Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) having at least one fuel cell (2) and a DC/DC converter (3) assigned to the latter. A variable voltage generated in the fuel cell (2) is converted, by means of the DC/DC converter (3), into a DC voltage for a system (4) to be supplied. The DC/DC converter (3) is designed to capture internal characteristic variables of the fuel cell (2). Operating states of the fuel cell (2) are captured and/or controlled in dependence on these characteristic variables.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions to use in biofouling-resistant coatings, biofouling-resistant coatings, methods of making biofouling-resistant coatings, biofouling-resistant devices, and methods of making biofouling-resistant devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery, a method for manufacturing the same, and a pressing block for manufacturing the secondary battery. The method for manufacturing the secondary battery according to the present invention comprises a forming step of forming a pouch sheet to form an accommodation part in which an electrode assembly is accommodated, a folding step of folding the pouch sheet with respect to a folding part to accommodate the electrode assembly in the accommodation part, and to block the accommodation part from outside to form a battery case, and an anti-wrinkle step of forming an anti-wrinkle bending part on an outer shell of the pouch sheet to prevent wrinkles from being generated on the outer shell of the folded pouch sheet.

Abstract: Sulfur copolymers and methods of synthesizing said sulfur copolymers are described herein. Sulfur monomers copolymerize with epoxide or vinylic moieties the epoxy-functionalized styrenic comonomers to form a crosslinked network of the sulfur copolymer. Sulfur copolymers having high sulfur content are used as raw materials in 3D printing. Chalcogenide-based copolymers can utilize selenium to provide for the optical properties. Using an inverse vulcanization method, chalcogenic sulfur copolymers are used to prepare chemically stable polymer plastic materials with tunable optical and thermochemical properties. Optical substrates, such as films, waveguides, and molded (nano-, micro-) objects and lenses, are constructed from sulfur copolymers via 3D printing and are substantially transparent in the visible and infrared spectrum.

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing intermittently coated dry electrodes for energy storage devices and energy storage devices including the intermittently coated dry electrodes are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a metal layer and providing an electrochemically active free-standing film formed of a dry active material. The method also includes combining the electrochemically active free-standing film and the metal layer to form a combined layer. The method further includes removing a portion of the electrochemically active free-standing film from the combined layer so that the electrochemically active free-standing film is intermittently formed on the metal layer in a longitudinal direction of the metal layer.

Abstract: Provided herein are perfluoro copolymers of a perfluoro dioxole monomer, a perfluoro dioxane monomer, and an optional perhalo monomer. Methods of making the perfluoro copolymers and methods of using the perfluoro copolymers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of examining a fuel cell by means of a cyclic voltammetry analysis, wherein the cyclic voltammetry analysis is used to ascertain a gas composition in the fuel cell. The fuel cell has a first gas space for a first reactant and a second gas space for a second reactant, where no reactant is supplied at least to one of the two gas spaces, especially to either gas space, during the cyclic voltammetry analysis. The cyclic voltammetry analysis is used to ascertain a concentration of hydrogen in the gas spaces.

Abstract: A system for estimating the amount of purge of a fuel cell is provided. The system includes a fuel cell that generates power by receiving hydrogen at an anode side and receives oxygen at a cathode side. A recirculation line is connected with the anode side of the fuel cell, and the gas included hydrogen therein is circulated in the recirculation line. A flow amount estimator estimates the flow amount of gas inside the recirculation line. A purge valve is positioned in the recirculation line and discharges the gas in the recirculation line to the outside when opened. A purge amount estimator estimates the amount of purge for each gas discharged through the purge valve by reflecting the flow amount of the gas estimated by the flow amount estimator.

Abstract: An onium salt containing an anion having formula (A1) and a cation having formula (A1-a), (A1-b) or (A1-c) is provided. A chemically amplified negative resist composition comprising the onium salt as acid generator forms a pattern of good profile having a high sensitivity, improved dissolution contrast, reduced LWR and improved CDU.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a binder composition of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, which contains a vinylidene fluoride polymer and is capable of further enhancing adhesive strength of the electrode mixture layer to a surface of a current collector. The above objective can be achieved by a binder composition of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the binder composition comprising a vinylidene fluoride copolymer for a binder of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the vinylidene fluoride copolymer containing: a first constituent unit derived from vinylidene fluoride, and a second constituent unit containing an isocyanate group or having a structure that produces an isocyanate group when heated at 200° C. for 1 hour. This binder composition can be used in a mixture for producing an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to a biocell (1) with a biofuel reservoir intended to be brought into contact with a liquid medium and with a fluid medium comprising an oxidant. Said biocell comprises a first electrochemical cell having: an anode (5) comprising a first enzyme capable of catalyzing the oxidation of the biofuel; —a cathode (7) comprising a second enzyme capable of catalyzing the reduction of the oxidant; and —a separating and porous membrane (3), electrically insulating, and permeable to said liquid medium, placed between the anode (5) and the cathode (7). Said biocell (1) being characterized in that it comprises a means for storing the biofuel (3) and for providing the liquid medium to the anode (5), said means comprising a hydrophilic porous material in contact with said anode (5)) and having a basis weight of 500 to 900 g/m2.

Abstract: Materials and methods to immobilize photoacid generators on semiconducting substrates are provided. PAG-containing monomers are copolymerized with monomers to allow the polymer to bind to a surface, and optionally copolymerized with monomers to enhance solubility to generate PAG-containing polymers. The PAG-containing monomers can be coated onto a surface, where the immobilized PAGs can then be used to pattern materials coated on top of the immobilized PAGs, allowing direct patterning without the use of a photoresist, thereby reducing process steps and cost. The disclosed materials and processes can be used to produce conformal coatings of controlled thicknesses.

Abstract: A press jig includes a pair of plate-shaped members, each of which includes a plurality of protrusions spaced apart from each other on a surface thereof, the protrusions being configured to come into contact with the secondary battery when pressed; and a heating unit that heats the protrusions formed on the plate-shaped member. A method of manufacturing a secondary battery using the same is also provided.

Abstract: An onium salt having formula (1) serving as an acid diffusion inhibitor and a chemically amplified resist composition comprising the acid diffusion inhibitor are provided. When processed by lithography, the resist composition exhibits dissolution contrast, acid diffusion suppressing effect, and excellent lithography performance factors such as CDU, LWR and sensitivity.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a rebalancing reactor of a flow battery system. In one example, a pH of a battery electrolyte may be maintained by the rebalancing reactor by applying a negative potential to a catalyst bed of the rebalancing reactor. A performance of the rebalancing reactor may further be maintained by treating the catalyst bed with deionized water.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing a positive electrode active material, which includes preparing a mixture by mixing a lithium compound, a transition metal precursor, and a metal oxide additive, and sintering the mixture to form a lithium transition metal oxide, wherein the sintering is performed through two-stage temperature holding sections, a temperature of a first temperature holding section is in a range of 400° C. to 650° C., and a temperature of a second temperature holding section is in a range of 700° C. to 900° C. A positive electrode including a positive electrode active material prepared according to the method, and a lithium secondary battery including the positive electrode is also provided.

Abstract: A battery cooling panel and battery module are disclosed. In one example, the battery cooling panel includes a first outer panel defined as a first cooling fin with a first major surface configured to contact a battery cell. A second outer panel is secured to the first outer panel at an outer edge. A panel insert is positioned between the first outer panel and the second outer panel, the panel insert having a major surface with coolant flow channels. The battery module includes one or more battery cells in contact with the battery cooling panel, and is suitable for use as part of an electric vehicle system.

Abstract: There is provided a titanyl sulfate hydrate powder comprising 25 to 40% by mass of titanium element in terms of TiO2, 40 to 60% by mass of sulfur element in terms of H2SO4, and niobium element in such an amount that a molar ratio of niobium element to titanium element (Nb/Ti) is 0.00005 to 0.012, with a molar ratio of the sulfur element content to the titanium element content (S/Ti) being 1.1 to 1.5, and comprising crystalline titanyl sulfate dihydrate (TiOSO4·2H2O). Thus, the present invention can provide a titanyl sulfate hydrate powder with a high dissolution rate in water and a production method therefor, as well as a method for producing an aqueous titanyl sulfate solution, a method for producing an electrolyte and a method for producing a redox flow battery, using the titanyl sulfate hydrate powder.

Abstract: Provided herein are energy storage device electrode films comprising a hybrid electrode film, and methods of forming such multilayer hybrid electrode films and energy storage devices comprising multilayer hybrid electrode films. Each hybrid electrode film may comprise a self-supporting dry coated active layer and a wet cast active layer, wherein each active layer comprises a binder and an active material. The binder and/or active material may be the same or different as any other active layer. The hybrid multilayer electrode film may further comprise at least one additional layer, and the hybrid multilayer electrode film may be laminated with a current collector to form an electrode.

Abstract: A resist composition containing a resin component (A1) having a constitutional unit derived from a compound represented by General Formula (a01-1).