Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-GREM1 antagonist for use in a method for the treatment or prevention of a cancer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to graded electrodes for an electric battery cell, and to methods of designing and manufacturing such electrodes. Example embodiments include a method of designing an electrode for an electric battery cell, the electrode comprising a compound mixture of an electrochemically active material, an electrically conductive material and a binding material, the method comprising: applying a model for an electrochemical response of the electric battery cell; and optimising parameters of the model to maximise one or more of an energy density, power density, battery health and thermal response of the electric battery cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a combined therapy comprising the use of one or more omega-3 fatty acids and one or more B vitamins and for treating cognitive impairment, such cognitive impairment disorders include, especially but not exclusively, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present invention also provides a treatment for individuals suffering from cognitive impairment disorders that occur as a result of brain or cerebral atrophy, the invention includes inter alia methods of treating and/or reducing progression of brain atrophy and pharmaceutical compositions and nutritional supplements therefor.

Abstract: A method of mitigating errors in quantum computing, wherein the method comprises: performing (S101) an operation on the state of a qubit in a group of qubits a plurality of times, wherein the operation has a first error rate, and wherein each performance of the operation comprises: performing a first operation comprising: a gate operation, a symmetry operation, and a first basis operation; or performing a second operation comprising: the gate operation, the symmetry operation, and a second basis operation; wherein the first and second basis operations are different basis operations selected from a set of basis operations; and measuring the state of the qubit; wherein the probability of performing the first operation is a first probability, and the probability of performing the second operation is a second probability; obtaining (S102) a symmetry measurement for the group of qubits after each performance of the operation using the symmetry operation, wherein the group of qubits comprises a plurality of qubits;

Abstract: The invention relates generally to a method of detecting and/or analysing target polymers, especially target polynucleotides, using a biological pore. The invention also relates to a novel system for carrying out the method. The method has many uses. In particular, the method may be used for diagnosis, detection of polymorphisms and V(D)J repertoire analysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a compound comprising an 18F-difluoromethyl group or a compound comprising an 18F-difluoromethylene group, which process comprises contacting a compound comprising a nucleophilic group with 18F-difluorocarbene. The invention also relates to a compound of Formula (I). Compounds comprising an 18F-difluoromethyl group or an 18F-difluoromethylene group are also the subject of the present invention.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for electrosurgery are disclosed. In one arrangement, an electrosurgical element and a control system are provided. The electrosurgical element is electrically driven in a first electrical driving mode. The first electrical driving mode is such as to cause heating of human or animal tissue by the electrosurgical element. The heating contributes to modification or cutting of tissue by the electrosurgical element. The electrosurgical element is electrically driven in a second electrical driving mode. An electrical response of the electrosurgical element is measured during the electrical driving of the electrosurgical element in the second electrical driving mode.

Abstract: A photocatalyst is described that is suitable for converting molecular nitrogen into ammonia. The photocatalyst comprises a layered base material comprising 1 to 100 layers, the layered base material being selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, molybdenum telluride, tungsten telluride, molybdenum selenide and tungsten selenide, a layered base material comprising 1 to 100 layers, the layered base material being selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, molybdenum telluride, tungsten telluride, molybdenum selenide and tungsten selenide, and 0.1-10.0% by weight, relative to the weight of the base material, of one or more Group VI, VII, VIII, IX or X transition metals. The photocatalyst can further comprise 0.1-50.0% by weight, relative to the weight of the base material, of one or more semiconductor materials having an average particle size of 0.5-50.0 nm.

Abstract: A method of detecting a protein by mass spectrometry comprises: providing a solution comprising a dendritic detergent and a protein; providing a mass spectrometer comprising a nanoelectrospray ionisation source, a mass analyser and a detector; vaporising the solution using the nanoelectrospray ionisation source; ionising the protein; resolving the ionised protein using the mass analyser; and detecting the resolved protein using the detector. A method of extracting a membrane protein from its native membrane comprises: providing a membrane protein in its native membrane; contacting the membrane protein with a dendritic detergent. Dendritic detergents for use in the methods are also provided.

Abstract: A method of investigating the monotypia of a population of T-cells comprising detecting expression of the T cell receptor beta chain constant region TRBC1 and TRBC2, and/or the T cell receptor gamma chain constant region TRGC1 and TRGC, in a population of T-cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for detecting a state of true perception loss of a human, the device including processing means operable to detect from information on electrical signals sensed adjacent to the scalp of the human the activity of oscillations present in the electrical signals as a marker for the state of true perception loss of the human.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for assessing microvascular dysfunction of a patient. A series of images is acquired of a region of interest within the body of the patient. An imaging-derived index of microcirculatory resistance is determined from the series of images. A clinical parameter representing microvascular dysfunction is assigned to the patient via a predictive model according to at least the imaging-derived index of microcirculatory resistance.

Abstract: The application discloses a method and apparatus for imaging a sample by interferometric scattering microscopy, the method comprising illuminating a sample with at least one coherent light source, the sample being held at a sample location comprising an interface having a refractive index change, illuminating the sample with illuminating radiation to generate a backpropagating signal from the sample comprising light reflected at the interface and light scattered by the sample, splitting the backpropagating signal into first and second signals, modifying the second signal using a modifying element such that the second signal differs from the first signal, directing the first and second signals onto first and second detectors to generate, respectively, first and second images and comparing, by a processor, the first and second images to determine one or more characteristics of the sample.

Abstract: A method for characterising an epicardial region using medical imaging data of a subject. The method comprises calculating the value of an epicardial radiomic signature of the epicardial region using the medical imaging data. Also disclosed is a method for deriving an epicardial radiomic signature indicative of cardiac health. The method comprises using a radiomic dataset to construct an epicardial radiomic signature. Also disclosed are systems for performing the aforementioned methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a reduced folate, such as 5-MTHF (5-methyltetrahydrofolate), optionally in combination with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) or precursors thereof, for preventing or treating disorders associated with a BH4 deficiency, or low BH4 bioavailability. Such disorders primarily include diseases which have vascular endothelial pathology, or effects on amino acid metabolism or neurotransmission, especially pregnancy related disorders such as pre-eclampsia.

Abstract: A hyperspectral imaging device (100) is provided comprising an input (102) for receiving a light field from a scene (106), an encoder (108), at least one dispersive element (110, 112), at least one array detector (114, 110) and a processor (118). The encoder (108) is arranged to receive at least a portion of the light field from the input (102) and transform it to provide a first and second encoded light (120, 122) field having different spatial patterns. At least one dispersive element (110, 112) is arranged to apply spectral shear to the first and second encoded light fields (120, 122) respectively to provide first and second sheared light fields (124, 126). At least one array detector (114, 116) is arranged to detect the first and second sheared light fields (124, 126). The processor (118) is arranged to process an output from the at least one array detector (114, 116) to determine a datacube (128) corresponding to a hyperspectral image of the scene.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant adenoviral vectors, immunogenic compositions thereof and their uses in medicine. In particular, the present invention provides an adenoviral vector comprising the genome of an adenovirus other than AdHu5 and AdY25, wherein the genome of the adenovirus has been modified such that the vector lacks the native E4 locus of the adenovirus and comprises heterologous E4Orf1, E4Orf2 and E4Orf3 coding regions from AdY25.

Abstract: Disclosed are conjugates of an oligonucleotide and a peptide covalently bonded or linked via a linker to the oligonucleotide, the peptide including at least one cationic domain comprising at least 4 amino acid residues and at least one hydrophobic domain comprising at least 3 amino acid residues, provided that the peptide includes a total of 7 to 40 amino acid residues and does not include any artificial amino acid residues; and the oligonucleotide including a total of 12 to 40 contiguous nucleobases, where at least 12 contiguous nucleobases are complementary to a target sequence in a human dystrophin gene.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches multi-classification of endoscopic imaging using a segmentation neural network. The network is trained on imaging data using a novel loss function with components of both focal and boundary loss. During a lithotripsy procedure, images are received by a deployed endoscopic probe. Based on the received imaging data and inference data from its prior learning, the segmentation neural network identifies renal calculi and surgical instruments within the imaging data. The imaging data is modified and displayed to assist the lithotripsy procedure.

Abstract: A scattering microscopy arrangement uses a microscope to image an object comprising a surface. A light source emits illuminating light and a light detector detects light elastically scattered from the object. An electric potential is applied to the surface that affects the electrochemical properties of the object while imaging. The electric potential provides a contrast mechanism that improves the imaging and allows for characterisation of the object and/or the surrounding environment.