Abstract: A method of starting up an autothermal reactor for the production of synthesis gas by reforming of hydrocarbon-containing feed gases in a reaction chamber in which oxidation reactions and reforming reactions are carried out, by feeding a hydrocarbon containing feed gas, steam and an oxidant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a system for operating a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, wherein a feed gas comprising CO and H2 from coal gasification (1) is desulfurized and subsequently fed into a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis as an input gas, wherein hydrocarbons are formed from carbonic oxides and hydrogen by catalytic reactions. The hydrocarbons are separated as liquid products (4), and a gas flow comprising CO and CO2 exiting the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis unit (3) is compressed and fed into a conversion stage, wherein CO and steam are transformed into H2 and CO2. In the method according to the invention, the gas exiting the conversion stage is fed back into the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis unit as a gas rich in H2, together with the desulfurized input gas, after the gas is prepared in that CO2 and/or further components other than H2 are removed.

Abstract: Process for operating a distillation column for the removal of water and lower-boiling components than 1,2-dichloroethane from 1,2-dichloroethane in which at least part of the heat from condensation of the aqueous vapors from the distillation column is used to concentrate caustic soda solution by evaporation; furthermore, at least part of the 1,2-dichloroethane formed when chlorine and ethylene react in a direct chlorination unit is used to heat said distillation column and can subsequently also be used as a heat transfer fluid to concentrate caustic soda solution by evaporation.

Abstract: A device for latching of horizontal coke oven chambers which is triggered by an auxiliary frame located on the coke oven chamber door is provided. The auxiliary frame is restrictively movable in vertical direction on the coke oven chamber door. During the outward movement, the auxiliary frame hits upwardly against limit stop cams firmly mounted on the oven door and transmitting the vertical traction force onto the coke oven chamber door. During the upward movement, the auxiliary frame actuates levers which are rotationally movable to an axis arranged orthogonally to the coke oven chamber and which are connected to a translatorily freely movable latch. On actuation of this lever, it pulls the latch from the latch take-up bearings mounted on the coke oven chamber door so that the coke oven chamber door is unlatched and opened. In an embodiment of the present invention, the coke oven chamber door can be arrested the open or closed position with a device suitable for this purpose.

Abstract: A porously coated, densely sintered ceramic membrane, which can be produced from a green membrane and subsequent sintering. The membrane is coated with ceramic material, which contains noble metals, which can be produced by application and subsequent thermal treatment. The noble metals are contained at a concentration of 2.5 to 5 mass percent.

Abstract: A coal-charging larry cart for lifting lids out of charging holes in the roof of a coke oven and for cleaning the charging-hole jambs has a lid lifter with a lift magnet and a jamb cleaner with a cleaning head. Respective travel frames are horizontally movable on rails on the cart in a first horizontal direction, and respective support frames inside the respective travel frames are each movable relative to the respective travel frame in a second horizontal direction transverse to the first direction. Respective carriages horizontally displaceable in the first direction on the support frames carry the support arms for horizontal movement of each of the support arms relative to the respective support frame between an operating position in which the lift magnet or the cleaning head is aligned with a charging hole in the roof of the coke oven and a rest position spaced from the charging hole.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for removing acid gases from a gas stream, in particular from a natural gas stream, synthesis gas stream or the like, wherein the acid gases are absorbed from the gas stream by at least one absorbent. The absorbent used is a mixture of a physical scrubbing agent, a chemical scrubbing agent and water. The absorbent comprises more than 60% by weight of the physical scrubbing medium, wherein the physical scrubbing medium used is a morpholine derivative and a chemical scrubbing agent based on at least one aliphatic amine compound which includes a polyethylene glycol substituted amine.

Abstract: A method of removing acid gases from raw gas is disclosed in which the raw gas is supplied to an absorption column where it is contacted with a physical absorption agent, having a boiling point lower than 100° C. at atmospheric pressure, under elevated operating pressure to load, the physical absorption agent with acid gases and usable gases and then the physical absorption agent loaded with acid gases and usable gases is driven from the absorption column at its sump while drawing off at the head of the absorption column a purified top gas containing up to a few ppm of acid-gas components. Following the absorption, the physical absorption agent undergoes stripping to remove usable gases, and regeneration to remove the acid gases as well as to provide a regenerated physical absorbent which may be used to treat additional raw gas.

Abstract: A device for regulating the chamber pressure of coking chambers of a coke-oven battery using adjustable iris diaphragms or iris nozzles at the ascending pipe elbow openings in the raw gas receiver. The gas stream flowing from the gas chamber of a coking chamber into the raw gas receiver can thus be regulated so that the pressure in the gas chamber of the coking chamber can be controlled. A method is also disclosed for regulating the gas stream which flows out the gas chamber of a coking chamber, wherein the pressure in the coking chamber is regulated by the control, and wherein also the liquid stream is regulated which serves to wash out the coking gases from the raw gas stream of the coking chamber.

Abstract: A device for increasing the interior surface of a compact coke charge in a receiving trough, which device increases the interior surface of a coke cake or coke leaving the coking chamber by mechanically breaking apart or roughening it, resulting in a break-up of the coke structure and the formation of crevice-type cavities in the compacted coke charge so that an increased amount of water can flow into the interior of the coke charge during the subsequent quenching step through these crevices, resulting in a high profitability of the method due to reduced quenching times and lower water consumption. A method for increasing the interior surface of a compact coke charge in a receiving trough, which serves to break up a fresh coke cake or to roughen the coke in order to reduce water consumption during quenching is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the biological purification of coking plant wastewater that is loaded with nitrogen compounds, cyanides, phenols and sulphides. The coking plant wastewater, for removal of pollutants that inhibit a nitrification, is fed together with a biomass-containing stream of matter to a detoxification reactor that has a gas-treatment zone and a reaction zone. The feed mixture supplied to the detoxification reactor is exposed in the gas-treatment zone to a gaseous oxidizing agent. A stream of matter enriched with the oxidizing agent is fed to the reaction zone in which cyanides and other pollutants inhibiting the nitrification are biodegraded. A stream of matter is withdrawn from the reaction zone and returned to the detoxification reactor. In addition, a wastewater stream from the detoxification reactor is separated by a membrane filtration into a biomass-containing retentate stream and a purified permeate stream.

Abstract: An apparatus (1) and method for drying polymer powders is described. The apparatus has an inlet (2) and an outlet (3) for the polymer powder, heat registers (5) installed in the interior space (4) and lines (7) for a heated gas (6a) for drying the polymer powder. The lines open into the interior space (4) and are connected to heat exchangers (9) for heating gas (6). The heat exchangers (9) are connected to a plant for the preparation of 1,2-dichloroethane (15) and/or for the preparation of vinyl chloride from 1,2-dichloroethane so that thermal energy from the plant can be utilized for heating the gas (6). The method comprises treatment of a polymer powder with a heated gas (6a) in the drying apparatus (1).

Abstract: Coal compacts which are suitable for coking in coke oven chambers are prepared by pressing and compacting coal in a pressing device having a design which shapes the surface of the coal compacts to provide higher surface area. Already compacted coal blocks can be pressed to generate the surface shape. The resulting coal compacts exhibit significantly improved properties during the coking process, resulting in improved gas and heat exchange. A device for compacting coal preferably contains a plate provided with shaping elements on the pressing surface.

Abstract: A process and device is provided for the generation and purification of a crude gas for synthesis gas generation from a solid carbon-containing fuel by a coal gasification reaction. The fuel is mixed with a quenching medium directly after generation to dissipate the internal energy and is then brought into contact with a compound or a sorbent in the mixing chamber or downstream of the mixing chamber such that the acidic or basic or sulphur-containing or halogen-containing constituents contained in the crude gas and originating from the gasification reaction are absorbed. A solids-separating device removes the solid or solidified constituents from the system. The sorbent can be regenerated and returned to the process such that an energy-intensive cooling of the crude gas is not required for its purification and the synthesis gas thus purified can be used in a subsequent process without any further heating.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device and a method for feeding primary combustion air for the combustion of coke oven gas into a coking chamber of a coke oven of the non-recovery or heat recovery type, the coke oven is provided with openings in the oven chamber through which the oven chamber can be charged with primary air, and heating flues in the oven chamber sole with openings through which the heating flues can be charged with secondary air, and downcomer-channels which allow for guiding partially burned gas for combustion with secondary air from the oven chamber into the heating flues, wherein in the oven wall above the door or in the upper door area there are one or more non-controlled openings comprised of a heat-proof material through which part of the primary air can be guided, and in the top area of the oven there are further controllable air feeder ducts conducting primary air through the oven top.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the metered removal of a fine to coarse-grained solid matter or a solid matter mixture from a storage container, comprising a device for forming a fluidized bed in the discharge region or in a metering chamber of the metering container, wherein fluidization that is as optimal as possible is to be created in the lower region of such a receiving or metering container while avoiding any additional systems, mechanical elements, or extensive installations. This is achieved according to the method in that a gas is additionally introduced in the region of the metering chamber bottom for forming a fluidized bed that loosens the solid matter, and a gas is introduced via swirl nozzles for bringing about the rotation of the fluidized bed.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for drying a gas by gradually releasing and condensing the moisture in various chambers of a column, different pressures and different temperatures thus being present in the chambers of the column. The gas to be dried is first fed into the bottom chamber, where the largest amount of the water contained in the gas is condensed, and the gas is then discharged from the bottom chamber via a nozzle. Subsequently the gas is cooled and fed into at least one more chamber located above the first chamber, where further moisture is condensed before the resulting condensate is fed via a pipe—preferably shaped like a siphon—into the bottom reservoir to prevent the gas from flowing from the chamber below into the chamber above. A process which enables a gas to be dried is also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for extracting styrene, having a polymerization quality, from pyrolysis benzol fractions containing styrene by means of extractive distillation. The pyrolysis benzol fraction is separated in a separating wall column in a C8-core fraction, a C7 fraction and a C9+-fraction, the obtained C8-core fraction is subjected to selective hydrogenation of the phenylacetylene C8H6 which it contains. Subsequently, the obtained C8-fraction undergoes extractive-distillative separation in a styrene fraction and a fraction which is low in styrene.

Abstract: A method of starting up an autothermal reactor for the production of synthesis gas by reforming of hydrocarbon-containing feed gases in a reaction chamber in which oxidation reactions and reforming reactions are carried out, by feeding a hydrocarbon containing feed gas, steam and an oxidant.

Abstract: An H2- and CO-containing synthesis gas is made by separating coke-oven gas from a coke-oven process into hydrogen and a residual gas stream containing hydrocarbons and obtaining a CO-rich synthesis-gas stream from a top gas of a blast furnace. The hydrogen separated from the coke-oven gas is fed into the CO-rich synthesis gas stream obtained from the top gas of a blast furnace to make the synthesis gas, and the hydrocarbon-containing residual gas stream is fed into the blast furnace as feedstock.