Abstract: A modular photovoltaic (PV) array system includes a PV array installed onto a fleet vehicle such as a trailer, bus etc., a host control system into which a plurality of fleet vehicles can connect to collectively generate electricity, and a subscriber system which collectively tracks energy generation and allocates respective contributions to the system.

Abstract: A manifold for deflecting a flow of a medium flowing through the manifold from an inlet side of the manifold to an outlet side of the manifold includes: the inlet side; a wall at least partially defining and thereby restricting a flow volume of the manifold; and a diffuser section arranged centrally in the flow volume on the inlet side, the diffuser being a single component with the wall.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a railway-vehicle power conversion apparatus includes: a switching element; a capacitor connected to the switching element; and a gate substrate that supplies a drive signal to the switching element, in which the capacitor is held by a capacitor holding frame, and the gate substrate is attached and secured to the capacitor.

Abstract: Provided are a battery pack with increased space efficiency of an installation site and a vehicle including the battery pack. The battery pack includes at least one battery module; and a cooling unit having a refrigerant passage configured to allow a refrigerant to flow therein, having a plate shape such that the at least one battery module is mounted thereon, and including at least one of a convex part in which a part on which the battery module is not mounted is convex in an upper direction, and a concave part in which another part on which the battery module is not mounted is concave in a lower direction.

Abstract: A notching apparatus and method for an electrode substrate can improve the conventional problem of contamination of an electrode current collector by forming a punching oil supply hole in a punch and applying the punching oil to a wall surface of the punch through the punching oil supply hole, and can also discharge foreign objects generated when punching an electrode through the hole formed in the punch. The notching apparatus for the electrode substrate includes a die member on which the electrode substrate is disposed; and a punch member provided to be spaced above the die member and provided with a punch that moves up and down toward the die member. A wall surface of the punch is provided with one or more punching oil supply holes for applying the punching oil to an outer surface of the punch.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for pre-detecting a defective porous polymer substrate for a separator, including selecting a porous polymer substrate having a plurality of pores; observing the selected porous polymer substrate with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to obtain an image of the porous polymer substrate; quantifying the average value of pore distribution index (PDI); correcting the quantified average value of pore distribution index to obtain the corrected average value of pore distribution index; determining whether or not the corrected average value of pore distribution index is 60 a.u. (arbitrary unit) or less; and classifying the porous polymer substrate as a good product, when the corrected average value of pore distribution index is determined to be 60 a.u. or less, and classifying the porous polymer substrate as a defective product, when the corrected average value of pore distribution index is determined to be larger than 60 a.u.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery cell diagnosing apparatus, which includes a current measuring unit configured to measure a current of a battery cell; a voltage sensing unit configured to sense a cell voltage of the battery cell; and a first control unit configured to transmit first information of the battery cell including data obtained from the current measuring unit and the voltage sensing unit to an external device, receive second information including diagnostic information of the battery cell obtained based on the first information from the external device, and diagnose an abnormal state of the battery cell based on the first information and the second information.

Abstract: A data analytics system has been developed for conveyor systems that helps to monitor items along conveyors as well as assist in monitoring the status or health of equipment of the conveyor. Tracking items in conveying systems within a facility can be difficult. Conveyed items can become jammed, lost, or even fall off the conveyor. Based on input from motors and sensors along the conveyor, the data analytics system is able to detect lost or jammed items. With input from the sensors, the data analytics system is also configured to detect equipment wear and damage. The data analytic system further aggregates data from the various conveyor systems to generate statistics as well as other information that can be used for modeling and simulating the conveyor system. The aggregate data can be used to generate measures such as travel efficiency analytics for reporting purposes.

Abstract: A pouch sealing apparatus configured to seal a pouch for batteries includes an upper pouch and a lower pouch, the pouch being configured to receive an electrode assembly and an electrolytic solution. The pouch sealing apparatus includes a mounting unit configured to allow a pouch receiving portion to be seated thereon, a press roller configured to move the electrolytic solution into the pouch receiving portion while rolling from open ends of the upper pouch and the lower pouch toward the pouch receiving portion, and a sealing tool configured to seal parts of the upper pouch and the lower pouch to be sealed, wherein the press roller fuses the upper pouch and the lower pouch in contact with each other while being heated by a heating portion added to a part of the roller and rolling.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a secondary battery in which a negative electrode active material layer is formed on at least one surface of a current collector. The continuous adhesive force in the thickness direction of the negative electrode for the secondary battery is 30 gf/20 mm or more, and/or the breaking stress of the negative electrode is 3.6 N or more. The breaking stress is a value measured by pressing the negative electrode active material layer with a linear tip having a width of 2.5 mm and a sharp end at a speed of 10 ?m/s.

Abstract: An estimation system provides consumable use estimations, such as for ink or toner, in printing operations. The estimation system uses a classification-based consumable use process to estimate the consumable use. A print job is assigned a classification category according to an arbitrary job category selected for the print job and a job property defined for the print job using job settings. An estimate is provided using the classification category and the distribution of the consumable use for print jobs in the category. The estimate is adjusted by a consumable use adjustment factor that reflects the amount of ink or toner disposed of during container replacement or wasted during printing operations. Estimation system also uses a size-agnostic consumable use estimation process based on the average consumable use for a specified imageable unit area.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes i) mixing a lithium transition metal oxide and a carbon-based material having a density of 0.05 g/cc or less in a mechanofusion manner to form a positive electrode active material including a carbon coating layer, ii) dry mixing the positive electrode active material and a binder to form a dry mixture, and iii) applying the dry mixture on a positive electrode current collector. A positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery manufactured by the method is also provided.

Abstract: During a process of manufacturing a pouch case by forming a pouch film, an elongation rate can be measured by the color of an outer layer of the pouch film without separate sampling, and it can be determined whether or not elongation has occurred which causes a critical level in which a crack is about to occur or a defective level in which a crack is occurring. A method for manufacturing a pouch case of a secondary battery according to the present invention includes: stacking a metal layer above an inner layer and stacking an outer layer, which includes colored dye particles, above the metal layer, thereby producing a pouch film; forming the pouch film into a three-dimensional shape so that an electrode assembly is accommodated therein; and measuring an elongation rate of the pouch film through color of the outer layer.

Abstract: Provided are a negative electrode for a secondary battery having improved life characteristics, a negative electrode slurry and a method for manufacturing a negative electrode. The negative electrode for a secondary battery includes at least a graphite-based material and a silicon-based material, as a negative electrode active material, and a conductive material, wherein the graphite-based material includes a granulated product of artificial graphite with natural graphite, at least a part of natural graphite in the granulated product is exfoliated partially to form an exfoliated portion, and the exfoliated portion is in contact with the silicon-based material or another granulated product of artificial graphite with natural graphite, or forms a composite with the silicon-based material.

Abstract: A method of preparing a lithium secondary battery includes: (1) mixing a small particle lithium composite transition metal oxide having an average particle diameter (D50) of less than 7 ?m with a boron-containing raw material and performing a heat treatment, mixing a large particle lithium composite transition metal oxide having an average particle diameter (D50) of 8 ?m or more with a cobalt-containing raw material and a boron-containing raw material and performing a heat treatment, mixing the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material to prepare a positive electrode material having a bimodal particle diameter distribution, preparing a positive electrode by coating the positive electrode material on a positive electrode collector, and assembling the positive electrode, a negative electrode including a silicon-based negative electrode active material, and a separator.

Abstract: A roller detection system has been developed in which a controller card is configured to automatically detect the type of motorized drive roller being used in the conveyor system. With this automatic detection capability, the controller card is able to automatically control the motorized drive roller without the need for manual reprogramming or reconfiguration. For instance, the controller card can detect whether the motorized drive roller is controlled through an analog or digital signal as well as the voltage required to control or power the motorized drive roller, and based on this roller type detection, the controller card is automatically configured to control the motorized drive roller. The system is further adapted to facilitate a sensor-less or photoeye-less zero pressure (ZP) conveyor system. The controller card is configured to support a secondary power source that allows the motorized drive roller settings during e-stop and other power loss conditions.

Abstract: A controller for an aftertreatment system coupled to an engine is configured to: in response to receiving an engine shutdown signal, determine an estimated amount of ammonia stored on a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst included in the aftertreatment system; in response to determining that the estimated amount of ammonia stored in the SCR catalyst is less than an ammonia storage threshold, cause flow of a heated gas towards the SCR catalyst; cause insertion of a reductant into an exhaust gas flowing through the aftertreatment system; and in response to determining that the estimated amount of ammonia stored in the SCR catalyst is equal to or greater than the ammonia storage threshold, cause shutdown of the engine.

Abstract: A cryogenic freezer features a dewar defining a storage space. A reservoir is positioned within or adjacent to the storage space and is configured to contain a cryogenic liquid with a headspace above the cryogenic liquid in a reservoir interior space that is sealed with respect to the storage space. A refrigeration module is in heat exchange relationship with the reservoir. A sensor is configured to determine a temperature or pressure within the reservoir. A system controller is connected to the sensor and the refrigeration module and configured so that the refrigeration module is adjusted to provide additional cooling to the reservoir when a pressure or temperature within the headspace increases.

Abstract: A method, a system, and an apparatus of certain embodiments are provided to recover water and carbon dioxide from combustion emissions. The recovery includes, among other things, electrolysis and carbon dioxide capture in a suitable solvent. The recovered water and carbon dioxide are subject to reaction, such as a catalytic methanation reaction, to generate at least methane.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a stator sleeve starts with wrapping a cylindrical mandrel with a heated prepreg tape using automated fiber placement. The prepreg tape has a continuous fiber reinforcement within a polymer matrix. Next, cool and remove the cylindrical mandrel from the wrapped prepreg tape resulting in an unfinished cylindrically shaped stator sleeve. Each end of the unfinished stator sleeve is trimmed. Next, abut a first and a second end ring respectively against a first and a second ends of the trimmed stator sleeve using a cylindrical fixture tool. The first and second end rings are the same material as the polymer matrix of the prepreg tape. Finally, laser welding or melt bonding the first and second rings to the first and second ends of the trimmed stator sleeve.