Abstract: A physical unclonable function (PUF) array includes a plurality of PUF transistor cells each of which includes at least one inverter. An input and an output of the at least one inverter are shorted to a first reference node. There is adjustment circuitry for adjusting a reference voltage of the first reference node, and measurement circuitry for measuring a trip point of the at least one inverter. If the trip point is close to the reference voltage then bits of the at least one inverter are defined as unstable.

Abstract: An integrated system that comprises a solar power subsystem, an absorption refrigeration subsystem to provide a cooling effect, a desalination subsystem to produce freshwater, an expander to generate shaft work and electricity, and also a reverse osmosis desalination subsystem to further produce freshwater, wherein the absorption refrigeration subsystem, the desalination subsystem, the expander, and the reverse osmosis desalination subsystem are powered by a solar energy that is supplied by the solar power subsystem.

Abstract: Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) is used in a method to identify cancerous lesions having genetic mutations and treat them accordingly. Also, CTP values are used to distinguish primary versus metastatic lesions. For example, pulmonary blood flow is identified as one biomarker for EGFR and KRAS genetic mutations in lung cancer, lesion having dual-input pulmonary blood flow exceeding a threshold (e.g., 103 ml/min/100 mL with sensitivity 100% and specificity 62%) are determined as having mutations. The CTP values are calculated using a lesion region-of-interest (ROI) placed to include the area of maximum perfusion intensity within the lesion bass and surrounding blush, while avoiding regions of perfusion inhomogeneity (e.g., due to necrosis). In certain implementations, instead of a binary determination, the method can generate probabilities associated with respective alternatives (e.g.

Abstract: A detecting method for blood is provided. The method includes the following steps. A sensing device including a base and at least one response electrode is provided, wherein the response electrode is spaced apart from a gate end of the base. Blood including blood cells and targets is disposed on the response electrode. The blood is separated into a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is in contact with the response electrode, and the blood cell count in the first part is less than that in the second part. A voltage is applied on the response electrode, such that an electric field is generated between the response electrode and the gate end of the base, and a detection current generated from the base is measured to detect a characterize of the targets.

Abstract: A vector comprising a promoter operably linked to a nucleic acid sequence encoding human aldehyde dehydrogenase, as well as a composition comprising the vector and method of using the vector to treat aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, or to prevent or treat a disease characterized by aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for the purification of water with a photoreactor. A continuous flow water purification photoreactor having a water inlet, a plurality of illumination sources disposed about a central axis facing and having n-fold rotational symmetry about the central axis, a reaction tube, and a water outlet. The reaction tube including a set of bundled rods having m×n-fold symmetry wherein the bundled rods include a photocatalyst support material at least partially coated with a photocatalyst film.

Abstract: A method of producing preconfigured arrangements of mobile shape-designed particles. The method includes providing a composite structure comprising a substrate and a layer of particle material over a surface of the substrate; lithographically producing a plurality of shaped-designed particles from the layer of particle material such that the plurality of shaped-designed particles remain substantially in a layer proximate the substrate; and at least one of subsequent to or in conjunction with the lithographically producing, immersing the plurality of shaped-designed particles the substrate in a fluid material, at a preselected temperature. The fluid material comprises a depletion agent having particles having sizes and a volume fraction to provide depletion attraction between at least a portion of the shaped-designed particles and the substrate such that the shaped-designed particles remain substantially in the layer proximate the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a model of human fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC) cells maintained as a transplantable tumor line in a host and a method to establish a transplantable human FL-HCC tumor line. Methods of ex vivo cultures of the FL-HCC are provided. Methods of diagnosing and treating FL-HCC tumors are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method for modifying a covalent organic framework (COF), the method comprising: contacting a COF comprising an imine group with a phenylacetylene in, or to form, a mixture, in a suitable reaction condition for converting the imine group into a quinoline group, and COF comprising a quinolone group. The present invention also provides for a superhydrophobic surface comprising a solid surface coated with or comprising the covalent organic framework (COF).

Abstract: Directed bioadhesion coatings, methods of forming directed bioadhesion coatings, and methods of directing bioadhesion are provided. In particular, methods of forming directed bioadhesion coatings include providing a substrate having a graft monomer layer on a surface thereof, selectively removing discrete portions of the graft monomer layer to expose the substrate surface, polymerizing any remaining portions of the graft monomer layer via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization with a RAFT chain transfer agent to form a plurality of graft polymers, and simultaneously with polymerizing the remaining graft monomer layer, grafting the plurality of graft polymers to the substrate to form a chemical pattern on the substrate.

Abstract: A method and device for evaluating the performance of an industrial control loop based on full loop reconstruction simulations. The method comprises: performing reconstruction simulation on control modules one by one except a controlled object in the loop, and judging the correctness of the reconstructed modules; establishing a mathematical model of the object, connecting the mathematical model to the reconstructed modules to complete reconstruction of the entire loop, and optimizing the mathematical model of the object to obtain an optimized model of the object; adjusting parameters of the modules according to a control performance index, and performing simulation calculation on the reconstructed loop using the parameters to obtain an ideal value of the reconstructed performance control index for evaluating the performance of the loop. The loop is reconstructed, the influence of the modules, a PID controller, a filter, a piece-wise linear function and a deadband, on the performance is evaluated.

Abstract: Aspects disclosed in the detailed description include memory compression in a deep neural network (DNN). To support a DNN application, a fully connected weight matrix associated with a hidden layer(s) of the DNN is divided into a plurality of weight blocks to generate a weight block matrix with a first number of rows and a second number of columns. A selected number of weight blocks are randomly designated as active weight blocks in each of the first number of rows and updated exclusively during DNN training. The weight block matrix is compressed to generate a sparsified weight block matrix including exclusively active weight blocks. The second number of columns is compressed to reduce memory footprint and computation power, while the first number of rows is retained to maintain accuracy of the DNN, thus providing the DNN in an efficient hardware implementation without sacrificing accuracy of the DNN application.

Abstract: A method of monitoring network traffic in a communication network with a sentinel module to detect malicious activity is described. A gateway sentinel module receives network traffic directed through a gateway installed for a local distribution of the network, the gateway connecting the local distribution of the network to a core of the network. Malicious activity in the local distribution is detected based on a combination of: a local machine-learning model for identifying malicious activity in the local distribution, the local machine-learning model modelling network traffic from the local distribution; and a global machine-learning model. The global machine-learning model models network traffic from a plurality of local distributions of the network based training data from a plurality of local sentinel modules executed on a respective plurality of computing nodes. The computing nodes respectively receive network traffic from the plurality of location distributions.

Abstract: The invention provides an antibacterial compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, as well as an antibacterial compound of formula (II) or a salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, W, X, Y and n have any of the values defined in the specification.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions, and methods for the treatment of infections, inflammation, cancers, tinnitus, Meniere's disease, hearing loss, or bipolar disorder, or for providing cytoprotection against Clostridium difficile toxins, are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having the structure: for use in combination with an anti-tuberculosis drug for treating a subject infected with M. tuberculosis.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for treating diseases associated with expression of an antigen, e.g., a solid tumor antigen or antigen expressed on a tumor associated with TAMs and/or MDSCs, by administering a recombinant T cell comprising a CAR binding to said antigen, as described herein, in combination with an inhibitor of a pro-M2 macrophage molecule, e.g., described herein. The invention also provides kits and compositions described herein.

Abstract: A formation of multielement nanoparticles is disclosed that includes at least three elements. Each of the at least three elements is uniformly distributed within the multielement nanoparticles forming nanoparticles having a homogeneous mixing structure. At least five elements may form a high-entropy nanoparticle structure. A method for manufacturing a formation of multielement nanoparticles includes providing a precursor material composed of the at least three component elements in multielement nanoparticles; heating the precursor material to a temperature and a time; and quenching the precursor to a temperature at a cooling rate to result in a formation of multielement nanoparticles containing at least three elements and the heating and the quenching representing a multielement nanoparticle thermal shock formation process. A corresponding system for manufacturing the formation of multielement nanoparticles and a method of using the multielement nanoparticles are also disclosed.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a device for manufacturing composite particles constructed by flow paths having relatively great widths and capable of controlling an adsorption ratio of particles, and to provide a method for manufacturing composite particles using this manufacturing device. [Solution] A device for manufacturing composite particles includes at least one first inlet flow path (2) for supplying a first fluid, at least one second inlet flow path (3) for supplying a second fluid, and a mixing flow path (5) for merging the first fluid and the second fluid supplied respectively from the first inlet flow path and the second inlet flow path and allowing the two kinds of fluids to flow down for a predetermined length while mixing the two kinds of fluids. The mixing flow path is a continuous flow path and has a heterogeneous cross-sectional flow path area in a continuity direction thereof.

Abstract: A method of converting a lignocellulosic biomass to monosaccharides, and optionally further converting the monosaccharides to one or both of furfural and HMF, includes contacting the biomass with a reactive liquid phase comprising LiBr, H2SO4. and water, wherein H2SO4 preferably constitutes at most 1.0 wt %, more preferably at most 0.5 wt %, and most preferably at most 0.1 wt % of the reactive liquid phase, and water preferably constitutes at most at most 60 wt %, more preferably at most 50 wt %, and most preferably at most 30 wt % of the reactive liquid phase.