Abstract: Electrolyte compositions for batteries such as lithium ion and lithium air batteries are described. In some embodiments the compositions are liquid compositions comprising (a) a homogeneous solvent system, said solvent system comprising a perfluropolyether (PFPE) and polyethylene oxide (PEO); and (b) an alkali metal salt dissolved in said solvent system. In other embodiments the compositions are solid electrolyte compositions comprising: (a) a solid polymer, said polymer comprising a crosslinked product of a crosslinkable perfluropolyether (PFPE) and a crosslinkable polyethylene oxide (PEO); and (b) an alkali metal ion salt dissolved in said polymer. Batteries containing such compositions as electrolytes are also described.

Abstract: A semiconductor device production method where separate semiconductor chips are stacked on a semiconductor substrate having a main surface on which multiple semiconductor chips including semiconductor integrated circuits are formed, the semiconductor chips in different layers are connected to each other to enable signal transmission, and a structure formed thereby is separated into multiple stacks of the semiconductor chips. The method includes a first step of forming an insulating layer on the main surface of the semiconductor substrate; a second step of stacking the separate semiconductor chips, which include the integrated semiconductor circuits on main surfaces thereof, via the insulating layer on the semiconductor chips formed on the semiconductor substrate such that opposite surfaces of the separate semiconductor chips opposite to the main surfaces face the insulating layer; and a third step of forming connecting parts that enable signal transmission between the semiconductor chips in different layers.

Abstract: Compound of Formula I: are described, along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, compositions containing the same, and methods of use thereof in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to nanometer scale lasers. In one aspect, a device includes a substrate, a line of metal disposed on the substrate, an insulating material disposed on the line of metal, and a line of semiconductor material disposed on the substrate and the insulating material. The line of semiconductor material overlaying the line of metal, disposed on the insulating material, forms a plasmonic cavity.

Abstract: The invention relates to the treatment of bacterial respiratory infections using the bacterially-originating antibiotics known as pyocins. In particular, the invention provides the use of S-type pyocins, administered by pulmonary administration, for the treatment of such infections.

Abstract: Provided are siRNA molecules that are particularly efficient in their ability to reduce transcription and expression of TNF or IL-1? in canine macrophage and synovial cells. The siRNA molecules demonstrate improved silencing of TNF or IL-1? as compared to siRNA molecules disclosed prior to the present invention. These properties are demonstrated in accepted experimental models of osteoarthritis, and particularly canine osteoarthritis. The siRNA molecules of the invention, may be employed in pharmaceutical compositions for use in the prevention and/or reduction of osteoarthritis in dogs. The inventors have found that encapsulation of the siRNAs in small PLGA microspheres confers surprisingly advantageous properties.

Abstract: A compound that can function as a Cyclophilin D can include a structure of Formula 1 or Formula 2 or Formula 3 or Formula 4 or Formula 5 or Formula 6 or Formula 7 or Formula 8, derivative thereof, prodrug thereof, salt thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, or having any chirality at any chiral center, or tautomer, polymorph, solvate, or combination thereof, as presented herein. The Cyclophilin D inhibitors can inhibit onset or treat neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease, or can be used for inhibiting progression or treating diabetes.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of promoting polyploidization of megakaryocytes and thereby producing highly polyploidized megakaryocytes, a method of efficiently producing platelets from polyploidized megakaryocytes, and the like. The present invention provides a method of producing polyploidized megakaryocytes comprising a step of forcing expression of an apoptosis suppressor gene in megakaryocytes before polyploidization and culturing the resulting cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved cardiac pacemakers and methods of use thereof. In particular the cardiac pacemakers are useful for normalizing heart rates over resting heart rates in order to condition the heart to improve overall cardiac output.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a surface-modified layer system comprising a substrate (2) and a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) (1) anchored to its surface. The SAM (1) is comprised by aryl or rigid alicyclic moiety species. The process comprises providing a polymorphic SAM (1) anchored to the substrate (2), and thermally treating (4) the SAM to change from a first to a second structural form thereof. The invention also provides a thermolithographic form of process in which the thermal treatment (4) is used to transfer a pattern (3) to the SAM (1), which is then developed.

Abstract: Electrophoresis device including: a first flow passage extending in a first direction and through which a sample and a buffer solution flow; a sample collecting part provided at an end portion of the first flow passage and configured to collect the sample; electrodes disposed at both sides of the first flow passage in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and configured to apply a voltage to the first flow passage in the second direction; second flow passages communicating with both sides of the first flow passage in the second direction, configured to accommodate the electrodes, and through which a second buffer solution flows; and partition walls fixed to communicating portions between the first and second flow passages with a predetermined bonding strength and configured to block movement of substances between the first and second flow passages. The partition walls are formed of a gel material having ion permeability.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of fabricating a diamond membrane. The method comprises providing a substrate and a support structure. The substrate comprises a diamond material having a first surface and the substrate further comprises a sub-surface layer that is positioned below the first surface and has a crystallographic structure that is different to that of the diamond material. The sub-surface layer is positioned to divide the diamond material into first and second regions wherein the first region is positioned between the first surface and the sub-surface layer. The support structure also comprises a diamond material and is connected to, and covers a portion of, the first surface of the substrate. The method further comprises selectively removing the second region of the diamond material from the substrate by etching away at least a portion of the sub-surface layer of the substrate.

Abstract: It was found that bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridium induce accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the colon. Moreover, the present inventors found that regulatory T cells (Treg cells) induced by from these bacteria suppressed proliferation of effector T-cells. From these findings, the present inventors found that the use of bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridium or a physiologically active substance derived therefrom made it possible to induce proliferation or accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and further to suppress immune functions.

Abstract: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) comprising photosensitizers are described. The MOFs can also include moieties capable of absorbing X-rays and/or scintillation. Optionally, the photo sensitizer or a derivative thereof can form a bridging ligand of the MOF. Further optionally, the MOF can comprise inorganic nanoparticles in the cavities or channels of the MOF or can be used in combination with an inorganic nanoparticle. Also described are methods of using MOFs and/or inorganic nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy or in X-ray induced photodynamic therapy, either with or without the co-administration of one or more immunotherapeutic agent and/or one or more chemotherapeutic agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electron beam (eBeam) resist composition, particularly an (eBeam) resist composition for use in the fabrication of integrated circuits. Such resist compositions include an anti-scattering compound which minimises scattering and secondary electron generation, thus affording extremely high resolution lithography. Such high resolution lithography may be used directly upon silicon-based substrates to produce integrated circuits, or may alternatively be used to produce a lithographic mask (e.g. photomask) to facilitate high-resolution lithography.

Abstract: It was found that bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridium induce accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the colon. Moreover, the present inventors found that regulatory T cells (Treg cells) induced by from these bacteria suppressed proliferation of effector T-cells. From these findings, the present inventors found that the use of bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridium or a physiologically active substance derived therefrom made it possible to induce proliferation or accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and further to suppress immune functions.

Abstract: Provided is an incretin, or analogue thereof, an incretin receptor agonist, an incretin enhancer, or any combination thereof, for use in a method of reducing elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in a subject. Methods of reducing elevated ICP in a subject may comprise administering an incretin, or analogue thereof, an incretin receptor agonist, an incretin enhancer, or any combination thereof to the subject. The elevated ICP may be associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), secondary pseudotumour cerebri, hydrocephalus, normal pressure hydrocephalus, raised intracranial pressure secondary to a brain tumour, meningitis, brain trauma, brain injury, and venous sinus thrombosis.

Abstract: A variety of nanostructures are provided having a metal nanowire having a plurality of faces extending along a length of the nanowire, and a plurality of semiconductor nanorods forming two or more nanorod arrays, wherein each of the nanorod arrays is attached to a different surface of the nanowire. For example, in some embodiments, the nanostructure is a silver nanowire having a pentagonal cross section and five faces extending along the length of the nanowire, and metal oxide nanorods forming five nanorod arrays extending along each of the five faces of the silver nanowire. The nanostructures can demonstrate high temperature coefficients of resistance, and can be used in a variety of bolometric materials. In some embodiments, bolometric materials are provided including a plurality of the nanostructures deposited onto a surface of a substrate. Methods of making the nanostructures and bolometers are also provided.

Abstract: A flexible sensor for monitoring operating parameters, including pressure and temperature, of a flexible structure, such as a tire, provides electrodes and an active area that are formed of flexible materials. In particular, the active area may be formed from an elastomeric piezoresistive material, such as an ionic liquid-polymer. The flexible properties of the sensor allow it to be readily incorporated into the body of a tire during manufacture. This allows the operating parameters of the tire to be monitored, such as in real-time, while the tire is in operation. Furthermore, the sensor is formed of materials that allow the sensor to be formed using additive manufacturing techniques, such as 3D (three-dimensional) printing. As such, the sensor may be 3D printed together with another structure, such as a tire tread, so that the sensor is integrated therein.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for delegating computations of resource-constrained mobile clients, in which multiple servers interact to construct an encrypted program representing a garbled circuit. Implementing the garbled circuit, garbled outputs are returned. Such implementations ensure privacy of each mobile client's data, even if an executing server has been colluded. The garbled circuit provides secure cloud computing for mobile systems by incorporating cryptographically secure pseudo random number generation that enables a mobile client to efficiently retrieve a result of a computation, as well as verify that an evaluator actually performed the computation. Cloud computation and communication complexity are analyzed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system for mobile systems.