Abstract: Two cycle internal combustion engines including a cylinder which is provided with one or more exhaust ports adapted to be closed by piston reciprocating in the cylinder. A valve member is provided in co-operation with the upper portion or upper one of the exhaust ports. Said valve member may be interconnected with the engine throttle valve in such a manner that it is closed under lower speed operation and opened under high speed operation of the engine so as to obtain optimum exhaust valve timing throughout the engine operating speed range.

Abstract: According to the invention, the fuel is supplied to the reformed-gas generator in an amount at least approximately proportional to the instantaneous demand of the internal-combustion engine and is mixed there, in atomized or evaporated form, with so much air and/or fed-back exhaust gas drawn in through the reformed-gas generator that for the air component of the mixture, the air number for the reaction of the fuel in the converter is at least 0.05 but not more than 0.5 and the exhaust gas component does not fall below the exhaust gas quantity equivalent to the air number 0.05 and does not exceed the exhaust gas quantity equivalent to the air number 0.5. The fuel gas mixture produced in this manner, prior to being fed to the combustion chambers of the internal-combustion engine, is mixed with enough additional air sucked in by the internal-combustion engine such that the air number for the combustion in these combustion chambers is at least equal to 1.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a two-cycle internal combustion engine including a cylinder having a fuel intake port, an exhaust port, and an inlet port located intermediate the intake port and the exhaust port, a piston reciprocably mounted in the cylinder, a crankcase having a drains collecting area, and a conduit means connected in liquid communication with the drains collecting area and with the inlet port, whereby the drains are recycled or recirculated from the drains collecting area to the cylinder for ultimate combustion therein in response to the cyclical variation of pressure in the crankcase and in the cylinder.

Abstract: Positive displacement type oil pump for two cycle engines, which is variable in displacement. The pump is provided with a pressure responsive diaphragm which is used to control the pump displacement. The diaphragm is subjected to the engine exhaust gas pressure so that the pump displacement is controlled in response to a change in the engine speed as well as to a change in the engine throttle valve opening.

Abstract: A spark plug ignited internal combustion engine in which each cylinder is provided with a turbulence chamber in which the exhaust valve is located. The cylinder head and the top of the piston cooperate during the compression stroke to define a guide channel through which combustible gases are introduced in off center manner to the turbulence chamber where a substantially single vortex flow is created. The spark plug is preferably located so that the sparking electrodes are in the turbulence chamber or nearby in the guide channel and are in close proximity to the top of the piston at TDC. In one embodiment, the inlet valve is located in a depression of the cylinder head so configured that, during the initial valve opening, the inflowing gases are constrained to flow toward the center of the combustion chamber, thereby preventing contact with the cylinder walls.

Abstract: A rotary valve system for a motor and the like includes a flow conduit and rotary valve means interposed in the flow conduit. Intermittent sealing means are provided for preventing flow through the flow conduit, comprising a sealing surface intermittently positionable in stationary, sealing relationship across the conduit. Means are also provided for moving the sealing surface into such stationary sealing relationship with the flow conduit, and out of sealing relationship with the flow conduit in a manner correlating with the operation of the rotary valve means, to facilitate sealing as the valve operates.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with a dry sump lubrication, in which for purposes of emptying the separate oil reservoir tank and the oil sump, a common oil discharge bolt is provided, and in which the line coming from the oil reservoir tank terminates in the bore for the oil discharge bolt ahead of the thread for the oil discharge bolt--as viewed from the outside--provided in the bore leading to the oil sump; the thread for the oil discharge bolt is thereby covered off on the side facing the engine oil sump by an oil seal formed by collected spray oil.

Abstract: A gas injection system for an internal combustion engine including a combustion chamber having an inlet port connected to a main intake passage in which a throttle valve is mounted, and an injection bore provided on the combustion chamber and connected to one end of a secondary intake passage which is opened and closed by a secondary inlet valve, said system comprising a port provided in a wall of said main intake passage upstream of the throttle valve and connected to the other end of the secondary intake passage, through which air or an air-fuel mixture is led and strongly injected from said injection bore by a high negative pressure produced in the combustion chamber, and another port provided in the wall of said main intake passage slightly downstream of the throttle valve at its idle-open position, an amount of said injected gas being controlled by a negative pressure produced at said another port.

Abstract: A device for aspiration of lubricating oil from the supply of a combustion engine that may at times be moved out of a normal position into a different position, in particular an upside-down position, by means of a lubricant pump delivering the oil to the bearing surfaces of the engine.

Abstract: A common actuator is provided for connecting a starter motor to an engine and concurrently for operating means for temporarily effecting an increase in the amount of injected fuel to a value for starting the engine and a safety device is provided for preventing the actuator and the starter motor for being actuated even if a starter key switch is erroneously switched on after the starting of the engine has been completed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a plurality of cylinders arranged in rows in an engine block, with reciprocable pistons in the cylinders. A cylindrical valve housing chamber is defined in the block over each row of cylinders and communicates with the cylinders through an inlet-exhaust passage in each cylinder. A rotary valve is rotatably mounted in the valve housing chamber and has a plurality of circumferentially spaced intake and exhaust passages with apertures defined in the valve surface which are selectively alignable over the inlet-exhaust passages of the respective cylinders. To further insure a complete burning of the air-fuel mixture, a bomb valve chamber is provided adjacent each cylinder haing a gas passage near the top of the pistons. The gas passage communicates the cylinder with the bomb valve chamber. A rotatable globe-draped bomb valve is selectively opened and closed to entrap a portion of the combustion products which are rich in unburned air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: A spark-ignition four-stroke gasoline engine, of the commonly mass-produced type having a plurality of cylinders provided each with two poppet valves mounted in a cylinder-head of the engine and constituting respectively an inlet valve, for passing a fuel-air mixture to the cylinder, and an exhaust valve for passing exhaust gases to an exhaust manifold of the engine, is given exhaust valves which are at least 7% greater in area than the inlet valves.

Abstract: An oil pump control lever 3 is spring biased toward the fully open or maximum supply position 3b to implement fail-safe engine operation if the control wire 4 for the lever is cut or loosened. The far end of the wire 4 is connected to a handlebar throttle control lever 8 on the opposite side of its pivot point 10 from the connection of a throttle control wire 7, and the torque applied to the throttle control lever by the throttle control wire exceeds that applied by the oil supply control wire.

Abstract: An improved two-cycle internal combustion engine with a novel intake, exhaust and piston arrangement in which a fresh charge for combustion is advantageously transferred through the piston and all valves in the engine operate in response to changes in dynamic pressure generated within the engine. The piston includes at least one charging passage through its top surface with a pressure sensitive valve affixed to the top surface of the piston for preventing flow of a fresh charge through the charging passage in the absence of a greater pressure differential caused by the intake charge against the undersurface of the pressure sensitive valve.

Abstract: Variable displacement reciprocating piston engine arrangements are disclosed wherein pistons drive a variable displacement oscillating rocker member connected with an oscillating lever that in turn drives a rotating shaft through a crank mechanism. The rocker member and oscillating lever are engaged at a sliding joint displaced from their spaced axes, forming an angular multiplier drive. The rocker member and its axis are movable to vary the piston stroke by changing the lever arm of the oscillating shaft connection with the rocker member, while at the same time the piston compression ratio is held constant or varied in a predetermined manner through adjustment of the piston positions by the same movement of the rocker member. Various drive and balancing arrangements are disclosed.

Abstract: A compression spring coupling is provided between the engine piston and the crankshaft in a four cycle, reciprocating, internal combustion engine. This spring, when extended to the full extent permitted, is held compressed by a force equal to the piston force required to compress the fuel mixture for proper combustion under no load or very light load. Under no load on the engine the spring acts as a stiff coupling between the engine piston and the crankshaft. At heavier loads the spring is resiliently compressed in proportion to the load. The engine displacement is substantially smaller at no load and light loads than under heavy loads.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus includes an injection pump having a fuel quantity control rod, the setting of which is determined by a governor mechanism; the governor mechanism includes a first pivotal link which is moved by a servo-mechanism controlled by means responsive to the speed of the associated engine; the servo-mechanism effects movement of the link about a first pivot axis; a second link is pivotally connected to the first link, and movable pivot means is disposed in a slot formed in the second link; the second link is connected to the control rod and operator adjustable means is provided for moving the pivot means to adjust the amount of fuel supplied to the engine.

Abstract: Two stroke engines of crankcase precompression type comprising an integral main body block which includes a cylinder block section and a crankcase upper section, and to which a crankcase lower section and a cylinder head are secured at the lower and upper ends thereof. The body block is formed with scavenging passages of which lower ends are substantially straight so as to facilitate removal of the block from manufacturing dies. The engine includes a crankshaft which is supported by bearings secured to the crankcase lower section by means of separate semi-circular retaining members.

Abstract: An internal combustion type pile driver which has a cylinder, a ram adapted to slide within this cylinder, an anvil fitted into the bottom end of the cylinder and an air intake/exhaust port fixedly provided on said cylinder, is improved so that the height of rise of the ram may be adjustable. The improvement exists in providing a choke opening communicating the interior of the cylinder with the atmosphere for the purpose of adjusting a combustion gas pressure in a cylinder wall between the air intake/exhaust port and a combustion chamber, and either a choke plug or a blind plug is adapted to be fitted in to this choke opening.

Abstract: Insulating spaces or material formed on or disposed in an inlet valve seat partially insulates same to reduce the rate of heat dissipation into the cylinder head. The hotter than normal valve and valve seat insert heat and partially evaporate the HC layer adhering thereto thereby reducing the thickness thereof to a minimum.