one repetition cycle. A width of the repetition cycle is in accordance with an arrangement pitch of constituent elements of the optical image separation element. An existing optical image separation element can be used without the formation of the markers thereon and the alignment operation can be performed with a usual aligning and bonding apparatus.

Abstract: VCSELs with a conventional oxide-confined structure have problems to be solved for the purpose of reducing the internal stress and thermal resistance of the device. In particular, the problems should be solved in order to achieve the high reliability of the high-speed modulation-type VCSELs.

Abstract: It is desired for semiconductor devices to reduce leakage currents. In a semiconductor device having a stacked structure including a GaAs layer and an InGaP layer, p-type impurity is doped to the GaAs layer. Consequently, the conduction band of the GaAs is raised to higher than the Fermi level. As a result, electron accumulation is suppressed and the gate leakage current can be reduced.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for uplink connectivity for mobile clients. An apparatus in a mobile client includes an antenna for transmitting and receiving wireless signals, and an uplink connectivity manager for dividing an uplink transmission for each client location into an exploration phase and an operational phase.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus according to the present invention includes: a liquid crystal panel; a backlight provided on a rear face of the liquid crystal panel; a detector which detects RGB output light levels of the backlight; a first controller which controls backlight current for driving the backlight so that a prescribed luminance is attained based on the RGB output light levels detected by the detector; and a second controller which controls display signals supplied to the liquid crystal panel so that a prescribed chromaticity is attained based on the RGB output light levels detected by the detector.