Abstract: Using a method and installation for separating acid components, dust and tar from hot gases of gasification installations, an economical method using a corresponding installation is to be created, which enables acid compounds HF, HCl, H2S, dust and tar to be reliably separated in the highest possible temperature range. The aim is achieved in that the media flow leaving the gasification at above 700° C. is fed with additives to a desulfurization process and subsequently to a combined cyclone 9 having associated filter cartridges 17 in a common vessel 8, and the gas is withdrawn for further use downstream of the filter cartridges.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of reducing emissions of byproduct gas when charging oven chambers of a battery of coking ovens, on the proviso that the oven chamber (1) to be charged is opened on the machine side (MS) of the battery of coking ovens, and a block of compressed coal (10) is introduced into the opened oven chamber (1). Byproduct gases released during introduction of the block of compressed coal (10) into the hot oven chamber (1), are discharged through a byproduct-gas manifold (11) attached to the oven chamber (1) and are then preferably freed of dust and incinerated. Crude gases formed in the closed oven chambers during coking are discharged through a crude-gas manifold (3) attached to the oven chambers (1) and are passed on for treatment by at least one gas scrubber.

Abstract: A method and a device for breaking up a fresh and hot coke charge in a receiving trough having mobile plate segments, the coke charge being conveyed to a quenching tower in the receiving trough of a flatbed transport car in which the coke charge is cooled down to ambient temperatures by mobile plate segments so that the coke structure is broken up and crevice-type cavities are formed in the compacted coke charge. These crevice-type cavities then allow an increased amount of water to flow into the interior of the coke charge during the subsequent quenching step, resulting in a high profitability of the method, a higher coke quality and a reduced burden on the environment due to reduced quenching times and lower water consumption. A device for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Process for removal of salts thermally non-regenerable in a temperature range from 0° C. to 200° C., from organic solvents in an aqueous solution by evaporation, the normal boiling point of organic solvents being higher than that of water, and by enriching the organic constituents existing in the solvent as well as the heat stable salts existing therein in a liquid phase forming by evaporation of water and a portion of the organic constituents of a first vessel, and discharging an evolving vaporous phase from the first vessel.

Abstract: A catalyst-coated support including a sheetlike support, a primer layer applied thereto and composed of nanoparticles composed of silicon oxide-comprising material, and at least one catalyst layer applied to the primer layer. The layers applied are notable for a particularly good adhesive bond strength and can be used particularly efficiently in heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase reactions, especially in microreactors.

Abstract: A synthesis gas (H2+CO) that comes from a gasifier is supposed to be used in more efficient and optimal manner, particularly for generating electricity, whereby then, CO2 that occurs at the same time is supposed to be passed to storage. This is achieved in that—the synthesis gas (H2+CO) and oxygen (O2) from an air separation system are combusted in a burner, and relaxed by way of a gas turbine (driving a generator), —CO2 is separated in the waste gas stream and passed to a compressor driven by the gas turbine, and—passed to CO2 storage as compressed CO2.

Abstract: With a device for influencing the flow, particularly in a horizontal connecting pipe (1) between a coal gasification reactor and a gas cooler/purifier, a solution is supposed to be created, whose task consists in being able to reduce or shut off the gas stream of a hot synthesis gas, if necessary, without being exposed to the great stresses caused by the corrosiveness and the high temperatures, while avoiding complicated valves or regulation devices. This is achieved by means of a Venturi constriction in the flow path of the gas in the pipe (1), as well as a flow cone (4a) positioned on a push rod (4) that is disposed centrally, whereby a connecting rod system (4b) that is guided to the outside is provided to move the push rod (4), whereby the connecting rod system (4b) that moves the push rod (4) is formed by a connecting rod arm guided in a dummy connector and a connecting rod arm guided out of the dummy connector (8) by way of a packed gland (6).

Abstract: An apparatus for the discharge of quenched or unquenched coke from a coke quenching car into a receiving device, providing that there is an extension of the pusher machine beside at least one coke-oven chamber, which is arranged in one line with the coke-oven chambers, and which is to be operated by the pusher machine, and that there is a receiving device behind the quenching car as seen from the coke-oven battery into which the coke can be pushed from the quenching car by the extension, the receiving device preferably being a wharf. A process for the discharge of the hot coke from a coke quenching car into a receiving device is also disclosed. Capacity bottlenecks of the quenching equipment are compensated so that the coke need not stay in the coke-oven chamber after the end of the coking process, or disturbances of the quenching equipment can be compensated temporarily.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the biological purification of coking plant wastewater that is loaded with nitrogen compounds, cyanides, phenols and sulphides. The coking plant wastewater, for removal of pollutants that inhibit a nitrification, is fed together with a biomass-containing stream of matter to a detoxification reactor that has a gas-treatment zone and a reaction zone. The feed mixture supplied to the detoxification reactor is exposed in the gas-treatment zone to a gaseous oxidizing agent. A stream of matter enriched with the oxidizing agent is fed to the reaction zone in which cyanides and other pollutants inhibiting the nitrification are biodegraded. A stream of matter is withdrawn from the reaction zone and returned to the detoxification reactor. In addition, a wastewater stream from the detoxification reactor is separated by a membrane filtration into a biomass-containing retentate stream and a purified permeate stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas of a coke oven, which has a plurality of coking chambers and heating walls, arranged between the coking chambers, with heating flues (12, 12?) for the indirect heating of the coking chambers. A combustible gas (16), which consists entirely or partially of coke oven gas, is burned in the heating flues (12, 12?), thereby producing an exhaust gas which contains nitrogen oxides. A reducing agent is fed to the exhaust gas at a temperature between 700° C. and 1100° C. and the proportion of nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas is reduced by a homogeneous gas reaction between the reducing agent and the nitrogen oxides. The exhaust gas is subsequently passed through a regenerator (4) for heat recovery.

Abstract: Improved reactors for catalytic, exothermic gas phase reactions with, as seen in the flow direction of a feed gas, which contains at least one oxidant and at least one component to be oxidized, an entry zone (1), a reaction zone (2) comprising at least one catalyst (4) and an exit zone (3) for the product gas are described. The reactors, at least in the area of the entry zone (1), have means, for example insulating jackets (6) and/or devices for the transport of cooling agents, which decrease the transport of heat produced in the reaction zone (2) into the entry zone (1) and thus decrease the risks of pre-ignition of the feed gas mixture employed or of the course of undesired side reactions in the entry zone (1) and/or wherein the inner walls of the reactor, at least in the area of the entry zone (1), are elaborated from inert material. The feed gas enters into the entry zone (1) as a homogeneous gas mixture with respect to its substance composition via one or more feed lines (30).

Abstract: A method is disclosed for collecting so-called residual coke from a coke oven chamber while the door of the coke oven chamber is being opened. A collecting device is moved up against a guide plate arranged under the door of the coke oven chamber before the door of the coke oven chamber is opened, and the coke that falls out of the coke oven chamber falls across the guide plate into a collecting device. The collecting device is moved to a horizontal position after the coke has been collected so that the upper edge of the collecting device is at the height of the bottom of the coke oven chamber. The push-out device of the coke oven operating machine moves over the collecting device between the suspensions so that the coke is pushed out of the collecting device back into the coke oven chamber.

Abstract: A method for removing high-boiling hydrocarbons from water-soluble solvent flows, wherein said solvent flows are produced in industrial processes which circulate a solvent as a part of the process, and the solvent must be periodically or permanently freed of high-boiling hydrocarbons which influence the quality or the desired properties of the solvent in an unwanted way, and water is added for carrying out the method in a phase separator, so that the high-boiling hydrocarbons are separated off because of their immiscibility with water, and then the water-miscible phase containing water and solvent is returned to the process. According to the invention, the proportion of high-boiling hydrocarbons in circulating solvents in an industrial process can be kept permanently low.

Abstract: A method for coking coals having high driving pressure properties in a “non-recovery” or “heat-recovery” coking oven, wherein a coking oven battery which is composed of coking oven chambers arranged side by side is used for cyclic coking of coal, and wherein an amount of coal preheated to a high temperature is admitted into the coking chamber that is to be filled at such a level that the driving pressure resulting from the coking can escape over the coke cake into the gas chamber, in such a manner that the coking oven chamber wall surrounding the coking oven chamber is relieved by the driving pressure resulting from the coking. Also disclosed is a device with which this method can be carried out.

Abstract: A cooling shield is to be made available, in particular within the pressure container, with conical regions for the exit of gas or slag, in a gasification reactor (1) for producing crude gas containing CO or H2, having a pressure container (2) and a reaction chamber (4) formed by a membrane wall (3) of cooling pipes, wherein an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the pressure container (2) and the membrane wall (3), wherein elements such as burners (17) or the like are provided, which elements horizontally pass through the pressure container wall in the membrane wall substantially on the same plane (18), wherein the suspension or connection between the cooling shield and pressure container (load removal) is optimized, while avoiding difference expansions. This is achieved in that, for removal of the load on the membrane wall (3), direct or indirect support takes place at the cooling inlet lines (5) or mixture outlet lines (14).

Abstract: A process for the removal of components to be separated from technical gases by way of an absorption and desorption processes using liquid absorbents, at least part of the laden solution leaving the absorption device being branched off before being heated and fed to the top of the heat transfer section. This laden part-stream being heated by the steam rising from the bottom part of the desorption device via heat exchange in the heat transfer section. The residual stream of cold, laden solution leaving the absorption device being pre-heated via heat exchange with the hot, regenerated solution leaving the desorption device, with the heat exchange being configured such that the total heat exchange surface required for the absorption and desorption process is reduced.

Abstract: A water distribution system in a gasification reactor for carrying out a slag-forming entrained flow process is disclosed having a water screen as a water distribution system with a concentric annular distributor used in conjunction with an axially symmetrical deflecting surface having a concavely curved cross-section. The annular distributor has a water intake and the annular distributor has openings for water to be discharged in jets directed onto the inside of the concavely curved deflecting surface. The water leaving the deflecting surface is conducted downward into the interior of the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an integrated process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons starting from a feed containing at least one fraction of biomass and optionally at least one fraction of another feed, said process comprising at least one pre-treatment step, a gasification step, a step for conditioning synthesis gas, a water scrubbing step, a step for eliminating acid gases, a final purification step, and a catalytic Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction step.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for reducing nitrosamines, formed in removal of CO2 from off-gases by means of an aqueous amine solution. A substream of the aqueous amine solution, loaded with nitrosamines, is branched off from a washing fluid circulation and is concentrated by evaporating water and low-boiling constituents. The concentrated amine solution is retained at the boiling point in a unit in which a liquid phase and a vapor phase are in contact to establish a vapor/fluid equilibrium between the phases. The vapor phase is irradiated with UV light, which decomposes nitrosamines entering the vapor phase. Following decomposition of nitrosamines, the concentrated amine solution is recycled to the washing fluid circulation for further use in the scrubber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coke oven of a non-recovery horizontal type of construction, known as a non-recovery or heat-recovery coke oven, in which the coke oven floor is made up of at least two layers and each layer is formed of the same or different silica materials, wherein the first layer, seen from the oven space, is formed from a solid refractory material and the second layer comprises a multiplicity of openings, gaps, apertures or the like, the gas spaces of these openings, gaps, apertures or the like being in communication with the gas space of the flue gas duct running under them.