Abstract: An apparatus or method can include forming a graphene layer including a working surface, forming a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer upon the working surface of the graphene layer, and forming a dielectric layer upon the PVA layer. In an example, the PVA layer can be activated and the dielectric layer can be deposited on an activated portion of the PVA layer. In an example, an electronic device can include such apparatus, such as included as a portion of graphene field-effect transistor (GFET), or one or more other devices.

Abstract: A high concentration H2S elimination system and a method using the same are disclosed. The system of the present invention comprises: a chemical H2S elimination module with a gas inlet, a gas outlet and a liquid outlet, wherein H2 S-containing gas is introduced into the chemical H2S elimination module; a reagent storage unit containing an oxidant; a liquid spray unit, wherein the oxidant contained in the reagent storage unit is introduced into the chemical H2S elimination module from the liquid inlet thereof through the liquid spray unit; a bio-regeneration unit comprising a microorganism to regenerate oxidant and connecting to the reagent storage unit; and a sulfur-removing module connecting to the liquid outlet of the chemical H2S elimination module.

Abstract: A disclosed magnetic memory element includes: a magnetization free layer formed of a ferromagnetic substance having perpendicular magnetic anisotropy; a response layer provided so as to be opposed to the magnetization free layer and formed of a ferromagnetic substance having perpendicular magnetic anisotropy; a non-magnetic layer provided so as to be opposed to the response layer on a side opposite to the magnetization free layer and formed of a non-magnetic substance; and a reference layer provided so as to be opposed to the non-magnetic layer on a side opposite to the response layer and formed of a ferromagnetic substance having perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The magnetization free layer includes a first magnetization fixed region and a second magnetization fixed region which have magnetization fixed in directions antiparallel to each other, and a magnetization free region in which a magnetization direction is variable.

Abstract: A frequency of somatic mutations in a biological sample (e.g., plasma or serum) of a subject undergoing screening or monitoring for cancer, can be compared with that in the constitutional DNA of the same subject. A parameter can derived from these frequencies and used to determine a classification of a level of cancer. False positives can be filtered out by requiring any variant locus to have at least a specified number of variant sequence reads (tags), thereby providing a more accurate parameter. The relative frequencies for different variant loci can be analyzed to determine a level of heterogeneity of tumors in a patient.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a first mask on a substrate, forming a first side wall of a fin by performing a first etching of the substrate using the first mask, forming a second mask on the substrate, the second mask being different from the first mask, and forming a second side wall of the fin by performing a second etching of the substrate using the second mask.

Abstract: Anti-androgen therapies represent the cornerstone of prostate cancer (PC) treatment. Yet all PC patients ultimately fail efforts to rein in the androgen receptor (AR). This invention is based on the discovery that prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a highly PC-specific and clinically validated cell surface target, is AR-suppressed and up-regulated in PC as a result of hormonal manipulation. This up-regulation occurs in an unexpected timeframe and it occurs even in the castrate-resistant setting. As a result, hormonal therapy creates a state of conditionally enhanced vulnerability of PC to PSMA-targeted anti-cancer/cytotoxic agents that can be exploited by leveraging anti-AR therapy by the addition of PSMA-targeted agents. We demonstrate this conditionally enhanced vulnerability in a castrate-resistant animal model. The state of conditionally enhanced vulnerability may be relevant for other cancer targets and efforts to screen for them may improve other cancer therapies.

Abstract: A braking system for hybrid vehicle may include a brake pedal, a pedal stroke sensor detecting stroke of the brake pedal and outputting corresponding signal, a brake control unit receiving the signal of the pedal stroke sensor, a driving wheel caliper braking a driving wheel according to control of the brake control unit, a regenerative braking unit including a motor/generator which generates electric energy according to control of the brake control unit in braking of the driving wheel, a master cylinder connected with the brake pedal and operated by the brake pedal, and a driven wheel caliper braking a driven wheel according to operation of the master cylinder.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the conversion of carbon containing feedstock to a liquid chemical product, particularly a liquid fuel product, wherein carbon dioxide emissions are minimized.

Abstract: Although it can be farnesylated, mutant lamin A expressed in Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome cannot be defarnesylated; the characteristic mutation causes deletion of a cleavage site necessary for binding the protease ZMPSTE24 and effecting defarnesylation. The result is an aberrant farnesylated protein (“progerin”) that alters normal lamin A function as a dominant negative, and assumes its own aberrant function through its association with the nuclear membrane. Retention of farnesylation, and potentially other abnormal properties of progerin and other abnormal lamin gene protein products, produces disease. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) will inhibit formation of progerin, cause a decrease in lamin A protein, and/or an increase prelamin A protein. Decreasing the amount of aberrant protein improves cellular effects caused by and progerin expression. Similarly, treatment with FTIs should improve disease status in progeria and other laminopathies.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to mass spectrometry. The present invention relates more particularly to methods and systems for use in mass spectrometric identification of a variety of analytes, including high molecular weight species such as proteins. One embodiment of the invention is a method for analyzing an analyte. The method includes nebulizing a suspension of the analyte in a solvent with a surface acoustic wave transducer; and performing mass spectrometry on the nebulized suspension. The surface acoustic wave transducer can be used, for example, to transfer non-volatile peptides and proteins (as well as other analyztes, such as oligonucleotides and polymers) to the gas phase at atmospheric pressure. Nebulization using surface acoustic waves can be conducted in a discontinuous or pulsed mode, similar to that used in MALDI, or in a continuous mode, as in ESI.

Abstract: The instant invention provides a method for diagnosing an infection in a subject by administering to the subject a compound suitable for imaging which binds to a thymidine kinase present in the infecting organism, and obtaining an image of the subject to determine the presence and location of the compound, wherein a localization of the compound is indicative that the subject has an infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power generation system, which includes a source of a seed oil, a source of alcohol, and a reactor in communication with the source of seed oil and the source of alcohol. The reactor produces a biofuel product. The system has a power source that operates on a biofuel energy source to produce heated exhaust. The power source is in communication with the reactor to utilize a portion of the biofuel product as its biofuel energy source. The system has a heat transfer mechanism that transfers heat from the exhaust manifold to the reactor. The power source also converts mechanical power into electrical power. Also disclosed is a system that involves extraction of oil from an oilseed product. A method of extracting oil from an oilseed product, a method of making a transesterified seed oil, and a method of making a biofuel are also disclosed, as are products obtained thereby.

Abstract: High-speed CMOS ring voltage controlled oscillators with low supply sensitivity have been disclosed. According to one embodiment, a CML ring oscillator comprises a CML negative impedance compensation circuit comprising two cross coupled transistors and a resistor connected to the two transistors for resistive biasing and a CML interpolating delay cell connected in parallel with the CML negative impedance compensation. An impedance change of the CML negative impedance compensation due to supply variation counteracts an impedance change of the CML interpolating delay cell.

Abstract: The disclosure relates generally to materials that comprise organic frameworks. The disclosure also relates to materials that are useful to store and separate biological agents that are environmentally friendly and biocompatible.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and materials for increasing the expression of a protein of interest such as an antibody by a cell ABC50 expression or activity is increased which increases expression of the protein or antibody of interest. The disclosure also provides methods and materials for increasing the sensitivity of a cell to an endoplasmic reticulum stress agent such as Econazole by decreasing the level of ABC50.

Abstract: A high performance field-effect transistor includes a substrate, a nanomaterial thin film disposed on the substrate, a source electrode and a drain electrode formed on the nanomaterial thin film, and a channel area defined between the source electrode and the drain electrode. A unitary self-aligned gate electrode extends from the nanomaterial thin film in the channel area between the source electrode and the drain electrode, the gate electrode having an outer dielectric layer and including a foot region and a head region, the foot region in contact with a portion of the nanomaterial thin film in the channel area. A metal layer is disposed over the source electrode, the drain electrode, the head region of the gate electrode, and portions of the nanomaterial thin film proximate the source electrode and the drain electrode in the channel area.

Abstract: A nonpolar III-nitride film grown on a miscut angle of a substrate, in order to suppress the surface undulations, is provided. The surface morphology of the film is improved with a miscut angle towards an ?-axis direction comprising a 0.15° or greater miscut angle towards the ?-axis direction and a less than 30° miscut angle towards the ?-axis direction.

Abstract: A single-ended SRAM including at least one memory cell and a third switch is provided. The memory cell includes a data-latching unit, a first switch, a second switch and a data-transferring unit. The data-latching unit is configured for latching the received input data and provides a storage data and the inverse data of the storage data. The first switch transfers a reference data to the data-latching unit according to a first word-line signal. The second switch transfers the reference data to the data-latching unit according to a second word-line signal. The data-transferring unit decides whether or not to transfer the reference data to the bit-line according to the storage data and a control signal. The third switch receives the reference data and the control signal and transfers the reference data to the first switch, the second switch and the data-transferring unit according to the control signal.

Abstract: A hardware and/or software facility for controlling the order of operations performed by threads of a multithreaded application on a multiprocessing system is provided. The facility may serialize or selectively-serialize execution of the multithreaded application such that, given the same input to the multithreaded application, the multiprocessing system deterministically interleaves operations, thereby producing the same output each time the multithreaded application is executed. The facility divides the execution of the multithreaded application code into two or more quantum specifying a deterministic number of operations, and the facility specifies a deterministic order in which the threads execute the two or more quantum. The facility may operate together with a transactional memory system.

Abstract: This invention relates, e.g., to a composition suitable for administration to the central nervous system (CNS), comprising a block copolypeptide hydrogel, which comprises a biologically active material that is mixed with the hydrogel or that is attached to the polypeptide chain of the hydrogel, wherein the composition is suitable for administration to the CNS. Also disclosed are methods of making and using compositions of the invention as depots or as scaffolds for cell migration, and pharmaceutical compositions and kits for implementing methods of the invention.