Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for treating products containing wood fibers to provide protection against wood destroying organisms and fire, and resistance against leaching of the preservative from the wood by water in exposed environments such as exterior applications. The methods involve applying to a substrate a first aqueous composition containing a boron compound, a source of zinc, and ammonia, followed by application of a second aqueous composition containing an alkali metal silicate. The compositions may be applied by vacuum and/or pressure treatment or dip treatment under atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for treating products containing wood fibers to provide protection against wood destroying organisms and fire, and resistance against leaching of the preservative from the wood fibers by water in exposed environments such as exterior applications. The methods involve applying to a substrate an aqueous preservative composition containing a boron compound, a source of zinc, an aqueous silicate, a source of alkalinity, and an amino acid. The compositions may be applied by vacuum and/or pressure treatment or dip treatment under atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for treating products containing wood fibers to provide protection against wood destroying organisms and fire, and resistance against leaching of the preservative from the wood by water in exposed environments such as exterior applications. The methods involve applying to a substrate a first aqueous composition containing a boron compound, a source of zinc, and ammonia, followed by application of a second aqueous composition containing an alkali metal silicate. The compositions may be applied by vacuum and/or pressure treatment or dip treatment under atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A silica xerogel, a process for making it, and a process for using it to reduce chill haze in beer includes incorporation in the xerogel of one or more alkali metals, optionally in combination with one or more alkaline earth metals. The pH of the xerogel is between 8.0 and 10.5, preferably between 8.5 and 10.0.

Abstract: A silica xerogel, a process for making it, and a process for using it to reduce chill haze in beer includes incorporation in the xerogel of one or more alkali metals, optionally in combination with one or more alkaline earth metals. The pH of the xerogel is between 8.0 and 10.5, preferably between 8.5 and 10.0.

Abstract: Molecular sieves are prepared by forming a reaction mixture slurry, spray drying the reaction mixture slurry to form particles, and heating the spray dried reaction mixture at a temperature and pressure sufficient to cause crystallization of the molecular sieve. The reaction mixture contains an organic templating agent capable of forming the molecular sieve. The template may be added to the reaction mixture either by adding all of the template prior to spray drying, or by adding a portion of the template prior to spray drying with the remainder being added after spray drying.

Abstract: Glass formulations, and a method of converting such glass formulations to glass beads having a refractive index of at least 1.59 and a high level of retroreflectivity, are provided. The methods and formulations provide beads also having high levels of resistance to degradation by environmental exposure.

Abstract: A method for making a silica supported catalyst involves impregnating a silica component with a catalytic metal using an aqueous, alkaline bath before drying. More specifically, the method involves forming and washing a silica component, such as a silica gel or a co-gel, for example a silica-zirconia co-gel. Then, the washed silica component is contacted with the alkaline bath to effect the impregnation with the catalytic metal, such as cesium, to form an activated silica component. Subsequently, the activated silica component is dried to form the catalyst. The resulting catalysts demonstrate good mechanical strength.

Abstract: A zeolite of the faujasite structure having a silica to alumina molar ratio (bulk) of greater than about 13, a unit cell size in the range of from 24.10 to 24.40 Å, and a surface area of at least about 875 m2/g as measured by the BET method and ASTM D4365-95 with nitrogen adsorption at p/po values of 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04, is prepared by a combination of hydrothermal and dealumination techniques, and finds use as, for example, an adsorbent for polar and non-polar materials.

Abstract: A zeolite A or an A/X mixture having an LCC>70 g liquid/100 g zeolite (hydrated) and a cold water CER>200 mg CaCO3/gram anhydrous zeolite (hydrated). The zeolite product may have a crystal size of 0.1-0.7 microns, a bulk density of 0.19-0.37 g/ml, and a median particle size of 1-5 microns. A process for making zeolite A or A/X mixtures is also claimed, including mixing a sodium silicate solution, a sodium aluminate solution, and an amorphous aluminosilicate initiator gel in a mixing vessel to create an aluminosilicate synthesis gel, and crystallizing the aluminosilicate synthesis gel to form zeolite crystals. The sodium aluminate solution may be added gradually to at least the sodium silicate solution at a rate of about 1-5% of the total batch alumina per minute, and/or a percentage of the total batch alumina may be added as alumina trihydrate (ATH) powder.

Abstract: An adsorbent removes certain undesirable components from beverages, such as beer, and has a low beverage soluble iron (BSI) content. These undesirable components include contaminants which cause chill haze. The adsorbent includes two components, a silica component and a polyphosphate sequestering agent component, such as sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). The process for using the adsorbent involves first contacting a beverage with an adsorbent to adsorb at least a portion of the undesirable components then separating the adsorbent from the beverage. The adsorbent may be formed by one of two methods or a combination of both. The first method involves adding the polyphosphate sequestering agent to a reactant, such as a sodium or potassium silicate solution, prior to or during the gelation stage. A second method involves adding the polyphosphate sequestering agent to the water wash after a hydrogel is formed.

Abstract: A hydrophobic zeolite is prepared having high Hydrophobicity Index number by calcining a zeolite with steam under turbulent condition with respect to flow pattern of the zeolite and at a temperature within the range of 650-1000° C.

Abstract: The present invention describes halogenated polymer resins stabilized with one or more co-stabilizers, at least one co-stabilizer comprising a synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate of the formula M2/nO.Al2O3.ySiO2.wH2O, in which M is a charge balancing cation, n is the valence of M and is 1 or 2, y is the number of moles of SiO2 per mole of Al2O3, and is 1.85 to 15 with a preferred range of about 2 to 5, and w is the moles of water of hydration per molecule of said aluminosilicate, wherein said aluminosilicate has a mean crystallite size in the range of about 0.01 &mgr;m to about 1 &mgr;m and a mean particle size in the range of about 0.1 to 10 &mgr;m. Also described is a method for stabilizing halogenated polymers such as PVC and CPVC by incorporating said aluminosilicate into a formulation thereof. A zeolite process improvement for creating a dehydrated zeolite that does not substantially rehydrate is also described.

Abstract: A process and composition for removing trace contaminants from glyceride oils utilizes a metal-substituted silica xerogel having a pH of at least 7.5 to adsorb at least a portion of the contaminants. The process of the invention includes contacting a glyceride oil with such an adsorbent and then separating the adsorbent from the contaminant-depleted glyceride oil, for example, by filtration. The composition of the present invention includes a metal-substituted silica xerogel having a pH of at least 7.5 and an organic acid blended with the xerogel. Preferably, the organic acid is citric acid. Contaminants which can be removed from glyceride oils during the refinement of such oils by the adsorbent include phospholipids, soaps, detrimental metals, and chlorophyll.

Abstract: A particle size classifier in which feed material composed of product and overs moves downwardly through a separator unit by the action of negative pressures created by a first air blower associated with the collection of product and a second air blower associated with the collection of overs. As the feed material moves downwardly, the product and the overs are separated with the product passing from within a screen unit to outside the screen unit and the screen unit preventing passage of the overs. Blowback air, applied to the screen unit from the outside cleans the cylindrical screen unit to permit continued passage of product through the screen unit.

Abstract: A method for preparing a silica supported, &agr;-olefin polymerization catalyst includes the steps of treating a silica support with an organosilane compound, contacting the silylated silica support with a transition metal compound to form an intermediate, then contacting the resulting intermediate with an alkylmagnesium alkoxide to form the catalyst. The transition metal compound is either a metal chloride or a metal chloroalkoxide, and the transition metal is selected from titanium, vanadium, and zirconium. The alkylmagnesium alkoxide may be selected from butylethylmagnesium butoxide, butylethylmagnesium 2-ethylhexoxide, butyloctylmagnesium ethoxide, or butylmagnesium propoxide. The process steps may be carried out in the presence of an aliphatic organic solvent, such as heptane, with a slurry of solids in the solvent being formed during the process steps.

Abstract: A method for purifying commercial alkali metal silicate solutions involves passing the alkali metal silicate solution through a nanofiltration device having a membrane with a molecular weight cutoff of between about 400 to about 3,000 daltons. Preferably, the molecular weight cutoff is between about 400 and about 1,000 daltons and, more preferably, between about 400 and about 800 daltons. In this way, a large portion of impurities in alkali metal silicate solutions, which tend to become associated with higher molecular weight silicates, can be removed. A pressure differential may be used to drive the solution across the device, from which a permeate is withdrawn as a purified alkali metal silicate solution. The retentate from the device is preferably recycled to the feed alkali metal silicate solution to form a mixture, and the mixture is introduced to the nanofiltration device.

Abstract: The present invention describes halogenated polymer resins stabilized with a stabilizer comprising a synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate of the formula M.sub.2/n O.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.ySiO.sub.2.wH.sub.2 O, in which M is a charge balancing cation, n is the valence of M and is 1 or 2, y is the number of moles of SiO.sub.2 per mole of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and is 1.85 to 15 with a preferred range of about 2 to 5, and w is the moles of water of hydration per molecule of said aluminosilicate, wherein said aluminosilicate has a mean crystallite size in the range of about 0.01 .mu.m to about 1 .mu.m and a mean particle size in the range of about 0.1 to 10 .mu.m. Also described is a method for stabilizing halogenated polymers such as PVC and CPVC by incorporating said aluminosilicate into a formulation thereof.

Abstract: A catalyst having a high pore volume, high surface area porous silica support and a non-metallocene, Ziegler-Natta catalytic component incorporated on the silica support is provided for the production of polyolefins from .alpha.-olefins. The porous silica support is made up of silica gel particles having an average surface area of about 600 to about 800 m.sup.2 /g of silica and an average pore volume of about 2.5 to about 4.0 ml/g of silica. Preferably, the silica particles have an average surface area of about 650 to about 750 m.sup.2 /g of silica and an average pore volume of about 2.75 to about 3.25 ml/g of silica. Even more preferably, the silica particles have an average surface area of about 700 m.sup.2 /g of silica and an average pore volume of about 3.0 ml/g of silica. The catalytic component comprises a complex product of a transition metal halide and a metal alkyl which excludes cyclopentadienyl rings.

Abstract: Ferrierite is prepared by a method that provides extremely pure crystalline material. The method consists of preparing a mixture of silica, alumina, alkali metal and pyridine of a certain composition and heating said mixture to form the crystals. The SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and OH.sup.- /SiO.sub.2 are controlled to insure preparation of high SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio, high surface area and high purity ferrierite. An improved olefin skeletal isomerization catalyst is prepared from a high silica to alumina ratio, high surface area and high purity ferrierite.