Abstract: A dual-mode switchable liquid-crystal window can control both radiant energy flow and privacy. The modes are selected by using different voltage frequencies. A dichroic dye is doped to enable modulation of transmission of the window. In the absence of an applied voltage, the window is transparent without haze. When a high-frequency (e.g., 1 kHz) voltage is applied, the liquid crystal and doped dye molecules inside the window reorient uniformly under dielectric interactions. The material becomes optically absorbing. The transmittance decreases, but the haze does not change. In this mode, the window can control radiant energy flow through the window. When a low-frequency (50 Hz) voltage is applied, the liquid crystal and doped dye molecules are switched into a micron-sized polydomain structure under flexoelectric interactions. The material becomes optically scattering and absorbing. The scenery behind the window is blocked. In this mode, privacy can be controlled.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are aspects of a method for producing hydrogen peroxide. The method may comprise exposing a substrate to light in the presence of an organic photocatalyst and oxygen, and optionally a photosensitizer to produce an oxidation product of the substrate and hydrogen peroxide. The reaction may be performed in water and in some aspects, the reaction oxidizes water to produce hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: The avirulent strain A257 of the bacterial rice pathogen Burkholderia glumae is an effective priming material to reduce or suppress major diseases in rice and other plants. Protection includes that against bacterial panicle blight, sheath blight, and narrow brown leaf spot. A mutant derivative of A257, A257?qsmR, significantly reduces the risk that the priming agent might potentially revert to wild-type pathogenicity.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds having a monoterpenoid and/or phenylpropanoid moiety and methods of their making and use as pesticidal compounds, such as herbicides.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula (16) and (17); and salts thereof, as well as compositions comprising such compounds and salts, complexes comprising such compounds and salts, and methods for treating cancer, inhibiting BMI1 expression, or treating Huntington's disease using such compounds, salts, and complexes. The compounds, salts, and complexes have potency, permeability, and oral bioavailability that make them particularly useful, for example, for the treatment of glioblastoma.

Abstract: Described herein are systems, methods, and apparatuses for actively and continually fine-tuning convolutional neural networks to reduce annotation requirements, in which the trained networks are then utilized in the context of medical imaging. The success of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in computer vision is largely attributable to the availability of massive annotated datasets, such as ImageNet and Places. However, it is tedious, laborious, and time consuming to create large annotated datasets, and demands costly, specialty-oriented skills. A novel method to naturally integrate active learning and transfer learning (fine-tuning) into a single framework is presented to dramatically reduce annotation cost, starting with a pre-trained CNN to seek “worthy” samples for annotation and gradually enhances the (fine-tuned) CNN via continual fine-tuning.

Abstract: An enhanced capture structure is disclosed, including a sorbent structure having a CO2 sorbent material. The capture structure also includes a plurality of barriers extending outward from the sorbent structure, each sized and positioned such that as an airflow passes along the sorbent structure, a high pressure region forms proximate the sorbent structure on a first side of the barrier facing into the airflow and a low pressure region forms proximate the sorbent structure on a second side of the barrier facing away from the airflow. The barriers on one side of the sorbent structure are staggered with respect to barriers on the other side such that a plurality of high and low pressure regions are formed, each high pressure region being formed opposite a low pressure region on the other side of the structure, creating a pressure differential that promotes CO2 mass transfer into the sorbent material via convection.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a device that includes a cavity formed by a plurality of rails, the plurality of rails connected to both a first support and a second support, each at predetermined intervals about a circumference of the first support and the second support; and at least one particle detection device operably connected to each rail of the plurality of rails. The disclosure is also directed to a scanner that includes the device, and a processor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a particle containing an inner liposomal vesicle (ILV) encapsulating a therapeutic agent; an outer liposomal vesicle (OLV) encapsulating the ILV; a membrane fusion-promoting agent; and a pH-altering agent. Also disclosed are methods of delivering a therapeutic agent to a subject comprising: a) providing a herein disclosed particle b) triggering ILV and OLV fusion; and c) releasing the therapeutic agent outside of the OLV. Also disclosed are methods for treating a disease in a subject in need thereof comprising: administering to a subject a herein disclosed particle. Also disclosed are methods to release insulin to an environment comprising increased glucose levels, the method comprising exposing to the environment a herein disclosed particle.

Abstract: A method of upcycling polymers to useful hydrocarbon materials. A catalyst with nanoparticles on a substrate selectively docks and cleaves longer hydrocarbon chains over shorter hydrocarbon chains. The catalyst includes metal nanoparticles in an order array on a substrate.

Abstract: Composite materials that include a phosphor and boron nitride particles. The composite materials may be scintillating materials. The boron nitride particles may be 10B enriched particles. Systems that include composite materials and a detector. Methods of detecting or blocking neutrons. Methods of manufacturing composite materials, including large-area composite materials.

Abstract: Disclosed are articles comprising substrate and graphene coating that are configured to support a sample for electron or optical microscopy. Also disclosed are methods of making the same and methods of using the same in imaging technology.

Abstract: Multi-stage distributed beamforming for distributed mosaic wireless networks is provided. Embodiments described herein present systems, devices, and methods that provide increased range, data rate, and robustness to interference and jamming. A distributed mosaic wireless network includes a transmitter, a receiver, and one or more distributed clusters of radios referred to herein as mosaics or relay mosaics. Each mosaic consists of several distributed, cooperative radio transceivers (e.g., mosaic nodes) that relay a signal sent by the transmitter towards the receiver. In some embodiments, a single-stage beamforming technique is implemented whereby the transmitter sends a signal to a first mosaic, which then relays this signal by beamforming to the receiver. In some embodiments, a multi-stage beamforming technique is implemented whereby the transmitter sends a signal to a first mosaic, which then relays this signal by beamforming to a second mosaic, which then relays this signal by beamforming to the receiver.

Abstract: Provided herein are nucleic acid-based nanoswitches that can detect specific nucleic acids and other analytes types by for example a simple gel electrophoresis readout. Binding of the target to the nanoswitches induces a conformation change from a linear, open conformation to a looped, closed conformation. These nanoswitches may be used in diagnostic assays such as nucleic acid-based diagnostic assays, to detect, measure and/or purify a variety of targets including low abundance targets.

Abstract: Various embodiments comprise systems, methods, architectures, mechanisms and apparatus for optical, radio frequency (RF), and/or acoustic data transmission by dividing each of one or more sequences of channel coded bits d into N blocks thereof, which are respectively spatially modulated (SM) with respective pilot sequences and mapped to constellations to provide thereby respective symbol streams, which are modulated in accordance with orthogonal signal division multiplexing (OSDM) to provide respective SM-OSDM signals, which are transmitted via optical sources, RF antennae, acoustic transducers, and the like during respective timeslots such that a receiver associated with a plurality of receiving devices may reconstruct the bitstream used to form the one or more sequences of channel coded bits d.

Abstract: A series of pyridinium compounds have a low reduction potential and a highly persistent radical state are generally 2,6-dialkyl-4-arylpyridinum compounds and are utilized as anolytes in redox flow, thin-film metal-organic hybrid and all-organic batteries. Associated routes for synthesizing these pyridinium compounds from pyrylium intermediates are also disclosed.

Abstract: Various embodiments comprise systems, methods, architectures, mechanisms and apparatus providing secure physical layer (PHY) transmission via metamaterial (MTM) leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) using directed modulation (DM) transmitters such as for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and non-contiguous (NC) OFDM transmissions, where the DM functionalities exploit the property of time-modulated arrays (TMAs) realized in 1-D and 2-D spaces through the MTM-LWAs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a loading apparatus for restoration and/or cryopreservation of biological materials, a system comprising the same, as well as a method for using the loading apparatus and/or system to restore and/or cryopreserve biological materials. The disclosed loading apparatus and method for using the same focuses on utilizing cycles of applying and removing a load (e.g., tension and/or compression pressure) applied to the biological material that facilitate free-swelling of the biological material back to its natural state without the applied load, wherein the free-swelling promotes dispersion of a cryopreservation agent, therapeutic agent, restoration agent, or a combination thereof throughout the surface area of the biological material.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to assays and reagents for the detection of drug-resistance mutations in Mycobacterium. tuberculosis or of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Abstract: Isothiocyanate (ITC)-androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor conjugates for apoptosis induction in cancer cells are described. The conjugates can have electrophilicity blocked with an agent such as N-acetyl cysteine. When administered in combination with a glutathione (GSH)-depleting agent, the conjugates result in ferroptosis of cancer cells.