Abstract: A substrate holder is provided. The substrate holder comprises a first holding member having a support surface supporting a substrate; and a second holding member sandwiching and holding the substrate together with the first holding member. The first holding member comprises a first contact point located along a periphery of the support surface. The second holding member comprises a second contact point configured to contact with the substrate placed on the support surface. The first contact point has a flat plate shape. The second contact point comprises a first end portion contacting with the substrate; and a second end portion contacting with the first contact point. The second end portion is configured to elastically contact with the first contact point when the substrate is held between the first holding member and the second holding member.

Abstract: A fluid conducting system with cathodic corrosion protection is provided for at least one device that influences and/or acts upon a flow rate, such as a pump and/or valve. The device includes at least one connection device such as a device connection flange. At least one flow rate guiding device such as a pipe includes a connection means such as a pipe connection flange. The system includes annular anodes arranged between the connection devices and connection means, where anodes are electrically connected by electrical conducting lines to a monitoring device. The internal diameter of the anodes is preferably equal to the internal diameter of the flow rate guiding device and/or the inner diameter of the inlet and/or outlet of flow influencing device.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a composite anode unit, comprising: a metal core rod; a metal layer coated on the metal core, wherein the metal layer is lead or lead alloy; a conductive ceramic layer coated on the metal layer, wherein the conductive ceramic layer comprises ?-PbO2—Al2O3 composite oxide; an active ceramic layer is coated on the conductive ceramic layer, wherein the active ceramic layer comprises ?-MnO2—Ti4O7 composite oxide. Methods for preparing the composite anode unit and an anode plate made from the composite anode unit are also provided.

Abstract: The invention concerns non-ferrous metallurgy, particularly an anode for electrolytically obtaining aluminum by the electrolysis of fluoride melts. The anode for obtaining aluminum by means of the electrolysis of melts at a temperature of less than 930° C. consists of a base executed of an alloy containing 65-96%wt of iron, less than 35%wt of copper, less than 20%wt of nickel, and one or several additives from molybdenum, manganese, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, chromium, aluminum (less than 1%wt) cobalt, cerium, yttrium, silicon, and carbon totaling less than 5%, and a protective oxide layer comprising iron oxides and complex oxides of iron, copper, and nickel. The protective oxide layer on the anode surface is obtained by preliminary oxidation in air at a temperature of 850-1050° C. or subsequently in the electrolysis process by oxidation with oxygen evolving at the anode.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oxygen-consuming electrode, in particular for use in chloralkali electrolysis, comprising a novel catalyst coating based on carbon nanotubes and a silver-based cocatalyst, and to an electrolysis device. The invention further relates to a method for producing said oxygen-consuming electrode and to the use thereof in chloralkali electrolysis or fuel cell technology.

Abstract: Techniques for installing contact bar segments in an electrolytic cell can include positioning a series of contact bar segments on a capping board to provide enhanced current density distribution in the series of contact bar segments positioned along the capping board, the contact bar segments including at least three contact regions for anodes and cathodes. In some scenarios, sub-sets of contact bar segments may be provided, such that one sub-set is configured to contact N number of anodes and N number of cathodes; another sub-set is configured to contact N number of anodes and N+1 number of cathodes including one center segment; and a further sub-set configured to contact N+1 number of anodes and N number of cathodes including two end segments.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein pertain generally to an amalgam electrode, and a producing method of the amalgam electrode, and an electrochemical reduction method of carbon dioxide using the amalgam electrode.

Abstract: The claimed invention provides an economical cathode for electrolysis and a method of manufacturing the same. The cathode includes a conductive base and a catalyst layer including a catalyst component. The conductive base, e.g. a wire mesh, includes plural intersection portions and is made of nickel. The cathode catalyst layer includes a catalyst component, such as platinum, and is formed by applying an application liquid to the base and drying and solidifying the liquid. The solidified portion of the applied liquid is not formed in the intersection portions of the base, or even if formed, the cross-sectional shape of the solidified portion has mesh-shaped pores with an average porosity of 15% or larger. The base is prepared by preheating to a temperature from 43° C. to 120° C. immediately before applying the application liquid, and thereafter the cathode catalyst layer is formed.

Abstract: Provided is an electrocatalyst for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis, including a carbonaceous material, and nickel electrodeposited on the carbonaceous material, wherein nickel is partially substituted with platinum and the substitution with platinum provides increased hydrogen evolution activity as compared to the same electrocatalyst before substitution with platinum. Also provided are a method for preparing the electrocatalyst and an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer using the same. The nickel electrocatalyst coated with an ultralow loading amount of platinum for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis shows excellent hydrogen evolution activity and has a small thickness of catalyst, thereby providing high mass transfer and high catalyst availability.

Abstract: A cathodic protection device enclosing a reference cell and a conductive media and having two coupon assemblies mounted, facing opposing direction, on an exterior surface thereof is disclosed. The coupon assemblies each have a disc-shaped coupon seated in a jacket and are electrically coupled to a wire. The jacket is generally patch-sized and defines a pocket in a first surface and a groove in a second, opposing surface thereof. The disc-shaped coupon is seated in the pocket and the wire is seated in the groove with the electrical junction therebetween aligned with an aperture connecting the pocket to the groove. A sealing material is used to form a watertight seal between the disc-shaped coupon and the pocket and fills the groove. The device includes a hydrophilic porous member having a first surface in communication with the conductive media and a second surface in communication with an external environment.

Abstract: An electrode includes a base material, and a catalyst layer provided on the base material, the catalyst layer including a plurality of catalyst units having a porous structure. The catalyst layer has a first catalyst layer provided near the base material, the first catalyst layer including a plurality of the catalyst units dispersed at a first dispersion degree. The catalyst layer has a second catalyst layer provided above the first catalyst layer, the second catalyst layer including a plurality of the catalyst units dispersed at a second dispersion degree. The second dispersion degree is different from the first dispersion degree.

Abstract: A rack for supporting work pieces during electroplating including a frame having respective first and second side portions and top and bottom portions, the first and second sides attached to each other through top and bottom portions; one or more support arms extending between the frame first and second sides, the one or more support arms affixed to the frame to allow rotational movement of the one or more support arms; one or more clips affixed to the support arms, the one or more clips configured to hold a work piece; and a buoyant device affixed to the one or more support arms.

Abstract: In a method for cathodically protecting and/or passivating a metal section in an ionically conductive material such as steel reinforcement in concrete or mortar, an impressed current or sacrificial anode communicates electrical current to the metal section and a storage component of electrical energy which can be a cell, battery or capacitor is provided as a component of the anode. The storage component can have replacement energy introduced by re-charging or replacing the component from an outside supply. Typically the cell or storage capacitor has an outer case which carries an anode material as an integral outer component.

Abstract: In a method for cathodically protecting and/or passivating a metal section in an ionically conductive material such as steel reinforcement in concrete or mortar, an impressed current or sacrificial anode communicates ionic current to the metal section and a storage component of electrical energy which can be a cell, battery or capacitor is provided as a component of the anode. The storage component can have replacement energy introduced by re-charging or replacing the component from an outside supply. Typically the cell or storage capacitor has an outer case which carries an anode material as an integral outer component. A mechanical clamp is provided to attach the assembly to a rebar. A current limiter is provided which prevents excess current draining the supply.

Abstract: Provided is a cathode for electrolysis comprising a conductive substrate and a Ru element-containing catalyst layer on the conductive substrate, wherein in the catalyst layer, the ratio of the maximum intensity of the Ru 3d 5/2 peak appearing between 281.4 eV and 282.4 eV to the maximum intensity of the Ru 3d 5/2 peak appearing between 280.0 eV and 281.0 eV, in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic measurement is 0.45 or more.

Abstract: An anode slurry for cathodic protection to underground metallic structures, preferably for casings of hydrocarbon producing wells or water injecting/producing wells, comprising a granulated electrical conducting material as anode and optionally a granulated filler with high electrical conductivity (backfill). There is also disclosed a method for providing cathodic protection to underground metallic structures by injecting an anode slurry into the underground formation containing the metallic structures.

Abstract: Provided are an anode for alkaline water electrolysis that can achieve a low overpotential at low cost, and a method for producing the anode for alkaline water electrolysis. An anode for alkaline water electrolysis having electrode catalyst layers 2, 3 composed of a first catalyst component having either a nickel-cobalt spinel oxide or a lanthanide-nickel-cobalt perovskite oxide and a second catalyst component having at least one of iridium oxide and ruthenium oxide formed on the surface of a conductive substrate 1 composed of nickel or a nickel-based alloy, and a method for producing the anode for alkaline water electrolysis.

Abstract: An electrode module including electrode plates spaced from one another by spacing means, a plurality of support members each extending through each electrode plate and at least one spacing means between two adjacent electrode plates for releasable securing of the electrode plates together, and each electrode plate includes a plate portion. Each electrode plate includes one supporting and connection lug portion configured to support each electrode plate at a first busbar or a second busbar in an electrochemical reactor for electrically connecting each electrode plate of the electrode module with a first busbar or a second busbar for supplying electrical current between one of the first busbar and the second busbar and each electrode plate of the electrode module.

Abstract: A vessel corrosion protection apparatus includes a specially shaped anode having a smaller diameter, longer portion and a shorter portion with radially extending ribs that are cast with the anode and configured to engage the inside surface of a section of pipe that extends away from the vessel outer wall. A vessel corrosion protection apparatus includes a specially shaped anode having a smaller diameter, longer portion and a shorter portion with radially extending ribs that are configured to engage the inside surface of a section of pipe that extends away from the vessel outer wall, the anode connected to a plate not made of anodic material and which has a face free from penetrations which would allow liquid penetration through the plate when the anode is attached to a vessel.

Abstract: A cathode for water splitting production includes: (1) a porous substrate; and (2) an electrocatalyst affixed to the porous substrate. The electrocatalyst includes heterostructures of a first material and a second material that partially covers the first material.