Abstract: Articles and methods for transaction irregularity detection are disclosed. In one example, the article discloses: a memory including a record of a last-reported security-device transaction with the security-device, and including a last-reported transaction counter value associated with the last-reported security-device transaction; a previous device identifier; a record of the previous security-device transaction with the security-device, and including the previous device identifier associated with the previous security-device transaction; a record of a current security-device transaction with the security-device, and including a currently-reported transaction counter value associated with the current security-device transaction; and a back-end device tagging the previous device with fraud if the current transaction counter value differs from the last-reported transaction counter value by other than an increment.

Abstract: Various aspects of the disclosure are directed to methods and apparatuses involving providing a clock signal. As consistent with one or more embodiments herein, a sawtooth waveform signal is generated in a manner that facilitates low power operation. In some implementations, the sawtooth waveform signal is generated using an oscillator that operates without necessarily employing R-C circuits and/or without rail-to-rail voltage supply, such as via a nonlinear oscillator. The sawtooth waveform signal is used to generate a trapezoidal waveform signal, and a clock signal is generated using the trapeziodal waveform signal.

Abstract: A circuit for protecting a transistor is enclosed. The circuit includes a temperature sensing device coupled to the transistor and a tunable clamping circuit connected between transistor terminals, wherein the tunable clamping circuit is configured to provide an adjustable clamping voltage. A temperature controller coupled to the temperature sensing device and the tunable clamping circuit is also included. The temperature controller is configured to trigger a change in a clamping voltage of the tunable clamping circuit based on a feedback from the temperature sensing device.

Abstract: A state-detection circuit facilitates the detection of the state of an input pin relative to several different types of input circuits. According to an example embodiment, a state-detection circuit includes a plurality of comparators and circuit components, configured to provide a plurality of binary output signals that collectively indicate a state of an input pin to which the comparators are coupled. The state-detection circuit is configured to facilitate the detection of several different types of input circuits, based upon the binary output signals.

Abstract: A multiple application smart card (102) uses hardware firewalls (130) and an internal communications scheme to isolate applications from different service providers. A first application (116) from a first service provider is stored within a first supplemental security domain (SSD) (126) of a memory device on the multiple application smart card (102). A second application (116) from a second service provider is stored within a second SSD (128) of the memory device. A hardware firewall (130) is located between the first and second applications (116) of the first and second SSDs (128). The hardware firewall (130) prevents direct data access between the first and second applications (116) of the first and second SSDs (128).

Abstract: An apparatus for storing or reading data in a memory array of a transponder and a corresponding transponder, read/write device and program element is described. Therein, a data file system for storing data within the memory array is defined by a predetermined protocol. The storing additional data includes checking whether a memory size of the application data file is larger than the memory size indicated by the application data length indicator; and storing second application data in a partial memory area of the application data file not occupied by the first application data. Thereby, memory areas which, according to the predetermined protocol, are not used can be used for new applications, data can be hidden in these areas such that they can not be read by protocol compliant reader devices and the data structure read or written is compatible with the former predetermined protocol.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a detection system and a corresponding method for detecting movements of a movable object that compensate for unintentional tilt movement of the movable object in a first direction and/or in a second direction when a linear movement in a third direction is detected.

Abstract: Aspects of various embodiments are directed to the communication of wireless data. In a particular embodiment, an apparatus includes a master/wireless communication circuit and a slave circuit that carries out a secure function. The master generates session initiation commands, and the slave is responsive to these commands by generating and storing a session ID. In response to the receipt and validation of user-input data, the slave accesses and locally stores the session ID. Upon the initiation of and/or during a wireless communication process, the slave again accesses the session ID and compares the accessed session ID with the locally stored session ID, and facilitates communication based on the comparison (e.g., communication is not permitted if the comparison does not indicate a match).

Abstract: Embodiments of a device and method are disclosed. In an embodiment, a CAN device is disclosed. The CAN device includes a transmit data (TXD) input interface, a TXD output interface, a receive data (RXD) input interface, an RXD output interface and a traffic control system connected between the TXD input and output interfaces and between the RXD input and output interfaces. The traffic control system is configured to detect the presence of classic CAN traffic on the RXD input interface and if the presence of classic CAN traffic is detected on the RXD input interface, emulate an error management protocol of a classic CAN controller in response to signals received on the TXD input interface.

Abstract: Embodiments of a device and method are disclosed. In an embodiment, a CAN device is disclosed. The CAN device includes a TXD input interface, a TXD output interface, an RXD input interface, an RXD output interface, and a traffic control system connected between the TXD input and output interfaces and between the RXD input and output interfaces. The traffic control system is configured to detect the presence of CAN Flexible Data-rate (FD) traffic on the RXD input interface and if the traffic control system detects the presence of CAN FD traffic on the RXD input interface, disconnect the RXD input interface from the RXD output interface and disconnect the TXD input interface from the TXD output interface.

Abstract: A capacitive MEMS structure comprising first and second opposing capacitor electrode arrangements, wherein at least one of the electrode arrangements is movable, and a dielectric material located adjacent to the second electrode arrangement, wherein the second electrode arrangement is patterned such that it includes electrode areas and spaces adjacent to the electrode areas, and wherein the dielectric material extends at least partially in or over the spaces.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a biosensor semiconductor device in which copper electrodes at a major surface of the device are modified to form Au—Cu alloy electrodes. Such modification is effected by depositing a gold layer over the device, and then thermally treating the device to promote interdiffusion between the gold and the electrode copper. Alloyed gold-copper is removed from the surface of the device, leaving the exposed electrodes. The electrodes are better compatible with further processing into a biosensor device than is the case with conventional copper electrodes, and the process windows are wider than for gold capped copper electrodes. A biosensor semiconductor device having Au—Cu alloy electrodes is also disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided an oscillator arrangement for generating a clock signal. The oscillator arrangement comprises a current controlled oscillator, a frequency to voltage converter, and an operational amplifier. The oscillator arrangement is connectable to a supply voltage source. In one embodiment, the oscillator arrangement may achieve a stable clock frequency insensitive to supply and temperature variation with low current consumption and low area. This may be achieved by using Vref and Vout as input signals to the operational amplifier, both signals being directly derived from the supply voltage. In a further embodiment, a trimming resistor may be used in the frequency to voltage converter for adjusting the frequency.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-transistor, e.g. a two-transistor memory cell with an enhancement junction field effect transistor (JFET) as the access gate transistor. In one embodiment, the JFET is provided as a self-aligned JFET. Accordingly, and advantageous over the prior art, the invention allows for a method for manufacturing a multi-transistor, e.g. a two-transistor memory cell comprising a JFET as the access transistor without adding any additional masks and/or processing steps. Such a multi-transistor, e.g. a two-transistor memory cell according to invention, provides an improved reliability.

Abstract: Data carriers for inventorying by means of a communication station, whereby the communication station and each data carrier are brought into communicative connection, and each data carrier brought into communicative connection with the communication station is configured to generate a response signal that renders possible an inventorying of the data carrier and is capable of delivering a generated response signal with the use of a transmission start moment that can be selected from a plurality of transmission start moments, each data carrier tests whether another data carrier is already giving its response signal. Each data carrier is configured to discontinue the generation or delivery of its response signal if another data carrier is already providing its response signal.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate a system for supplying power. The system may include a power source outputting a source voltage, a regulator connected to the power source, and an extension module connected to the power source. The regulator may output a first voltage when the source voltage is above a minimum threshold, and the extension module may output a second voltage when the source voltage falls below the minimum threshold.

Abstract: An Analogue to Digital Converter (ADC) having a Gated Ring Voltage Controlled Oscillator, GRVCO, to generate a phase signal according to an input voltage; and a quantization circuit to generate a quantized phase output signal according. The GRVCO operates in either a first or second mode of operation according to a gating control signal. In the first mode of operation, the GRVCO operates in a VCO mode with gating disabled. In the second mode of operation, the GRVCO operates in a GRVCO mode wherein gating is enabled or disabled according to a gating signal.

Abstract: A switchable current source in which a reference voltage value to be used in driving the gate of an output transistor is sampled and stored. The reference voltage is derived using a reference current source which feeds a current sensing transistor. The current sensing transistor is turned off when the output transistor is turned off, so that the reference current source then does not consume power. A large reference current Iref can then be used for a short time.

Abstract: A communication apparatus (200) has a calibration mode in which a signal is passed through circuitry (30, 80) of the apparatus, and a controller (160) measures the response of the circuitry (30, 80) to the signal and adjusts the circuitry (30, 80) to improve performance. The signal used for calibration has a wider bandwidth than the bandwidth of signals used for transmission. The wider bandwidth may be provided by reconfiguring a digital filter (20) from low-pass to high-pass.

Abstract: A biosensor device (100) for detecting biological particles, the biosensor device (100) comprising an electromagnetic radiation transmitting member (102) adapted for transmitting electromagnetic radiation and a plurality of sensor active structures (104) arranged at the electromagnetic radiation transmitting member (102), wherein each of the plurality of sensor active structures (104) is sensitive to specific biological particles and is adapted to modify electromagnetic radiation transmission properties of the electromagnetic radiation transmitting member (102) in the event of the presence of the respective biological particles, and wherein the electromagnetic radiation transmitting member (102) is adapted for a simultaneous detection of different biological particles at different ones of the plurality of sensor active structures (104).