Abstract: Species of human-derived bacteria belonging to the Clostridia class have been shown to induce accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the colon and suppress immune functions. Pharmaceutical compositions containing these bacteria can be used to prevent and treat immune-mediated diseases such as autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: Antimicrobial micro- or nanoparticles comprising a chlorhexidine salt and an anion, and a method of making the antimicrobial micro- or nanoparticle, are disclosed. The anion in the salt is selected form oxoanions and partially hydrogenated oxoanions of phosphorus, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur.

Abstract: Bi-functional cobalt-containing catalysts useful for making stereospecific compounds and compositions, along with methods of making, and uses thereof in the syntheses of optically pure ?-lactones from aldehydes and ketene are described. Precursors, intermediates, compositions, and particular features of the use if the compositions, such as high enantiomeric selectivity, high yield and low mole percent of catalyst useful are provided.

Abstract: Described herein is the finding that hyaluronan antagonists that inhibit hyaluronan signaling are capable of inhibiting airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). The present disclosure provides a method of preventing or reducing AHR in a subject suffering from or at risk for AHR by administering a hyaluronan antagonist. Also provided is a method of treating an airway disease or disorder in a subject by administering a hyaluronan antagonist. Hyaluronan antagonists include, for example, heparosan and hyaluronan oligosaccharides (oHAs). In some embodiments, the hyaluronan antagonist is administered locally to the airway, such as with an inhaler or nebulizer.

Abstract: According to one aspect, the subject matter described herein includes a method for efficient computer forensic analysis and data access control. The method includes steps occurring from within a virtualization layer separate from a guest operating system. The steps include monitoring disk accesses by the guest operating system to a region of interest on a disk from which data is copied into memory. The steps also include tracking subsequent accesses to the memory resident data where the memory resident data is copied from its initial location to other memory locations or over a network. The steps further include linking operations made by the guest operating system associated with the disk accesses with operations made by the guest operating system associated with the memory accessed.

Abstract: An inkjet-based process for programmable deposition of thin films of a user-defined profile. Drops of a pre-cursor liquid organic material are dispensed at various locations on a substrate by a multi-jet. A superstrate is held in a roll-to-roll configuration such that a first contact of the drops is made by a front side of the superstrate thereby initiating a liquid front that spreads outward merging with the drops to form a contiguous film captured between the substrate and the superstrate. A non-equilibrium transient state of the superstrate, the contiguous film and the substrate then occurs after a duration of time. The contiguous film is then cured to crosslink it into a polymer. The superstrate is then separated from the polymer thereby leaving a polymer film on the substrate. In such a manner, non-uniform films can be formed without significant material wastage in an inexpensive manner.

Abstract: Combination therapy for cancer makes use of HSP27 inhibitors and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors or etiolates.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the preparation of a carrier liquid which comprises the steps of: (I) preparing a single phase solution comprising: (a) a solvent or a mixture of miscible solvents, (b) a liquid carrier material, which is soluble in solvent (a), and (c) a dopant material which is also soluble in solvent (a); (II) cooling (preferably freezing) the single phase solution produced in step (I) to a temperature at which at least both the solvent (a) and carrier material (b) become solid; and (III) removing solid solvent (a) from the cooled (frozen) single phase solution in vapor form, such that the remaining cooled (frozen) carrier material (b) and dopant material (c) are returned to ambient temperature thus providing a product of liquid carrier material (b) having dopant material (c) dispersed therein.

Abstract: Species of human-derived bacteria belonging to the Clostridia class have been shown to induce accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the colon and suppress immune functions. Pharmaceutical compositions containing these bacteria can be used to prevent and treat immune-mediated diseases such as autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: Provided according to some embodiments of the invention are methods of forming co-condensed silica particles. In some embodiments, the methods include reacting a thiol-containing silane and a backbone alkoxysilane in a reaction solution that comprises water to form thiol-functionalized co-condensed silica particles, wherein the thiol-functionalized co-condensed silica particles include a polysiloxane matrix and at least some of thiol groups are present within the polysiloxane matrix; and reacting the thiol-functionalized co-condensed silica particles with a nitrosating agent to provide the S-nitrosothiol-functionalized co-condensed silica particles. In some embodiments, provided are S-nitrosothiol-functionalized co-condensed silica particles.

Abstract: A metamaterial simultaneously exhibiting a relative effective permeability and a relative effective permittivity below unity over a wide bandwidth, including: one of a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional arrangement of unit cells, wherein each of the unit cells has a magnetic dipole moment and an electric dipole moment that are dependent upon one or more of an incident magnetic field and an incident electric field; and a coupling mechanism operable for coupling one or more of the incident magnetic field and the incident electric field to one or more devices. Optionally, the coupling mechanism includes one or more of a split ring and a pair of parallel plates coupled by one of a rod and a wire. The one or more devices are non-Foster elements.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for inducing expression of Ube3a in a cell by contacting the cell with a topoisomerase inhibitor. Particular embodiments include a method of treating a genomic imprinting disorder, such as Angelman syndrome, in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a topoisomerase inhibitor.

Abstract: Processes for decrosslinking crosslinked plastic and devulcanizing vulcanized rubber include advancing such materials through single screw or twin screw extruders including special ultrasonic treatment zones wherein threadless shaft (single screw) or shafts (twin screw) rotate under an ultrasonic horn having a distal end aligned with the shaft or shafts and being shaped complimentary thereto. Special arcuate (single screw) or double-arcuate ultrasonic treatment flow paths confine the materials to flow under the horn where the material is subjected to ultrasonic waves to decrosslink the material, in the case of crosslinked plastic, or devulcanize the material, in the case of vulcanized rubber, with the extrudate leaving the die as a continuous stream or rope as is typical of virgin plastic or rubber.

Abstract: An imaging and display system for guiding medical interventions includes a wearable display, such as a goggle display, for viewing by a user. The display presents a composite, or combined image that includes pre-operative surgical navigation images, intraoperative images, and in-vivo microscopy images or sensing data. The pre-operative images are acquired from scanners, such as MRI and CT scanners, while the intra-operative images are acquired in real-time from a camera system carried by the goggle display for imaging the patient being treated so as to acquire intraoperative images, such as fluorescence images. A probe, such as a microscopy probe or a sensing probe, is used to acquire in-vivo imaging/sensing data from the patient. Additionally, the intra-operative and in-vivo images are acquired using tracking and registration techniques to align them with the pre-operative image and the patient to form a composite image for display by the goggle display.

Abstract: Presented herein are methods for preventing or treating tumor growth, tumor metastasis and/or abnormal proliferation of tumor cells in a subject, wherein the methods involve administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising methylnaltrexone. Also presented herein are methods for inhibiting or slowing the growth of a tumor in a subject, wherein the methods include selecting a subject who is a suitable candidate for treatment with methylnaltrexone, and administering a composition comprising methylnaltrexone to the subject.

Abstract: A concise method of producing nylon 11, 12, or 13 precursors from oleic acid or an ester of oleic acid is described. The method involves cross-metathesis reactions as the key C—C bond formation step. Subsequent steps are provided to convert the metathesis product to the corresponding nylon precursors. Also provided are the products of the method.

Abstract: Particles comprising a branched polymer and either a block copolymer or a linear dendritic hybrid represent a category of useful materials. They may be used in for example drug delivery applications. They may be prepared by a method comprising the steps of: dissolving the branched polymer and block copolymer or linear dendritic hybrid, and optionally other component(s), in a solvent to form a solution; adding said solution to a different liquid; and removing said solvent to form a dispersion of co-precipitated particles.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a modular staged simulator and a process of simulating medical trauma and maladies for the purpose of training or certifying individuals including medical professionals. More specifically, this disclosure relates to ex vivo training exercises as opposed to traditional forms of training using intact cadavers, in vivo surgery on animal subjects; and supervised apprenticeship performing surgery on human subjects with trauma or maladies under the watch of a skilled medical practitioner.

Abstract: Described is a unique class of antiviral molecule that can be applied to control and eliminate HIV infection in patients using myeloablation therapies and replenishment with transformed bone marrow stem cells programmed to express the antiviral molecule. These anti-viral molecules target the HIV genome in a highly conserved domain, and when expressed in cells prior to infection will cause the cell to die upon infection with HIV. Cell death insures no proliferation of new virus. Reconstituting the immune system with cells expressing these antivirals prevents re-establishment of HIV infection from reservoirs in the re-established lymphocyte and macrophage populations. Over time, reservoirs will be depleted entirely, effectively eliminating the virus. In effect, this new type of antiviral can be used to cure HIV infections.

Abstract: Mass spectrometry systems include an ionizer, mass analyzer and the detector, with a high pressure chamber holding the mass analyzer and a separate chamber holding the detector to allow for differential background pressures where P2<P1 which generates gas flow through an unsealed, sealed or partially sealed ion trap and enhances detected signal relative to when P2=P1.