Abstract: An aromatic compound with functional groups is produced by carrying out electrolytic oxidation of an iodide in an electrolyte containing an inorganic weak acid salt and/or medium acid salt, allowing the electrolyzed product to react with an aromatic compound having an electron donating group with a Hammet's substituent constant (.sigma.p-) of -0.25 or lower and allowing the resultant iodized aromatic compound to react with a nucleophilic reagent.

Abstract: In a method of printing on a test report a pattern of fraction images of various kinds of proteins contained in a serum sample, an electrophoretic signal obtained by photoelectrically scanning a substrate bearing electrophoretic images is sampled to derive a number of digital samples, a reference digital sample having a maximum amplitude and denoting a peak point of albumin component is detected, a predetermined number of digital samples are extracted on the basis of the reference digital sample having the maximum amplitude, an electrophoretic image pattern is printed on a test report by using the extracted digital samples such that the reference digital sample is recorded at a predetermined point on the test report.

Abstract: A method of measuring an amount of total protein TP.sub.i of a test sample from an electrophoretic image of the test sample including a step of forming an electrophoretic image of a standard sample having a known amount of total protein TP.sub.1, a step of integrating absorbance values of the electrophoretic image of the standard sample to derive an integrated value of concentration D.sub.1 of the electrophoretic image, a step of integrating absorption values of the electrophoretic image of the test sample to derive an integration value of concentration D.sub.i of the electrophoretic image of the test sample, and a step of deriving the amount of total protein TP.sub.i of the test sample in accordance with an equation of ##EQU1## .

Abstract: An electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor containing within an aprotic solvent a tetrafluoroborate of an organic amine compound as solute.An electrolyte for electrolytic capacitors according to the invention may conveniently be prepared by adding to an aqueous solution of tetrafluoroborate an equivalent amount of organic amine compound for reaction with subsequent reduction and dryness to obtain an anhydrous salt which as an approximately 10% by weight solution is then added to the aprotic solvent to prepare the resultant electrolyte.

Abstract: Plasma enhancement is achieved in a plasma glow system by increasing the number of photoelectric electrons in the plasma glow by producing photoelectrons from the surface of a target in the system by the use of a radiation source. This is more particularly accomplished by flooding the surface of the target with a UV laser beam during the plasma process where emitted photoelectrons are injected into the plasma to increase the plasma density.The plasma enhancement is used in a sputter etching/deposition system which includes a chamber containing a cathode, a target, a substrate platform containing substrate and a pump. An ultraviolet light source such as a UV laser and focussing optics for focussing the UV radiation onto the target through a UV transmission window are also provided. A plasma region in the chamber is enhanced by photons from the laser striking the target and producing photoelectrons which are injected into the plasma to increase its density.

Abstract: Laser dyes of the class of 2-substituted oxazolo [4,5-b] pyridines which lase when flashlamp or nitrogen laser pumped.

Abstract: Method for producing a reactively sputtered conducting transparent metal oxide film onto a continuous web moving in a sputtering chamber at a distance past a metal target. The target is arranged in combination with a counterelectrode powered such that a sputtering plasma discharge is generated inside the sputtering chamber transferring metal atoms from the target to the moving web. Oxygen is introduced into said chamber containing a low pressure atmosphere of an inert gas to produce a metal oxide coating. During the sputter process the surface resistance of the coating is continuously monitored at least at two areas across the width of the continuously moving web, whereby the sputtering conditions are controlled such that at least one area exhibits an optimum minimum resistance value.

Abstract: Carbamic acid esters (I)R.sup.1 NHCOOR.sup.2 (I)wherein R.sup.1 is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylaryl and R.sup.2 is alkyl, are prepared by electro-oxidation of a formamide (II)R.sup.1 NHCHO (II)in the presence of an alcohol R.sup.2 OH and of an ionic halide.

Abstract: A sputter coating apparatus target includes an elongated cathode having an upper support surface, sputter target material disposed upon the upper cathode surface, and a ground shield having a box-like construction. The ground shield includes a bottom wall and side walls containing the cathode therein in an enclosed state and an open top defined by the side walls adjacent to the upper cathode surface placing the target material in an exposed state. Also, blocks are provided for supporting the cathode within the shield in a spaced electrically insulated relationship relative to the shield such that a gap is defined between the cathode and the bottom and side walls of the shield.

Abstract: An apparatus for planarizing an aluminum layer on a semiconductor wafer includes two deposition sources. The first source applies a refractory metal silicide layer to form a barrier to oxygen. The wafer is moved to a second deposition source which is an aluminum sputter device including a heater for the wafer, R.F. bias on the wafer and a magnetic mirror behind the wafer to move the plasma away from the wafer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reproducing an image and transferring same onto an end-use support. A positive electrolytically inert electrode is provided in the form of an endless elongated belt moving at substantially constant speed along a closed horizontal path and having an electrode active surface extending vertically. A plurality of negative electrolytically inert electrodes which are electrically insulated from one another are arranged side-by-side in rectilinear alignment to define a series of corresponding electrode active surfaces disposed transversely of the belt and spaced from the positive electrode active surface thereof by a constant predetermined electrode gap. The electrode gap is filled with a substantially liquid colloidal dispersion containing an electrolytically coagulable colloid, a liquid dispersing medium and a soluble electrolyte and having a substantially constant temperature.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of a tetraalkyl 1,1,2,2-ethenetetracarboxylate by the electrolysis of a liquid electrolysis medium containing diethyl malonate, an iodide ion electrolyte, and methanol. The electrolysis is run with a current density within the range of about 15 mA/cm.sup.2 to about 80 mA/cm.sup.2 and at a temperature within the range of about 25.degree. to about 60.degree. C.

Abstract: A first target for a magnetron sputter device has a planar annular emitting surface bounded by an inner radius R1 and an outer radius R2. A second target has a concave emitting surface defined by a side wall of a frustum of a cone. The second target is limited by an inner radius R3 and outer radius R4. R3 is greater than R2. Each target element has pins in diametrically opposite holes to assist in holding the target elements in situ in bayonet slots in the sputter device. The targets are fit closely in cooling rings so that as the targets heat during operation, thermal expansion of the targets assists thermal conduction into the cooling rings.

Abstract: There is described a scintillation medium comprising at least one diisopropylnaphthalene, wherein said at least one diisopropylnaphthalene is liquid at a temperature of 5.degree. C.There is also described a method of detecting .beta.-ray emissions using the scintillation medium.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a fluorescent ink layer for a fluorescent thermal transfer sheet is disclosed. The method comprises first forming a solution of a mixture comprising at least one acidic monomer, at least one basic monomer and at least one fluorescent dye. Thereafter, an emulsion of the solution is formed and the emulsion is polymerized.

Abstract: An apparatus for electrophoretically separating, visualizing and photographing DNA fragments in agarose gels, the apparatus including an electrophoresis chamber havng a platform and an electrode located on each side of the platform, a transilluminator having a UV light source, a frame defining a viewing opening over said light source, and a UV filtering cover for enclosing said viewing opening, a tray having movable gates for defining an enclosure for the agarose gel in one position and for locating the tray on the platform in the chamber in the other position, and a camera assembly adapted to be mounted on the frame in the transilluminator for providing 1:1 magnification photographs of the DNA fragment migration patterns.

Abstract: Electrophoretic fractionation apparatus well adopted for separating solutions containing diverse substances dissolved therein, e.g.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an organic trihalomethyl derivative comprising electrolytically reducing a compound of the formula:Cl.sub.x F.sub.3-x C--Brin which x is equal to 0, 1 or 2, in a reaction medium also containing an electrophilic substrate which is void of electrochemical activity at the reduction potential of said compound, and a support electrolyte in an aprotic solvent for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form the desired organic trihalomethyl derivative.

Abstract: Resin based, film-forming compositions such as adhesives are coded for identification by dispersing insoluble fluorescent taggant particles within the resin phase of the composition. The taggant is readily identifiable even after long term storage or service on a floor or wall by peeling away the floor covering such as carpet and examining a sample of the layer of adhesive under fluorescent light to determine the pattern size and color of the taggant particles. If the particles are not readily visible, the sample can be scraped with a sharp instrument such as a putty knife to expose the taggants. If the particles are still not visible, the sample is dissolved in a heavy solvent for the resin binder and the taggant particles will often float to the top where they can be observed for size and color. Failing this, the solution and residue can be separated by filltration whereby the taggants are easily detected.

Abstract: There is described an electrolytic cell and a process for removing the halide or other anion from an organic salt having as general formula A+X--, wherein A+ is an organic cation and X-- is a halide or other anion. Typical compounds of this type are the hydrohalides of nitrogen bases or other salts or hydrosalts of such bases or compounds notably salts (hydrohalides) of quaternary ammonium bases or of amines or amides. However the process herein contemplated may be applied to the removal of anions, e.g. chloride, which are present as an impurity or in combination with the organic compound.