Abstract: An image display medium comprising a pair of substrates disposed opposed to each other and a group of at least two kinds of particles enclosed in the gap between the pair of substrates, at least one of the two or more kinds of particles being capable of being positively charged and at least the others being capable of being negatively charged and the particles capable of being positively and negatively charged having different colors, wherein both the particles capable of being positively and negatively charged have a shape factor of from greater than 100 to not greater than 140 as determined by the following equation:

Abstract: A nanowire including a core portion 12 made of a carbon nanotube having at least one layer of a graphene sheet 12a, 12b, and a functional layer 14 formed around the core portion 12 and having at least one layer of a modified graphene sheet in which a graphene sheet has been modified; a method for producing the nanowire; a nanonetwork using the nanowires; a method for producing the nanonetwork; a carbon structure using the nanowire; and an electronic device using the nanowire.

Abstract: A tray for holding a media roll being fed to a paper path of a copier/printer including a plurality of wall defining a chamber, the chamber including: an open portion thereof for receiving the print media roll; a cover for opening and closing the open portion of the chamber, a first seal associated with the chamber and cover, for preventing air from exiting or entering when the cover closed, a sheet slot defined in one of the plurality of wall, for feeding print media therethrough to the paper path of the copier printer; and a second seal, associated with the sheet slot, for to preventing air from exiting or entering the chamber as roll media is fed.

Abstract: Of a band border portion which is an area where a black stripe might occur, in an area near a band border portion adjacent to an unrecorded area, recording density is reduced only when the recording density is high. Since recording density in any unnecessary area is not reduced, no white stripe is produced, either. It is therefore possible to obtain an image having no banding.

Abstract: The present invention discloses: (1) an electrically conductive member including: a cylindrical base body; and electrically conductive powder sealed inside of the cylindrical base body in a substantially flowable state, or (2) an electrically conductive member including: a cylindrical base body; and electrically conductive powder sealed inside of the cylindrical base body so as not to completely fill the inner volume thereof, or (3) an electrically conductive member including: a cylindrical base body; and electrically conductive powder sealed inside of the cylindrical base body so as to fill only from 20 to 95 % of the inner volume thereof. Moreover, the present invention discloses an image forming apparatus equipped with any of the electrically conductive members.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for priming a printhead. The method includes the steps of bringing a vacuum pump up to a predetermined speed and sealingly engaging a printhead with a capping mechanism after the pump reaches the predetermined speed. The pump is connected to the capping mechanism through a tube with a suitable volume. After a period of time long enough to prime the printhead, the capping mechanism is disengaged from the printhead.

Abstract: Provided is a resin powder for a dermatologic composition composed of resin particles having an average volume particle size of 2.0 to 20.0 &mgr;m, a shape factor SF1 of 110 to 140 and an average volume particle size distribution GSDv of 1.3 or less. Also disclosed are a skin cleansing composition and a cosmetic composition containing the resin powder, and a preparation process of the resin powder.

Abstract: A system and method for automatic and semi-automatic document indexing preferably performs document recognition procedures on scanned document data and searches for sub-section delimiters. An index or table of contents is then generated for the document based on sub-section delimiters located in the search. For example, text strings, font size, or other symbols or distinguishing characteristics are used as delimiters in order to automatically find chapter or sub-section headings. A system operator may make adjustments to the automatically determined subdivisions. Alternatively, a plurality of document pages is displayed, for example, in thumbnail form, and the system operator indicates subdivision demarcation points within the displayed thumbnails. The indicated demarcation points are used as sub-section delimiters, and document subdivision is performed as described above. In yet another alternative, demarcation symbols are added to the document prior to scanning.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing secure value-added network services in a network using one or more operating systems. The system runs on a distribution agent Web server accessible from one or more types of network Operating Systems (“OS”) via a Secure Socket Layer (“SSL”) channel. The system includes one or more subsystems, including a receiving system that receives one or more document service requests over a secure communications medium, an authentication system that authenticates each received document service request, a processing system that processes the one or more authenticated document service requests, and a request fulfillment system that fulfills each processed document service request.

Abstract: A system and method for generating achromatic components for output incorporate receiving input color data defined in a first color space. The received input color data is converted to intermediate color data defined in an intermediate color space. Typically the intermediate color space is defined only in terms of chromatic components. A black or achromatic component is then calculated. The black or achromatic color component is a function of both the input color data in the first color space and the intermediate color data in the intermediate color space. This black or achromatic color component is associated with the intermediate color data for further processing and output.

Abstract: An image input scanner sends image data derived from scanned hard-copy documents directly to the network address of a destination computer which is selected at a user interface of the scanner. A driver at the destination computer activates an image acquisition program when image data is detected in a target location in memory. The driver also ensures that incoming image data originates from an authorized scanner or other device. The driver enables scanning operations to be initiated at the scanner, and also avoids a need for a scan server between the scanner and the computer.

Abstract: An information search system that enables efficient collection of information and support of formation of groups which people who share a same interest can join over a network. This system includes an intermediate server and a central server, wherein the intermediate server retains indexes for searching the content database on the central server. Users issue a search request to the intermediate server and search results are returned and recorded on the intermediate server as a search history. The search history is shared by users and used as references from which retrievable content can be selected.

Abstract: A method includes generating a first set of image information representative of a first portion of the multiple page image, the first set of image data corresponding to a first page of the multiple page image. The method also includes generating alignment indicia image information relating to the first portion of the multiple page image. The method further includes generating combined image information comprising the first set of image information and the alignment indicia image information.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating printer data from application print data, the apparatus including a memory and a processor. The memory stores the application print data. The processor is coupled to the memory and is further adapted to be coupled to receive printer status data from a multi-color printer. The processor is also adapted to provide printer data to the multi-color printer. The processor is operable to obtain from the printer status data information identifying a first color ink for which printing is inhibited. The processor is also operable to identify one or more substitute color inks from a set of color inks for which printing is not inhibited. The processor is further operable to generate printer data from application print data, substituting the one or more substitute color inks when print data requires the first color ink.

Abstract: Conversion between different codes can be implemented at high speed by a small device. A code input unit inputs a code. A compatible information reference unit refers to compatible information of each compressed symbol before and after code conversion, which then sends out compatible information data to a compressed symbol conversion unit. The compressed symbol conversion unit converts each of the compressed symbols in the input code data to a form adapted to a code to be converted based on the compatible information data, which then sends out converted code data to a converted code output unit.

Abstract: An optical waveguide element capable of being coupled with optical fibers at high coupling efficiency is to be provided. Also an optical waveguide element manufacturing method permitting accurate production of such optical waveguide elements is to be provided. The optical waveguide element is provided with a buffer layer formed over a monocrystalline substrate and an optical waveguide layer formed over the buffer layer, and a recess is formed in the buffer layer along the lengthwise direction of the monocrystalline substrate. The optical waveguide layer is provided to fit into this recess to form a channel optical waveguide. Over the upper face of the optical waveguide layer on the light incidence side and the light emission side, a cladding layer whose refractive index is smaller than that of the optical waveguide layer and whose thickness increases towards the end face(s) in a flared shape is provided in the same width as that of the monocrystalline substrate.

Abstract: A compliant imaging surface for offset printing comprising a drum having an outer compliant elastomeric layer affixed to the drum, the outer compliant elastomeric layer being sufficiently compliant to contact ink pixels having at least first and second heights so as to fix the ink pixels to the final receiving medium. A second outer rigid layer is affixed to the outer compliant elastomeric layer and acts to keep pressure across a span of one pixel with the outer compliant elastomeric layer acting to allow deformation on the pixel to pixel span.

Abstract: An ink tank which has an ink delivery port chamber and one or more free ink chambers is provided with free ink chamber ceiling heights which are lower than the ceiling height of the ink delivery port chamber to reduce the amount of air trapped in the ink tank when the ink tank is filled with ink, and to locate air trapped in the ink tank in the ink delivery port chamber.

Abstract: In a public key encryption system where an individual is used as a unit, an idea of “group” is newly introduced. Then, both an encryption process operation of a plain text by an arbitrary member belonging to the group, and a decryption process operation of cryptogram information can be executed by employing such a combination key made from a group public key and a group secret key, which are produced in unit of “group”, and further an individual public key and an individual secret key. With employment of this encryption system, while high secrecies can be maintained inside and outside the group, the cryptogram information can be commonly shared based upon a confirmation of a member among members within the group. Also, an electronic signature can be made by a member belonging to the group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic color toner containing at least a coloring agent, a binder resin, and light-color or colorless fine particles, wherein toner particles containing particles having particle sizes of at least 1.0 &mgr;m as said fine particles are not more than half of the total toner particles. The electrophotographic color toner has a broad fixable temperature region of the toner and does not cause an image deterioration by preventing the occurrence of the penetration phenomenon into a paper while keeping a high image quality and high coloring even by using paper other than a paper for color copy without deteriorating various characteristics of a toner of prior art.