Abstract: A process comprising:reacting a first polymer containing at least one haloalkyl substituted styrene, with a reactive acrylate compound wherein the haloalkyl substituent is converted to an alkylacrylate ester or an alkylacrylate ester ammonium salt to form an acrylated second polymer, andirradiating said acrylated second polymer.

Abstract: An apparatus for maintaining a substantially consistent current to voltage relationship in a corona charging device having an electrode energized by an AC voltage biased by a first DC offset voltage which is modified by a second DC voltage, and a control surface energized by a third DC voltage which is also varied by the second DC voltage. The apparatus includes a system for monitoring a portion of the AC voltage, and for superimposing the first DC voltage on the monitored voltage to generate a control voltage having an AC component and a DC component, and for further superimposing the second DC voltage on the control voltage to vary the control voltage in response to changes in the second DC voltage. The control voltage is then applied to the electrode of the corona charging device. The apparatus provides a constant DC offset coronode voltage tracking circuit that maintains a substantially consistent current to voltage relationship in a scorotron-type corona charging device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a development apparatus which can operate free from development ghost or bias leak, can form a good image free of defects such as development ghost even if the foregoing negative-working magnetic one-component developer is used and can exhibit an excellent environmental stability of image density even under high temperature and humidity conditions. The magnetic one-component development apparatus according to the present invention comprises a developer carrier provided opposed to an electrostatic latent image retainer. The surface the developer carrier comprises an electrically-conductive resin layer containing as a particulate electrically-conductive material a carbon black and a graphite. The ash content in the graphite is not more than 3.0% by weight. The volume intrinsic resistivity of the electrically-conductive resin layer preferably falls within a range of from 2.0.times.10.sup.-2 to 0.99 .OMEGA..multidot.cm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a document processing apparatus, word extracting apparatus, word extracting method and storage medium for storing a word extracting program, capable of appropriately presenting effective associate words to the user. A retrieving element executes retrieval of documents based on a retrieval condition inputted through a retrieval condition inputting element. A keyword designating element designates an arbitrary word among the words included in the retrieved documents as an associate-word-searching word and designates other words as candidates for an associate word. A simultaneous appearance probability calculating element calculates a simultaneous appearance probability of the associate-word-searching word and one of the candidates for the associate word in any of the retrieved documents. A first independent appearance probability calculating element obtains an independent appearance probability of the associate-word-searching word in each of all documents.

Abstract: An electric type paper display having memory properties, rapid response times and multi-optical property display with an image of high quality is made. Each display element is wholly in contact with liquid in a cavity and the surface of each display element has a portion with a most positive charge. When an electrical field is applied from the outside, each display element is turned correspondingly to the direction of the electric field and, then electrically migrated through the liquid and attached to the inner surface of the cavity. Among multiple display surfaces of each display element an optical property is selected according to an image signal and is visible through a transparent support to an observer. Afterwards, the attached state of each display element, i.e.

Abstract: As an electronic pen (16) moves across a display screen (12), a position resolver (14) generates a series of x,y-coordinate positions which are sent to a remote computer system (20) having a relatively high latency or time delay before the positions are processed and intended display information is returned to the memory cells of a memory array (24) which controls the display on the display screen (12). During the time delay, a temporary display of the trajectory is created, preferably in light gray or another distinguishable color. Each x,y-coordinate position is compared (32) with an immediately preceding coordinate position to determine whether the pen has moved. If so, the new coordinate is stored in a memory (36) which stores a preselected number of the most recent coordinate positions and to a toggle circuit (38) which toggles a preselected bit of the display information stored in the corresponding memory cell of the memory array.

Abstract: An image formation apparatus for transporting a transfer material P and forming an image on the transfer material P is provided with an operation mode dedicated to transfer materials of a multilayer structure In the operation mode, setting of at least one operation condition of an attraction condition of the transfer material P on a transfer material support 8, a transfer condition of a toner image to the transfer material P, a peeling condition of the transfer material P from the transfer material support 8, a fixing condition of a toner image onto the transfer material P, and a static electricity elimination condition of an image support 1 or the transfer material support 8 is changed in response to the characteristics of a resistance value, etc., of the transfer material P.

Abstract: A method of using a processor to conjoin a first clause and a second clause as part of a unification of a first graph. If the first clause is not associated with the first graph, then a third clause is created that is opaque and has a pointer to the first clause. Afterward, the third clause is conjoined with the second clause.

Abstract: A method to provide a highly intelligent, automated diagnostic system that identifies the need to replace specific parts to minimize machine downtime rather than require extensive service troubleshooting. In particular, a systematic, logical test analysis scheme to assess machine operation from a simple sensor system and to be able to pinpoint parts and components needing replacement is provided by a series of first level of tests by the control to monitor components for receiving a first level of data and by a series of second level of tests by the control to monitor components for receiving a second level of data. Each of the first level tests and first level data is capable of identifying a first level of part failure independent of any other test. Each of the second level tests and second level data is a combination of first level tests and first level data or a combination of a first level test and first level data and a third level test and third level data.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and printing machine are disclosed that contain a monitoring system that includes a sensor and artificial stress conditions to determine the cleaner brush life. A comparative analysis is performed from the data provided by the monitoring system of a normal cleaning residual toner particle mass and artificial stress conditions cleaning residual toner particle mass to predict brush cleaner life reliably.

Abstract: An ink comprised of (1) a liquid ketone, (2) a solid ketone, (3) a lightfastness UV absorber, (4) a lightfastness antioxidant, and (5) a colorant.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N,N-bis(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-biphenylamine which comprises the reaction of N,N-bis(3,4-dimethylphenyl)amine and an iodobiphenyl in the presence of a ligand copper catalyst, and wherein the ligand is selected from the group consisting of monodentate tertiary amines and bidentate tertiary amines, and which reaction is accomplished at a temperature of, for example, from about 120.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprising(i) preparing, or providing an aqueous colorant dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a colorant and an ionic surfactant in water;(ii) blending said colorant dispersion with a latex emulsion comprised of resin particles, a nonionic surfactant, and an ionic surfactant of opposite charge polarity to that of the ionic surfactant in said colorant dispersion;(iii) heating the resulting mixture below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the latex resin to form toner sized aggregates;(iv) heating the resulting aggregate suspension of (iii) above about the Tg of the latex resin; and(v) retaining the temperature in the range of from about 30.degree. C. to about 95.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of resin particles comprising:adding a mixture of at least one free radical reactive monomer continuously to a heated aqueous solution of a water soluble free radical initiator and a water soluble salt to form latex emulsion particles and aggregates thereof; and wherein the rate of continuous addition of said monomer is greater than the rate at which monomer is consumed by polymerization.

Abstract: A method and system assigns an image classification to a multi-level grey scale pixel value. The multi-level grey scale pixel value is modified based on an error generated by previously processed pixels and the image classification of the multi-level grey scale pixel and processed based on the assigned image classification to reduce the number of grey levels in the multi-level grey scale pixel value. An error is generated based on the processing of the modified multi-level grey scale pixel value and a portion of the error is diffused to a next pixel in a fastscan direction and a remaining portion of the error is diffused to pixels in a slowscan direction. The modified multi-level grey scale pixel value referred above includes an error from the previously processed neighboring pixels if the current pixel is classified as being processed as an error diffused pixel.

Abstract: A top vacuum corrugation feeder includes articulating suction fingers to assist in raising the top sheet of a stack of sheets to the feedhead of the vacuum corrugation feeder. The suction fingers are rotated down from their interleaved position between feed belts to contact the top sheet in the sheet stack and raises the top sheet to the feed belts. As a result, the feeder can handle heavy sheets, curled sheets, and sheets which are edge welded.

Abstract: A mark is provided on an object surface of an object under measurement, and the mark provides two intersection points P.sub.1 and P.sub.2 between first and second straight lines L.sub.1, L.sub.2, and between second and third lines L.sub.2, L.sub.3, in which an angle ".alpha." defined by the first and second straight lines L.sub.1 and L.sub.2, another angle ".beta." defined by the second and third straight lines L.sub.2 and L.sub.3, and a distance between P.sub.1 and P.sub.2 are known. This mark is imaged on at least one set of one-dimensional optical sensor. When a sensor signal having a light intensity distribution along a longitudinal direction is outputted from the one-directional optical sensor, a calculation unit calculates positions of the straight lines L.sub.1 to L.sub.3 of the mark image on the one-dimensional optical sensor in response to the sensor signal. Based upon this calculation result, another calculation is made of at least one position of the two intersection points P.sub.1 and P.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ink unit for use in an ink jet recording which can provide color images with high water resistance, no print bleeding, and an excellent color reproduction of shades, together with rub resistance, and also can render color images on ordinary paper clearly and stably, and an ink jet recording method using the ink unit, wherein the ink, unit which has a black ink and a color ink, comprises pigments, a polymeric dispersant, and water, wherein a black ink contains a black pigment and a first polymeric dispersant including a COOH group or the salt thereof (acrylic acid salts, methacrylic acid salts, and the like) and a color ink contains a chromatic pigment and a second polymeric dispersant including a SO.sub.3 H group or the salt thereof (vinyl sulfonic acid salts, naphthalene sulfonic acid salts, and styrenesulfonic acid salts).

Abstract: A nozzle plate for ink jet cartridges which are manufactured from a relatively thin film of material, such as, for example, polyimide, polyarylene ether, or composite of a number of materials deposited on a rigid substrate, such as a silicon wafer, and photolithographically processed from the rigid substrate to produce a large quantity of interconnected nozzle plates which may be removed as a sheet of interconnected nozzle plates for ease of handling. The nozzle plates are aligned and bonded to the nozzle bearing front faces of the cartridges.