Abstract: An electrochemical energy storage device is described. The electrochemical energy storage device comprises: a first electrode comprising a transition metal fluoride; a second electrode; and an electrolyte comprising an ionic liquid. An electrode for the electrochemical energy storage device and a method of preparing the electrode are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an affinity purification system that utilises a polypeptide comprising: (i) an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein X at position 79 is selected from alanine, glycine, serine, asparagine, or threonine; (ii) a portion of (i) comprising an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, wherein X at position 56 is selected from alanine, glycine, serine, asparagine or threonine; (iii) an amino acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to a sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the polypeptide comprises alanine, glycine, serine, asparagine or threonine at a position equivalent to position 79 of SEQ ID NO: 1; or (iv) a portion of (iii) comprising an amino acid sequence with at least 80% sequence identity to a sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, wherein the polypeptide comprises alanine, glycine, serine, asparagine or threonine at a position equivalent to position 56 of SEQ ID NO: 2, wherein the polypeptide binds selectively and reversibly

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptides, in particular cell-penetrating peptides, and to conjugates of such cell-penetrating peptides with a therapeutic molecule. The present invention further relates to use of such peptides or conjugates in methods of treatment or as a medicament, especially in the treatment of genetic disorders and in particular muscular dystrophies such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adjuvant comprising Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) agonist molecules linked to polymer chains that are capable of undergoing particle formation in aqueous conditions, or in aqueous conditions in response to external stimuli; and methods of treatment or prevention of disease using such an adjuvant.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for moving molecular hoppers along tracks; methods of characterising an analyte using molecular hoppers; kits for characterising an analyte; and molecule hoppers per se and systems comprising such hoppers. The invention particularly relates to the use of such methods and kits in the characterisation of analytes.

Abstract: An analysis apparatus analyses a video image signal comprising successive frames of imaging an endoscopy procedure. A machine learning block analyses the video image signal using a machine learning technique that classifies regions of the frames as belonging to one of plural classes corresponding to respective types of image artefact. The classes include a motion blur class corresponding to motion blur of the image, at least one erroneous exposure class corresponding to a type of erroneous exposure of the image, and at least one noise artefact class corresponding to a type of image artefact that is noise. A quality score block derives quality scores representing image quality of the successive frames based on the classified regions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for inducing a T cell mediated immune response for the treatment or prevention of prostate cancer comprising a modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing the 5T4 antigen polypeptide under control of a poxvirus F11 promoter. Suitably said poxvirus F11 promoter is the endogenous MVA F11 promoter. More suitably said vector expresses a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or said vector expresses a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide having the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ. ID NO: 2. The invention also relates to uses and methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for (a) recycling plastic; and/or (b) producing hydrogen; and/or (c) producing syngas; and/or (d) producing carbon nanotubes, wherein the process comprises exposing a solid composition comprising one or more thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers to electromagnetic radiation in the presence of a solid catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises elemental iron (Fe) or an oxide thereof. Also provided is a solid composition comprising a catalyst in intimate mixture with one or more thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers, wherein the catalyst comprises elemental iron (Fe) or an oxide thereof. Also provided is the use of said solid composition to produce hydrogen, syngas and/or carbon nanotubes, and a microwave reactor comprising said solid composition.

Abstract: A process for producing a sensor component for detecting an analyte; a sensor component producible by the process; a process for detecting an analyte; and a device comprising the sensor component. The process comprises electrochemically growing a plurality of conducting polymer molecules from a monomer electrolyte solution to provide a percolation network. The plurality of conducting polymer molecules are grown on the surface of an insulating substrate to connect a first electrode to a second electrode and are capable of displaying a change in an electrical property in response to interaction with an analyte A plurality of conductive nodes may be disposed on a surface of the insulating substrate. A potentiostatic method or a galvanostatic method may be employed to grow the plurality of conducting polymers. Chronoamperometry may be employed to electrochemically grow the plurality of conducting polymers. Cyclic voltammetry is not employed to grow the plurality of conducting polymers.

Abstract: Processes for making magnesium-containing layered double hydroxides from a magnesium phosphate-containing mineral are disclosed, as well as a magnesium-containing layered double hydroxides and their uses.

Abstract: A method for training a machine learning image segmentation algorithm to segment structural features of a blood vessel in a computed tomography (CT) image is described herein. The method comprises receiving a labelled training set for the machine learning image segmentation algorithm. The labelled training set comprising a plurality of CT images, each CT image of the plurality of CT images showing a targeted region of a subject, the targeted region including at least one blood vessel. The labelled training set further comprises a corresponding plurality of segmentation masks, each segmentation mask labelling at least one structural feature of a blood vessel in a corresponding CT image of the plurality of CT images.

Abstract: An interferometric scattering microscope is adapted by performing spatial filtering of output light, which comprises both light scattered from a sample location and illuminating light reflected from the sample location, prior to detection of the output light. The spatial filtering passes the reflected illumination light but with a reduction in intensity that is greater within a predetermined numerical aperture than at larger numerical apertures. This enhances the imaging contrast for coherent illumination, particularly for objects that are weak scatterers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for sequencing a heteropolymeric target nucleic acid sequence that involves stochastic sensing. The invention also relates to a method for improving a pore for sequencing a target nucleic acid sequence by modifying one or more sites in the pore.

Abstract: An optical waveguide (100) is disclosed, for guiding light in a photonic circuit comprising a layer of phase change material (101) for modulating the phase of the guided light. The phase change material (101) is switchable between at least a stable crystalline state and a stable amorphous state each with different refractive indexes. The phase change material (101) exhibits an extinction coefficient of less than 0.1 in both states for wavelengths greater than 1000 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a combined therapy comprising the use of one or more omega-3 fatty acids and one or more B vitamins and for treating cognitive impairment, such cognitive impairment disorders include, especially but not exclusively, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present invention also provides a treatment for individuals suffering from cognitive impairment disorders that occur as a result of brain or cerebral atrophy, the invention includes inter alia methods of treating and/or reducing progression of brain atrophy and pharmaceutical compositions and nutritional supplements therefor.

Abstract: A method of mitigating errors in quantum computing, wherein the method comprises: performing (S101) an operation on the state of a qubit in a group of qubits a plurality of times, wherein the operation has a first error rate, and wherein each performance of the operation comprises: performing a first operation comprising: a gate operation, a symmetry operation, and a first basis operation; or performing a second operation comprising: the gate operation, the symmetry operation, and a second basis operation; wherein the first and second basis operations are different basis operations selected from a set of basis operations; and measuring the state of the qubit; wherein the probability of performing the first operation is a first probability, and the probability of performing the second operation is a second probability; obtaining (S102) a symmetry measurement for the group of qubits after each performance of the operation using the symmetry operation, wherein the group of qubits comprises a plurality of qubits;

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to graded electrodes for an electric battery cell, and to methods of designing and manufacturing such electrodes. Example embodiments include a method of designing an electrode for an electric battery cell, the electrode comprising a compound mixture of an electrochemically active material, an electrically conductive material and a binding material, the method comprising: applying a model for an electrochemical response of the electric battery cell; and optimising parameters of the model to maximise one or more of an energy density, power density, battery health and thermal response of the electric battery cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-GREM1 antagonist for use in a method for the treatment or prevention of a cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a compound comprising an 18F-difluoromethyl group or a compound comprising an 18F-difluoromethylene group, which process comprises contacting a compound comprising a nucleophilic group with 18F-difluorocarbene. The invention also relates to a compound of Formula (I). Compounds comprising an 18F-difluoromethyl group or an 18F-difluoromethylene group are also the subject of the present invention.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for electrosurgery are disclosed. In one arrangement, an electrosurgical element and a control system are provided. The electrosurgical element is electrically driven in a first electrical driving mode. The first electrical driving mode is such as to cause heating of human or animal tissue by the electrosurgical element. The heating contributes to modification or cutting of tissue by the electrosurgical element. The electrosurgical element is electrically driven in a second electrical driving mode. An electrical response of the electrosurgical element is measured during the electrical driving of the electrosurgical element in the second electrical driving mode.