Abstract: A method for communication transmission includes the steps of: performing sub-frame transmission in accordance with a first communication standard and pausing sub-frame transmission in accordance with a second communication standard in a first communication period; performing a sub-frame uplink operation in accordance with the second communication standard and pausing a sub-frame uplink operation in accordance with the first communication standard in a second communication period; and performing a sub-frame downlink operation in accordance with the second communication standard and pausing a sub-frame downlink operation in accordance with the first communication standard in a third communication period. The transmission band of the first communication standard overlaps, at least partially, the transmission band of the second communication standard.

Abstract: Method of determining a total HF concentration metric in an environment including measuring an uncorrected HF concentration metric in the environment based on a first infrared absorption measurement at a wavelength corresponding to a vibrational frequency of a non-hydrogen bonded gas phase HF molecule; determining an ambient H2O concentration metric in the environment available for reaction with the non-hydrogen bonded gas phase HF molecules at or about the time of obtaining the first infrared absorption measurement; calculating a HF hydrate concentration metric in the environment based on the uncorrected HF concentration metric, the ambient H2O concentration metric and a reaction equilibrium relationship between the non-hydrogen bonded gas phase HF molecule and the HF hydrate; and determining the total HF concentration metric in the environment based on the uncorrected HF concentration metric and an amount of HF determined by the HF hydrate concentration metric.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing an F-function in a SEED encryption system includes: an arithmetic operation masking conversion unit for converting a logical operation mask value obtained by performing a logical operation of a SEED F-function input value and a random mask value into an arithmetic operation mask value; and a masking G-function unit for taking the arithmetic operation mask value from the arithmetic operation masking conversion unit as an input and producing an arithmetic operation output.

Abstract: Self-compatible heavy oil streams are produced from converted and/or desulfurized fractions. In a preferred embodiment, an incompatibility stream is added to the converted and/or desulfurized stream to reduce the solubility number of the stream. After using a water wash to remove incompatible material, a lighter fraction is removed from the stream to increase the solubility number.

Abstract: A level transition determination circuit includes a multi-phase clock generator, an oversampling unit, and a state detection circuit. The multi-phase clock generator is used for receiving an input clock signal and generating S×N clock signals, in which S and N are integers. Each clock signal is synchronized to the input clock signal and has a different delay time. The oversampling unit is used for performing N-times oversampling on M bit periods of the serial input data according to the clock signals, so as to generate M×N sampled values in parallel during the M bit periods. The state detection circuit is used for receiving (M×N)+1 sampled values and generating N detection signals by detecting level transitions between adjacent sampled values of the (M×N)+1 sampled values and the level transition results.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of broadcasting and receiving a neighboring base station advertisement message in a wideband wireless access system and a handover method using the same. In the present invention, a base station broadcasts a neighboring base station advertisement message including information that indicates that frequency overlay is supported in neighboring base stations to terminals. The terminal confirms whether frequency overlay is supported in the neighboring base stations included in the neighboring base station advertisement message, and can perform handover to a frequency overlay supporting base station as a destination base station.

Abstract: Provided is a data transmission method of a plurality of sending nodes in a sensor network. In the data transmission method, data is generated to be transmitted to a receiving node, respectively. Headers of the generated data are transmitted to the receiving node, respectively, in response to a Wake-up Notification Message (WNM) from the receiving node. A Grant Notification Message (GNM) for selecting one of the plurality of sending nodes is received from the receiving node. The plurality of sending nodes transmit a payload of the generated data according to the GNM, or switch into sleep mode without data transmission.

Abstract: Improved resistance to temperature-related degradation or deformation in a wafer-supporting chuck is provided by at least one shielding member that physically and/or thermally shields chuck components from effects of elevated temperature processing fluids.

Abstract: Coaxial micronozzles are disclosed. Embodiments of the present disclosure include coaxial micronozzles with center-body geometries to exploit pressure thrust. Some embodiemnts include a generally cylindrical centerbody extending through at least a portion of the flowpath and extending into the exit so as to form a generally annular throat, wherein the microthruster is adapted and configured such that the Reynolds number through the throat is less than about one thousand. Some embodiments show a potential threefold increase in specific impulse under vacuum and near vacuum conditions.

Abstract: A composition is described for topical application comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, at least one complex composed of a naphthoic acid derivative of formula (I), salts and esters thereof: and of at least one cyclodextrin, said soluble molecular complex obtained by the technology of dense fluids under pressure.

Abstract: Disclosed are a signal processing method using a code cycle, a correlator, and a software signal receiver. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a signal processing method of a satellite navigation signal, including: a frequency generating step generating a predetermined frequency component for removing a frequency component of sample data; a code generating step generating a predetermined code component for removing a code component of the sample data and increasing a sample count when the predetermined code component is generated; and a correlation value generating step, if the sample count is equal to a count per unit time, generating a correlation value between the generated predetermined frequency component and the generated predetermined code component by reading a sample data block.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for requesting, generating and distributing a service-specific traffic encryption key in a wireless portable Internet system, an apparatus for the same, and a protocol configuration method for the same. In the present invention, a subscriber station sends a Key Request message for requesting a service-specific traffic encryption key to the base station using a PKM-REQ MAC message, and a base station analyzes the Key Request message to generate the requested service-specific traffic encryption key. Subsequently, the base station sends a Key Reply message, including the generated service-specific traffic encryption key, to the subscriber station using a PKM-RSP MAC message. If the base station fails to generate the key, the base station sends a Key Reject message, including a reason for the failure, to the subscriber station.

Abstract: Provided are an optical switch device having a simple light path and capable of achieving high speed switching, and a method of manufacturing the optical switch device. The optical switch device comprises one or more first optical waveguides extending in a first direction, one or more second optical waveguides connected to the first optical waveguides in a second direction crossing the first direction, and one or more switching parts configured to control light transmitted in the first direction within the first optical waveguide connected with the second waveguide, to selectively reflect the light to the second waveguide extending in the second direction.

Abstract: A computing device for motion detection in a system capable of detecting feature points of an object of interest is disclosed. The computing device includes a vector forming unit to form a plurality of vectors associated with a set of the feature points and form a vector set based on the vectors, a posture identifying unit to identify a match of a posture in a database based on the vector set, a motion similarity unit to identify a set of predetermined postures in the database based on the matched posture and an immediately previous matched posture, and a motion identifying unit to identify a predetermined motion in the database based on the set of predetermined postures.

Abstract: A transparent speaker is suitable for being disposed on a display panel. The transparent speaker includes a transparent membrane, a transparent electrode plate, and spacers. Each transparent electrode plate has a plurality of openings. The display panel includes a plurality of pixels. The pixels emit optical signals. A Moire spatial period of the optical signals is less than 600 ?m after the optical signals pass through the transparent speaker. When the transparent speaker is disposed on the display panel, a user is able to watch an image on the display panel through the transparent speaker without being interfered by a Moire.

Abstract: A scalable engine having multiple datapaths, each of which is a unique multi-function floating point pipeline capable of performing a four component dot product on data in a single pass through the datapath, which allows matrix transformations to be computed in an efficient manner, with a high data throughput and without substantially increasing the cost and amount of hardware required to implement the pipeline.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-molding permanent agent and a method for proceeding free-rod and free-band type permanent, more particularly to a self-molding permanent agent comprising (a) a reducing composition containing a reducing agent reducing a disulfide bond of cystine on the hair and a molding stimulant spontaneously molding to fix a hair design; (b) a molding composition inducing to mold after reacting with the molding stimulant; and (c) a softening composition releasing the action of a molding stimulant, and a method for pressing a free-rod and free-band type permanent, which overcomes a disadvantage in the conventional method for pressing a permanent that needs to wear a curling device such as rods for a permanent (perm rod) or rubber band and improves to apply a wave set without a hair-curling device for a short time, since it has a self-molding feature.

Abstract: Methods useful for conducting payment transactions wirelessly, such as at point-of-sale locations. In one embodiment, the mobile user apparatus is a cellular-enabled mobile device that includes a short-range passive radio frequency transceiver that when interrogated by a reader at the point-of-sale, issues a reply including information relating to an account of the user of the mobile apparatus that is to be charged for the payment. In one variant, the mobile user apparatus is further configured to instantiate a user interface window on its display such as for e.g., entry of a password.

Abstract: Standard ribbon bonds are utilized as clamp-like mechanical fasteners to attach an IC die in a “flip-chip” orientation to a support structure (e.g., a package base substrate or printed circuit board). Electrical connections between the support structure and the IC die are achieved by curved micro-springs that extend through an air-gap region separating the upper structure surface and the active surface of the IC die. The micro-springs have an anchor portion fixedly attached to one of the support structure and the IC die, and a free (tip) end that is in nonattached contact with an associated contact pad disposed on the other of the support structure and the IC die. Once the IC die is placed on the support structure, the ribbon bonds are formed between the support structure and the IC die using conventional wedge bonder, but the ribbon bonds connected to the non-active surface of the IC die.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving data using a low-density parity check (LDPC) coding scheme in a communication system. The method includes generating a multi-user data packet containing data to be transmitted to a plurality of users, encoding the multi-user data packet as a BCC and an LDPC code, and transmitting the encoded multi-user data packet to the plurality of users. In the method, the encoding of the multi-user data packet encodes MPDU subframes corresponding to each of the plurality of users in the multi-user data packet as the LDPC code, and calculates information on a length in LDPC encoding, corresponding to the encoding of the multi-user data packet as the LDPC code.