Abstract: Methods for forming polyolefin nanocomposite precursor compositions are provided. In embodiments, such a method comprises mixing a polyolefin, unmodified graphite, and a peroxide crosslinker via solid-state shear pulverization under conditions to form a polyolefin nanocomposite precursor composition comprising the polyolefin; exfoliated, unmodified graphite dispersed throughout the polyolefin; and unreacted peroxide crosslinker dispersed throughout the polyolefin, wherein the polyolefin is polyethylene, a copolymer of polyethylene, or combinations thereof. Methods of forming crosslinked polyolefin nanocomposites, the polyolefin nanocomposite precursor compositions, and crosslinked polyolefin nanocomposites are also provided.

Abstract: Diffusion-based and ion implantation-based methods are provided for fabricating planar photodetectors. The methods may be used to fabricate planar photodetectors comprising type II superlattice absorber layers but without mesa structures. The fabricated planar photodetectors exhibit high quantum efficiencies, low dark current densities, and high specific detectivities as compared to photodetectors having mesa structures.

Abstract: Disclosed are chromane compounds, analogs thereof, and methods of their synthesis and use. The compounds may be synthesized by methods involving reductive annulations of arylidene malonates with unsaturated electrophiles using photoredox/Lewis acid cooperative catalysis. The compounds may be formulated in a pharmaceutical composition for treating one of the aforementioned diseases or disorders.

Abstract: A lubricant composition includes a base lubricant and a plurality of lubricant additive molecules functioning as precursor molecules to induce tribopolymerization and forming in situ protective tribofilm with desirable robustness and low shear resistance. Each lubricant additive molecule includes one or more surface-active groups attractable to target surface, and a carbon containing component operable connected to the one or more surface active groups. The carbon containing component comprise a carbon ring structure having a high ring strain that is metastable and activatable with a ring-opening reaction. A less stable carbon ring structure is more readily activated to the intermediate state, preferable to form more active fragments. Increasing the adsorption strength further is beneficial to prolonging the residence time of additive molecules on the target surface, thereby facilitating the dissociation of molecules and subsequent polymerization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for delivering an oligonucleotide-functionalized nanoparticle.

Abstract: Systems and methods for assessing ocular cyclotorsion are provided utilizing an inter-aural axis location assembly, with a first gyroscope connected to the inter-aural axis location assembly, and a camera assembly for retinal imaging, with a second gyroscope connected to the camera assembly. A processor is utilized to calculate angles between the disc-foveal line, skull-horizontal axis, and earth-horizontal axis for use in determining ocular cyclotorsion, and the determinations or calculations may be used to generate a diagnostic report that may be provided via an output device.

Abstract: A method of microscopy comprises collecting an emission light; symmetrically dispersing the collected emission light into a first order (“1st”) light and a negative first order (“?1st”) light using a grating; wherein the 1st light comprises spectral information and the ?1st light comprises spectral information; capturing the 1st light and the ?1st light using a camera, localizing the one or more light-emitting materials using localization information determined from both the first spectral image and the second spectral image; and determining spectral information from the one or more light-emitting materials using the first spectral image and/or the second spectral image; wherein the steps of localizing and obtaining are performed simultaneously. A spectrometer for a microscope comprises a dual-wedge prism (“DWP”) for receiving and spectrally dispersing a light beam, wherein the DWP comprises a first dispersive optical device and a second dispersive optical device adhered to each other.

Abstract: A system for electrical ventilation stimulation of a patient including an implantable nerve stimulator including a stimulation circuit and a pulse generator that produces biphasic charge-balanced pulses to stimulate a phrenic nerve, an external digital programming device having near field communication transmission and a digital interface, and wherein the external digital programming device is used to control settings of the implantable nerve stimulator.

Abstract: Preparation of two-dimensional indium selenide, other two-dimensional materials and related compositions via surfactant-free deoxygenated co-solvent systems.

Abstract: A post-synthetic method for stabilizing colloidal crystals programmed from nucleic acid is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the method relies on Ag+ ions to stabilize the particle-connecting nucleic acid duplexes within the crystal lattice, essentially transforming them from loosely bound structures to ones with very strong interparticle links. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid is DNA. Such crystals do not dissociate as a function of temperature like normal DNA or DNA-interconnected colloidal crystals, and they can be moved from water to organic media or the solid state, and stay intact. The Ag+-stabilization of the nucleic acid (e.g., DNA) bonds is accompanied by a nondestructive contraction of the lattice, and both the stabilization and contraction are reversible with the chemical extraction of the Ag+ ions, e.g., by AgCl precipitation with NaCl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of following formula (I), which is a novel prodrug of biguanide derivatives: (I). The present invention also relates to the preparation and methods of using the compound. In particular, the invention relates to prodrugs wherein metformin and phenformin are attached to AuIII cyclometalated backbone to form novel AuIII prodrugs of metformin or phenformin with improved anticancer effects.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reversing a magnetization in a ferromagnet include a nanometer-scale cylindrical ferromagnetic sample having a height to diameter aspect ratio on the order of 2 or greater. A temporally-varying external field comprising an r.f. Pi pulse is applied to the ferromagnetic sample to cause a precession magnetization vector inclined at an angle with respect to the longest axis of the ferromagnetic sample to continuously rotate around the longest axis. One or more parameters of the temporally-varying external field is continuously adjusted based on at least magnetization dynamics of the ferromagnetic sample and/or an angular dependence of a precession frequency of the ferromagnetic sample.

Abstract: A method of forming an aluminum alloy component including melting and solidifying an aluminum alloy, solution treating the aluminum alloy, and heat treating the aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy includes scandium, zirconium, erbium, silicon, at least one of molybdenum and tungsten, manganese and the balance aluminum and incidental impurities. The concentration of the alloying elements, in atom %, is greater than 0.0 and less than or equal to 0.15 scandium, greater than 0.0 and less than or equal to 0.35 zirconium, greater than 0.0 and less than or equal to 0.15 erbium, greater than 0.0 and less than or equal to 0.2 silicon, greater than 0.0 and less or equal to 0.75 molybdenum when included, greater than 0.0 and less than or equal to 0.35 tungsten when included.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for high-resolution mapping of DNA polymerase fidelity using nucleotide imbalances and next-generation sequencing.

Abstract: Disclosed are polynucleotides, compositions, and methods related to RNA interference (RNAi). The disclosed polynucleotides, compositions, and methods may be utilized for treating diseases and disorders through RNAi. Particular disclosed are toxic RNAi active seed sequences and methods of using toxic RNAi active sequences for killing cancer cells. The disclosed toxic RNAi active seed sequences preferentially target and inhibit the expression of multiple essential genes for cell survival and/or growth through a process called “death-induced by survival gene elimination” or “DISE.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions, systems, and methods for minimally-invasive assessment of toxicity-induced tissue injury. In particular, external (e.g., whole-body) scanning is employed to detect toxicity-induced injuries, such as those caused by chemotherapeutics.

Abstract: Flanges formed on sheet metal parts to increase the part stiffness or create mating surface for further assembly are created in an incremental sheet forming process using forming tool and supporting tool that move along a specified tool path so as to gradually deform a peripherally-clamped sheet metal work piece into the desired geometry. With two universal tools moving along the designed toolpath on the both sides of the part, the process is very flexible. Process time is can also be reduced by utilizing an accumulative double-sided incremental hole-flanging strategy, in which the flange is formed in only one step.

Abstract: The present teachings provide methods for providing populations of single-walled carbon nanotubes that are substantially monodisperse in terms of diameter, electronic type, and/or chirality. Also provided are single-walled carbon nanotube populations provided thereby and articles of manufacture including such populations.

Abstract: A self-aligned short-channel SASC electronic device includes a first semiconductor layer formed on a substrate; a first metal layer formed on a first portion of the first semiconductor layer; a first dielectric layer formed on the first metal layer and extended with a dielectric extension on a second portion of the first semiconductor layer that extends from the first portion of the first semiconductor layer, the dielectric extension defining a channel length of a channel in the first semiconductor layer; and a gate electrode formed on the substrate and capacitively coupled with the channel. The dielectric extension is conformally grown on the first semiconductor layer in a self-aligned manner. The channel length is less than about 800 nm, preferably, less than about 200 nm, more preferably, about 135 nm.

Abstract: Methods for activating a p-type dopant in a group III-Nitride semiconductor are provided. In embodiments, such a method comprises annealing, in situ, a film of a group III-Nitride semiconductor comprising a p-type dopant formed via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at a first temperature for a first period of time under an atmosphere comprising NH3 and N2; and cooling, in situ, the film of the group III-Nitride semiconductor to a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature under an atmosphere comprising N2 in the absence of NH3, to form an activated p-type group III-Nitride semiconductor film.