Abstract: A method of detecting if a relay is present in a PEPS system for a vehicle is provided. The PEPS system includes a plurality of predefined subzones within one or more vehicle inclusion zones and the method includes the steps of: (a) transmitting a challenge signal including an LF telegram and CW signals from one or more antennas associated with the vehicle to a key fob, the CW signals being measured by the key fob; and (b) determining if CW signals measured by the key fob meet predetermined magnetic field strength values associated with one or more subzones from a plurality of predefined subzones, the predefined subzones being derived to accept the magnetic field distributions at localised positions within a valid inclusion zone and reject magnetic field distributions generated by a relay at a relay transmitter.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for classifying whether an input signal, which comprises image and/or audio data, is anomalous or not with respect to a second data distribution using an anomaly classifier. The method includes: providing the input signal to the anomaly classifier; in the anomaly classifier, providing the input signal to a reference detector and a second detector; obtaining a reference value from the reference detector based on the input signal, the reference value characterizing the likelihood of the input signal to belong to a reference data distribution; obtaining a second value from the second detector based on the input signal, the second value characterizing the likelihood of the input signal to belong to the second data distribution; and providing an output signal, which characterizes a classification of the input signal as anomalous or not based on a comparison of the reference value and the second value.

Abstract: A system for determining a distance between a camera and a hitch ball of a vehicle. The system includes a camera configured to be mounted on a vehicle and an electronic processor connected to the camera. The electronic processor is configured to determine a first position and a second position associated with a point on a trailer, determine an angle of rotation between the first position and the second position, and using the first position, the second position, and the angle of rotation, determine a null space of a matrix. In one example, the matrix is A = [ 1 0 0 - cu xo cl x 0 1 0 - cu y ? 0 cl y 0 0 0 cu z ? 0 - cl z 0 0 1 - cu z ? 0 cu z ? 1 ? cu x ? 1 cl x - cos ? ? sin ? ? 1 0 0 ] and the null space of the matrix includes a value of a distance (dl) between the camera and the hitch ball.

Abstract: A method is for operating a hand-held power tool that includes an electric motor. The method includes determining a signal of an operating parameter of the electric motor; determining an application class at least partly on the basis of the signal of the operating parameter; and providing comparative information at least partly on the basis of the application class including (i) providing at least one model-signal form, and (ii) providing a threshold value for correspondence. The model-signal form can be assigned to an established state in the progress of the work performed by the hand-held power tool. The method further includes comparing the signal of the operating parameter with the model-signal form and determining a correspondence evaluation from the comparison. The correspondence evaluation is at least partly based on the threshold value for correspondence.

Abstract: A method and a device, including a pedal-operated vehicle. The method includes detecting a particular riding situation and consequently operating the auxiliary drive unit situated on the vehicle, longer than in a normal riding situation, without the driver correspondingly detecting the angular motion of the pedals.

Abstract: A driver assistance system for motor vehicles. The system includes a sensor device for detecting the traffic surroundings, a detection module for detecting potential pedestrians based on the data of the sensor device, a plausibility check module for assessing, based on predefined criteria, the probability that a detected potential pedestrian is a real pedestrian, and a warning module for triggering counter-measures in the case of an impending collision with the real pedestrian. The plausibility check module is configured to recognize, based on the data of the sensor device, pedestrian-related traffic infrastructure devices, and to carry out the plausibility check, taking a spatial relationship between the potential pedestrian and the traffic infrastructure device into consideration.

Abstract: Methods and systems for evaluating robustness of vehicle diagnostics and monitoring. One system includes a memory, a communication interface, and an electronic processor. The electronic processor is configured to access diagnostic event data of a vehicle system. The electronic processor is also configured to determine a RQ variable for the current operation cycle based on a set of maximum debounce levels included in the diagnostic event data and a failure threshold. The electronic processor is also configured to store, in the memory, the RQ variable as RQ data at an end of the current operation cycle. The electronic processor is also configured to transmit, via the communication interface, the RQ data for an external robustness evaluation. The electronic processor is also configured to receive, via the communication interface, an update to the failure threshold based on the external robustness evaluation.

Abstract: A vehicular system includes a body panel having an aperture and a radar unit at least partially aligned with the aperture. The radar unit includes a housing encapsulating a printed circuit board operable to generate radar waves. The housing includes a first wall through which the radar waves are directed. The first wall of the housing is visible within the aperture and the body panel does not extend across the first wall.

Abstract: A testing apparatus for testing electrical components and/or conductor track structures. The testing apparatus includes: a multiplicity of testing locations, each receiving an electrical component and/or a conductor track structure; a selection device for selecting one of the testing locations; electrical lines disposed in rows and electrical lines disposed in columns for the supply of an alternating voltage to the component or structure, situated at the selected testing location; Z diodes for the electrical connection of the respective component and/or structure at the respective testing location via one of the Z diodes to one of the rows of electrical lines; a signal generator developed to generate a test signal that has a voltage signal as the sum of a square wave signal and a wave-shaped signal; and an electromigration device for applying a direct voltage signal to the components and/or structures to bring about electromigration in the components and/or structures.

Abstract: A radar sensor having at least one antenna structure and at least one coupling structure, which is designed to couple substrate waves out of an antenna substrate used as a carrier for the antenna structure and the coupling structure, and to emit them as coupled waves into an emission region. The radar sensor has an absorber which is situated in the emission region in order to absorb the coupled waves.

Abstract: A housing element of a battery is disclosed, wherein the housing element (1) is designed to be connected to a further housing element so as to form a common interior space designed for receiving a plurality of battery cells of a battery module, wherein the housing element (1) forms a temperature-control structure (2) on a first side (10) and a covering element (3) is connected to the housing element (1) in such a way that the covering element (3) delimits a flow duct (4), through which temperature-control fluid can flow, in a fluid-tight manner and the temperature-control structure (2) is designed such that the temperature-control fluid can flow around it, wherein furthermore a first element (5) of a battery controller is arranged on the covering element (3) in a thermally conductive manner.

Abstract: A method for producing a wafer connection between a first and a second wafer. The method includes providing a first and second material for forming a eutectic alloy, providing a first wafer having a receiving structure for a die structure, filling the receiving structure with the first material, providing a second wafer having a die structure, the second material being situated on the die structure, providing a stop structure on the first and/or second wafer, so that when the two wafers are joined, a defined stop is provided, heating the first and second material at least to the eutectic temperature of the eutectic alloy, joining the first and second wafer so that the die structure is at least partly introduced into the receiving structure, the stop structure, the receiving structure, the die structure.

Abstract: A method for simulating a technical system. Time series are obtained with the aid of a simulation model of the system, variable values being assigned to at least one epistemic parameter of the simulation model, at least one measurement series is obtained by corresponding measurements on the system, for each value of the epistemic parameter, a real-value error measure of the time series obtained for this value with respect to the measurement series and a distribution function of the error measure are calculated, and for the simulation, that value is used, for which the distribution function has the smallest distance to a Heaviside function.

Abstract: A method for operating a processing unit, in which a multiplicity of processes are carried out, which together access a resource according to a predefined resource distribution. The method includes a determination of an instantaneous actual processing time of at least one of the multiplicity of processes during an execution of the at least one of the multiplicity of processes, within which the at least one of the multiplicity of processes is processed; a comparison of the actual processing time with a setpoint processing time assigned to the at least one of the multiplicity of processes and/or with a sum of the assigned setpoint processing time and a processing time extension assigned to the at least one of the multiplicity of processes; and an adaptation of the predefined resource distribution as a function of a result of this comparison.

Abstract: A solder paste includes a first solder alloy powder in an amount ranging from 30% to 95% by weight. The first solder alloy powder includes a first solder alloy with a solidus temperature of 200° C. to 260° C. The first solder alloy includes an Sn—Cu alloy or an Sn—Cu—Ag alloy. The solder paste further includes a second solder alloy powder in an amount ranging from 5% to 70% by weight, and a solder flux. The second solder alloy powder includes a second solder alloy with a solidus temperature below 250° C. The solder paste has a variable melting point. In multiple reflow soldering, a remelting of the solder paste is inhibited under different temperature conditions so that no functional failure occurs during assembly and/or packaging of PCBs or electronic devices due to melting of solder.

Abstract: A method for detecting an obstacle in front of a vehicle using a radar sensor. In the method, the radar sensor monitors a monitoring area in front of the vehicle, a classification of an object detected by the radar sensor in the monitoring area being performed, the monitoring area being divided into monitoring subareas and a first classification rule being used for classification for a first monitoring subarea and a second classification rule being used for classification for a second monitoring subarea.

Abstract: An AI system includes an input interface configured to receive input data from at least one user, and a blocker module configured (i) to detect the received input data is an attack input data, (ii) to manipulate output data of the blocker module, and (iii) to send the output data from the blocker module to the at least one user. The AI system further includes an AI module configured to process the input data received by the blocker module and to generate output data corresponding to the input data. The AI system also includes a blocker notification module configured to transmit a notification to the owner of the AI system on detecting an attack input data, and an output interface configured to send the generated output data to the at least one user.

Abstract: A method for operating a vehicle electrical system of a vehicle, configured in an architecture in which at least one central vehicle computer is assigned to a computational layer, intermediate control devices are assigned to an intermediate layer, and execution units are assigned to an execution layer. The at least one central vehicle computer contains datasets of at least the intermediate control devices linked to the relevant central vehicle computer. Each dataset interfaces are described for all execution units which are connected communicatively indirectly or directly via the second communication system with the relevant intermediate control device. In each central vehicle computer, an intermediate application is executed via which, using a relevant dataset, access is configured of applications executed on the relevant central vehicle computer via the relevant intermediate control device to execution units linked thereto.