Abstract: A heat and pressure belt fuser structure having an endless belt and a pair of pressure engageable members between which the endless belt is sandwiched for forming a fusing nip through which substrates carrying toner images pass with the toner images contacting an outer surface of the endless belt, at least one of the pressure engageable members has a deformable layer, and the endless belt has a thickness of from about 1 to about 8 mm; and the fuser structure includes an external source of thermal energy for elevating a pre-nip area of the belt. The thick belt in combination with a deformable layer of at least one of the pressure member(s) cooperate to provide a large nip and adequate creep for intrinsic paper stripping.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cutting belt material to accurate dimensions and for forming the mating edges of a puzzle cut joint for joining the ends of the belt material to form a continuous belt for use in a document processing application. The workpiece is maintained in accurate registration a punch press by optical sensors at each station. A vacuum pickup is constructed to move the belt material from a precision cutter to a punch press and maintains the material in tensioned condition to facilitate accurate operation of the punch press.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic conductor comprising a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and an electric charge-donating material bonded to the deoxyribonucleic acid, and an organic conductor comprising at least two DNAS; and an electric charge-transfer substance bonding to each base of the two DNAs.

Abstract: A USB device for supplying current to a device connected thereto through a USB interface. In this USB device, current values requested by the devices are preset, as detecting current values, in detector registers of current detecting parts. The current detecting parts constantly monitor current values of electric powers supplied to the devices. Each current detecting part compares a related detecting current value with a related supplied current value. If the supplied current value exceeds the detecting current value, the current detecting part informs a current detection control part of abnormality occurrence. The current detection control part sets a bit in a no-good status register, which corresponds to the current detecting part having informed the abnormality occurrence, and interrupts a CPU. In turn, the CPU refers to the no-good status register and specifies the failure device, and interrupts a current supplying path connecting to the failure device.

Abstract: A process for generating with unification based grammars such as Lexical Functional Grammars which uses construction and analysis of generation guides to determine internal facts and eliminate incomplete edges prior to constructing a generation chart. The generation guide can then be used in the construction of the generation chart to efficiently generate with unification-based grammars such as Lexical Functional Grammars. The generation guide is an instance of a grammar that has been specialized to the input and only contains those parts of the grammar that are relevant to the input. When the generation guide is analyzed to determine internal facts a smaller generation chart is produced.

Abstract: A data classifier classifies a plurality of input pattern data into one or more clusters. For each pattern data, a cluster to which the pattern data belongs is provisionally determined. For each cluster, a predetermined correlation value is calculated between one or more pattern data belonging to the cluster and observational pattern data which is a target to be classified into a cluster. A cluster to which the observational pattern data belongs is determined based on the correlation values.

Abstract: A surface emitting semiconductor laser includes a substrate, a first semiconductor multilayer reflector formed on the substrate, an active region formed on the first semiconductor multilayer reflector, a second semiconductor multilayer reflector formed on the active region, a current confinement layer interposed between the first and second semiconductor multilayer reflectors and partially including an oxide region, and an insulating layer formed on a coated surface provided by a semiconductor layer which is part of the first semiconductor multilayer reflector and is revealed after removal of a surface oxidation layer.

Abstract: Polythiophenes of the formula 1

Abstract: Disclosed is a toner comprising particles of a polyester resin, an optional colorant, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process. Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a process which comprises (a) generating an electrostatic latent image on an imaging member, and (b) developing the latent image by contacting the imaging member with charged toner particles comprising a polyester resin, an optional colorant, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), wherein said toner particles are prepared by an emulsion aggregation process.

Abstract: An arrangement for printing a raster image organized into a plurality of scan lines on a recording medium, the arrangement including a memory and a printbar. The memory contains scan line data representative of said scan lines. The printbar includes a plurality of nozzles and a printbar circuit. The printbar circuit includes an output buffer and a serial data buffer. The serial data buffer is operably connected to receive serially the scan line data such that the serial data buffer includes scan line data corresponding to a first scan line. The output buffer is operably connected to receive the scan line data from the serial data buffer. The printbar circuit is further operable to cause the plurality of nozzles to print on the recording medium in accordance with the scan line data stored in the output buffer.

Abstract: A digital scanner or copier is provided that can dynamically adjust the black point of an image to be scanned based on detected background level of the document. A pre-scan acts on a small scanning window near a leading edge of the document to obtain a histogram of grey-level values. From this, the background level of the document can be obtained to determine a white point of the image. Additionally, a black point of the image is originally set to a default offset value. However, an adjustment factor based on the detected white point is used to adjust the default offset value to a value that increases the dynamic range of the output image, while still maintaining solid black for black areas of the image.

Abstract: A pointing device is provided, enabling to specify a position in a predetermined space easily. A ball is rotatably fitted in the bottom of a body of a pointing device, and the ball rolls when the body moves over a reference surface. A first displacement detecting unit detects displacement of the body relative to the reference surface by detecting the rolling of the ball. A fixed member is fixed to an upper part of the body by way of an elastically bendable supporting member. The moving member can displace relative to the fixed member, and this displacement is detected by a second displacement detecting unit. When the moving member is depressed, the fixed member presses a switch. The switch thus detects whether or not the moving member is being depressed.

Abstract: A seamed flexible belt with interlocking seam members having an outer layer including a polyvinylbutyral and an isocyanate, or a polyurethane from the reaction of polyvinylbutyral and an isocyanate, for use in the xerographic, contact electrostatic, digital and other like machines.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface with a custom color toner, including a developer housing for developing a portion of the latent image with the toner of custom color. The developer housing includes a donor member for transporting toner of the custom color to a development zone to develop the latent image. A replaceable reservoir unit is provided for mixing and supplying the custom color toner to the donor member. An array of toner dispensers is provided for supplying various primary color toners, as required, to achieve the custom color, and additional reservoirs having various colored toners therein to allow for faster convergence to a given point in the color space.

Abstract: An electrographic, two-component dry developer composition comprising charged toner particles and oppositely charged carrier particles which (a) includes: a soft magnetic material exhibiting a coercivity of less than 300 gauss when magnetically saturated and (b) exhibit an induced magnetic moment of less than 20 EMU/gm of carrier when in an applied field of 1000 gauss; and a hard magnetic material exhibiting a coercivity of at least 300 gauss when magnetically saturated and (b) exhibit an induced magnetic moment of at least 20 EMU/gm of carrier when in an applied field of 1000 gauss.

Abstract: Graded semiconductor layers between GaN and AlGaN layers in a nitride based semiconductor laser structure reduce the threshold voltage of the laser structure by reducing the electric potential barrier at the interface between the GaN and AlGaN layers. The graded layers can be step graded, continuous graded or digital graded.

Abstract: The states of activities by a plurality of users regarding a given project are kept track of, including activities personally carried out by individual users. An information processing unit processes, upon request from a user, work data in a joint work data management unit and personal work data management units. A shared activity information management unit and personal activity information management units manage joint work data and personal work data in the joint work data management unit and the personal work data management units as activity information. An activity information tracing unit, on the basis of activity information separately managed by the shared activity information management unit and the personal activity information management units, extracts particulars of a sequence of operations performed on a specific activity. The states of activities can be thereby kept track of, including activities personally carried out by individual users.

Abstract: In a fuser, a cooling structure (5) is disposed so that a bend angle (&agr;) of apart bent during the time between an endless belt (3) coming in contact with a press cooling face (5a) of the cooling structure (5) and exiting from the press cooling face (5a) is placed in the range of 0° C.<&agr;≦7° C. A fixing belt has a minute hardness of 0.1 to 5 at least on the belt surface coming in contact with toner T and preferably has a gloss degree of 75 or more on the belt surface.

Abstract: A developer for a trickle developing method is used in formation of a full color image and is made of a mixture of a toner and a carrier. The toner contains inorganic fine particles as an internal additive and an external additive, a volume average particle diameter D50v of the toner is between 5.0 and 9.0 &mgr;m, a true specific gravity of the carrier is between 3.00 and 4.60, a volume average particle diameter of the carrier is between 15 and 60 &mgr;m, and the ratio of the volume average particle diameter of the carrier to the volume average particle diameter of the toner is between 3.00 and 7.00, and an image forming method using the developer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus capable of forming two identical images on an intermediate transfer member is provided. Image data read by a reading portion is stored in a memory portion, and two identical images are formed on an intermediate transfer member in a period in which the intermediate transfer member makes one rotation.