Abstract: Active or functional materials such as adsorbents, catalysts, defoamers and the like are combined with inert low density particles, preferably hollow microspheres, to provide a functional material of controlled density. This product is introduced into a liquid with a somewhat higher density under agitation for a time sufficient to accomplish the desired function. Then agitation is stopped and the spent product floats to provide easy separation.
Abstract: A method of formless underwater casting of cement is disclosed. The method involves the addition of silicate to water in which a structure bound with Portland cement or high-alumina cement is to be cast. The cementitious mixture as a slurry is then poured into the water to form a structure. The silicate and cementitious mixture can be placed in the water at the same time using concentric nozzle systems.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 8, 1987
Date of Patent:
February 14, 1989
Assignee:
PQ Corporation
Inventors:
Richard H. Reifsnyder, Robert W. Spencer, Robert A. Brennan
Abstract: Combinations of silica gel and magnesium silicate have been found to be effective agents to prevent the formation of haze in beer. Said haze, often called chill haze, is prevented by contacting the ruh beer with the combination to remove some or all of the components that react to form the haze. The spent combination is removed from the beer in the usual manner.
Abstract: The components of chill haze in beer can be removed by contacting said beer with a combination of silica hydrogel and partially hydrophobic adsorbent(s) for a time sufficient to complete adsorption of the components and removing said adsorbents from the beer.
Abstract: Zeolite of a small controlled particle size has been found to be a pigment component to be used with TiO.sub.2 in papermaking. Zeolite A wherein the sodium has been at least partially replaced with calcium and/or hydronium ion is widely useful with TiO.sub.2 in papermaking.
Abstract: Various type A zeolites can be combined with thermoplastic materials to provide antiblock and improved optical properties to films or sheets of said thermoplastic. The zeolites are of less than full hydration, and at least a portion of the sodium is replaced with multivalent ions such as calcium and magnesium. The zeolites can also be acid treated to provide zeolites that contain hydronium ions.
Abstract: A self-dressing mounting beam for slicing wafers from ingots of various materials, especially semiconductors, is described. The mounting beam is a composite material comprising an organic polymer, particles of abrasive and hollow microspheres. The ingot is mounted on the beam and sliced using an inside diameter saw. The saw penetrates the mounting beam as well as the ingot, so that the self-dressing feature is realized with each pass of the blade.
Abstract: Water-based explosives that use siliceous boron-containing microspheres as sensitizing agents are stabilized by adding multivalent metal ions to the explosives. Zinc salts are especially useful.
Abstract: A combination of two distinct amorphous silicas, one having a moisture content of 30% or greater and one having a moisture content of below 30%, and each further characterized by particular properties of surface area, pore volume, pore size and particle size, is used to chillproof beer (as well as other fermented or unfermented beverages) by removing chill haze precursors therefrom.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 16, 1984
Date of Patent:
January 13, 1987
Assignees:
J. E. Siebel Sons' Company, Inc., PQ Corporation
Abstract: The components of chill haze in beer can be removed by contacting said beer with a combination of silica hydrogel and gelatin for a time sufficient to complete adsorption of the components and removing said adsorbents from the beer.
Abstract: Self-warming personal care products such as lotions, creams and pastes can be prepared using Zeolite A that contains both sodium and potassium.
Abstract: Porous granules that contain separate particles of alkali metal silicate and zeolite are stable and are efficient ion exchangers in aqueous effluents and/or solutions. Said granules are heated to provide the stability required so that even though some silicate may dissolve when the granules are exposed to water, the zeolite does not disperse throughout the water.
Abstract: Inorganic chill-proofing and other agents that are used to process stable beer often contain metals such as iron and copper that are soluble in beer or other beverages. A small addition of magnesium silicate added to said chill-proofing agents, particularly silica hydrogel, substantially averts metal contamination in the beer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 3, 1984
Date of Patent:
January 7, 1986
Assignee:
PQ Corporation
Inventors:
John R. McLaughlin, Elliot P. Hertzenberg
Abstract: Hollow microspheres of reduced surface energy and reactivity and of improved packing and sphericity are prepared by simultaneously forming said microspheres and reacting them with an organosilicon compound. The microspheres are prepared by spray drying a solution of alkali metal silicate and a "polysalt." The organosilicon is present as the microspheres are formed, penetrates and reacts to form a shell consisting of a silicate, polysalt and the organosilicon compound. The resulting product is more discrete, more free-flowing, has better packaging characteristics, improved packing factor and improved filler properties when compared to prior-art microspheres.
Abstract: Alkali metal silicates and zeolites can be agglomerated to form granules that are of particular value in detergents. These agglomerates are formed when hydrated alkali metal silicate particles are tumbled with hydrated zeolites of small particle size while moisture and then heat are introduced to achieve granulation. The product is a free-flowing granular material has numerous desirable characteristics for detergents.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 3, 1983
Date of Patent:
July 9, 1985
Assignee:
PQ Corporation
Inventors:
Thomas C. Cambell, Howard S. Sherry, George C. Schweiker, James S. Falcone, Jr., Robert H. Sams, deceased
Abstract: Polymers that are stable under aqueous conditions of high ionic strength are combined with non-fused, silicate based microspheres that are modified with multivalent metals but not washed or dried, said microspheres being present as filters.
Abstract: Inorganic chill-proofing and other agents that are used to process stable beer often contain metals such as iron and copper that are soluble in beer or other beverages. A small addition of magnesium silicate added to said chill-proofing agents, particularly silica hydrogel, substantially averts metal contamination in the beer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 6, 1983
Date of Patent:
April 2, 1985
Assignee:
PQ Corporation
Inventors:
John R. McLaughlin, Elliot P. Hertzenberg
Abstract: Forming discrete bodies such as briquettes of glass forming raw materials is often advantageous in melting such materials to form said glasses. Such discrete bodies are formed by combining the particulate raw materials with a liquid binder and compressing the combination. This process is improved by using a dilute silicate solution as the liquid binder and by adding the maximum amount of the silicate solution to the raw materials that still provides a free-flowing dry appearing material. This amount of silicate solution results in a maximum crush strength when the discrete bodies are prepared.
Abstract: More perfect, less porous hollow microspheres can be prepared by spray-drying dispersions of alkali metal silicate and "polysalt" that contain certain organic liquids. The organics are water-miscible and have boiling points of 100.degree. C. or more. The solvent is added just prior to spray drying and the resulting product has fewer cracks and/or holes.