Abstract: An execution method of a firmware code, a memory storage device and a memory control circuit unit are disclosed. The method includes: executing a firmware code in a read only memory; after executing a first part of the firmware code, querying reference information in a reference memory according to index information in the firmware code; and determining, according to the reference information, to continuously execute a second part of the firmware code or switch to execute a replacement program code in the reference memory, so as to complete a startup procedure.

Abstract: A phase-locked loop circuit calibration method for a memory storage device including a rewritable non-volatile memory module is provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. The method includes: receiving a first signal from a host system; generating a jitter signal by the memory storage device; generating a second signal according to the first signal and the jitter signal; performing a phase-lock operation on the second signal to generate a third signal by a phase-locked loop circuit; and calibrating an electrical parameter of the phase-locked loop circuit according to a variation of a time difference between the first signal and the third signal.

Abstract: A data merge method for a rewritable non-volatile memory module including a plurality of physical units is provided. The method includes: selecting at least one first physical unit and at least one second physical unit from the physical units; reading first mapping information from the rewritable non-volatile memory module, and the first mapping information includes mapping information of the first physical unit and mapping information of the second physical unit; copying valid data collected from the first physical unit and valid data collected from the second physical unit to at least one third physical unit of the physical units according to the first mapping information; and when a data volume of valid data copied from the second physical unit to the third physical unit reaches a data volume threshold, stopping collecting valid data from the second physical unit, and continuing collecting valid data from the first physical unit.

Abstract: A circuit layout structure and a memory storage device are disclosed. The circuit layout structure includes a plurality of first volatile memory modules, a plurality of second volatile memory modules, a first data line, a second data line, a first clock enable signal line and a second clock enable signal line. The first data line is configured to access the first volatile memory modules in parallel by a first sequential bit group. The second data line is configured to access the second volatile memory modules in parallel by a second sequential bit group. The first clock enable signal line and the second clock enable signal line are configured to control the first volatile memory modules and the second volatile memory modules to enter a self-refresh mode respectively.

Abstract: A memory control method, a memory storage device and a memory control circuit unit are provided. The method includes: determining a retry threshold value according to decoding history information which includes information related to at least one first decoding operation previously performed; and determining whether to enter a second decoding mode according to the retry threshold value after at least one second decoding operation performed based on a first decoding mode is failed. A decoding ability of the second decoding mode is higher than a decoding ability of the first decoding mode.

Abstract: A data arrangement method, a memory storage device and a memory control circuit unit are provided. The data arrangement method includes: receiving a command from a host, and the command includes a data range; calculating a data disarranged degree according to a logical estimated value of a plurality of logical block addresses of the data range and a physical estimated value of a plurality of physical erasing units mapped to the plurality of logical block addresses of the data range; and determining whether to perform a data arrangement operation according to the data disarranged degree and a threshold to move data in the plurality of physical erasing units according to the plurality of logical block addresses.

Abstract: A data reading method is provided. The method includes: according to a first read command received from a host system, sending a first read command sequence, which is configured to instruct a reading of a plurality of physical units of the rewritable non-volatile memory module to obtain first data; identifying data stored in at least one first physical unit in the physical units as uncorrectable data according to the first data; according to a second command received from the host system, sending a second read command sequence, which is configured to instruct a reading of the physical units of the rewritable non-volatile memory module to obtain second data; generating response data corresponding to the second read command according to the second data and padding data, which is configured to replace the data read from the at least one first physical unit; and transmitting the response data to the host system.

Abstract: A data transfer method includes: instructing a first memory storage device to disable a data encryption function activated by default; and sending a write command to the first memory storage device under a status that the data encryption function of the first memory storage device is disabled. The write command instructs a storing of encryption information of encrypted data to the first memory storage device. The encryption information is not generated by the first memory storage device and is unreadable by a normal read command.

Abstract: A data protection method, a memory storage device and a memory control circuit unit are provided. The method includes: setting a plurality of disk array tags corresponding to a plurality of word lines and a plurality of memory planes, and the plurality of disk array tags corresponding to one of the word lines connected to one of the memory planes are at least partially identical to the plurality of disk array tags corresponding to another one of the word lines connected to another one of the memory planes; receiving a write command and data corresponding to the write command from a host system; and sequentially writing the data into the plurality of word lines and the plurality of memory planes corresponding to the plurality of disk array tags.

Abstract: A memory control method for a rewritable non-volatile memory module is provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. The method includes: collecting valid data from a source unit; copying a first logical to physical mapping table corresponding to the source unit to generate a second logical to physical mapping table; updating the second logical to physical mapping table according to a physical address of a recycling unit expected to be written, and the second logical to physical mapping table is recorded with mapping information corresponding to the recycling unit; copying the valid data from the source unit into the recycling unit; and updating first management information according to the second logical to physical mapping table.

Abstract: A calibration method of an equalizer circuit for a memory storage device is disclosed. The calibration method includes: receiving a first signal; adjusting, by the equalizer circuit, the first signal according to a control parameter to output a second signal; generating a first sampling signal according to a first reference signal and the second signal, wherein the first sampling signal reflects data transmitted by the first signal; and generating a second sampling signal according to a second reference signal and the second signal and adjusting the control parameter according to the second sampling signal to calibrate the equalizer circuit, wherein a voltage value of the first reference signal is different from a voltage value of the second reference signal.

Abstract: A data writing method, a memory controlling circuit unit and a memory storage device are provided. The method includes: obtaining a data; encoding a plurality of sub-data in the data to obtain a plurality of first error checking and correction codes respectively corresponding to the plurality of sub-data; writing the plurality of sub-data and the plurality of first error checking and correction codes into a first physical programming unit; encoding the plurality of sub-data to obtain a second error checking and correction code; and writing the second error checking and correction code into a second physical programming unit.

Abstract: A data writing method for a rewritable non-volatile memory module is provided according to embodiments of the disclosure. The method includes: writing first-type data into a first physical unit at a first write speed; and writing second-type data into a second physical unit at a second write speed. The first-type data is different from the second-type data, and the first write speed is different from the second write speed.

Abstract: A data writing method, a memory control circuit unit, and a memory storage apparatus are provided. The method includes: receiving a write command from a host system; and determining whether to write a data corresponding to the write command into a first area or a second area according to a write amplification factor of the first area, where if it is determined to write the data into the second area, copying the written data to the first area after writing the data.

Abstract: A memory control method for a rewritable non-volatile memory module is provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. The method includes: maintaining first management information for identifying a first management unit in the rewritable non-volatile memory module; collecting first valid data from the first management unit according to the first management information without reading first mapping information from the rewritable non-volatile memory module in a data merge operation, and the first mapping information includes logical-to-physical mapping information related to the first valid data; and storing the collected first valid data into a recycling unit.

Abstract: A command transmitting method, a memory control circuit unit and a memory storage device are provided. The method includes: transmitting a plurality of command sequences and a state read command sequence to a memory interface coupled to a rewritable non-volatile memory module; and storing the plurality of command sequences by the memory interface, and transmitting the state read command sequence to the rewritable non-volatile memory module.

Abstract: A valid data merging method, a memory control circuit unit, and a memory storage device are provided. The method includes: obtaining a first system parameter corresponding to a first region and a second system parameter corresponding to a second region; determining whether the first system parameter is greater than the second system parameter; selecting a third physical erasing unit from the second region preferentially and performing a valid data merging operation by using the third physical erasing unit when the first system parameter is greater than the second system parameter; and selecting a fourth physical erasing unit from the first region preferentially and performing the valid data merging operation by using the fourth physical erasing unit when the first system parameter is not greater than the second system parameter.

Abstract: A decoding method, a memory storage device and a memory controlling circuit unit are provided. The method includes: receiving a read command sequence for reading a plurality of bits from the memory cells; calculating a first count value of a first value and a second count value of a second value in the bits; and adjusting a decoding parameter corresponding to the bits to a specific decoding parameter according to the first count value and the second count value, and performing a decoding operation according to the specific decoding parameter, where the adjusted decoding parameter affects a probability that the bits are considered as an error bit in the decoding operation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a decoding method, a memory controlling circuit unit, and a memory storage device. The decoding method includes: receiving a plurality of commands; reading a first physical programming unit to obtain a plurality of first data respectively by using a plurality of first reading voltage groups of a plurality of reading voltage groups based on a first read command of the plurality of commands and executing a first decoding operation in each of the plurality of first data, wherein a number of the plurality of first reading voltage groups is less than a number of the plurality of reading voltage groups; and executing other commands being different from the first read command of the plurality of commands when unsuccessfully executing the first decoding operation for each of the plurality of first data.

Abstract: A memory control method is disclosed. The method includes: determining a mode for reading first data in a first management unit as a first mode or a second mode according to a data dispersion degree of the first data; reading the first data from the first management unit according to a physical distribution of the first data if the mode for reading the first data is determined as the first mode; and reading the first data from the first management unit according to a logical distribution of the first data if the mode for reading the first data is determined as the second mode. Furthermore, a memory storage device and a memory control circuit unit are also disclosed.