Abstract: A multiplexer system for combining the signals from a multitude of spatia distributed sensors in a multi-sensor array. The system includes the fundamental features of combining signals from the spatially distributed sensors into a single composite signal, transmitting the composite signal to a receiving station, and decomposing it into its components in a demultiplexer at the receiving station.

Abstract: A pulse regeneration system for the sampling of a number of asynchronous pulse sources and for transmission of these pulses over a common data channel to a remote location. The transmitted pulses are delayed in time, but their width is reproduced with a high degree of integrity. The pulses transmitted by the system need not be of uniform time duration.

Abstract: An integrated message accounting system for use in a telephone system operating in time frames each consisting of a plurality of time slots. The system includes line groups each having a number of primary and secondary input and output portions for receiving input data signals and transmitting output data signals where one or the other of the primary and secondary portions is activated for receiving and transmitting the input and output signals. The system also includes a second number of time slot interchangers for connecting the active input portions to the active output portions where one of the interchangers is activated for connecting the input portions to the output portions. The system also includes a system controller for activating the primary or secondary portions and one of the interchangers.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for remote control wherein coded commands are transmitted from a transmitter to a receiver. A respective time interval between a first energy impulse starting the transmission and a second energy impulse concluding the transmission is utilized as the coding which characterizes the individual command. Time intervals rigidly allotted to the individual commands are selected differently such that the differences formed by subtracting the time intervals have at least partially different values in relation to one another. The remote control is particularly useful for remote control hobby equipment.

Abstract: Digital words defining magnitude levels of samples of phases of a wave cycle are stored in two memories arranged to store samples of 440 Hz and 480 Hz tones. The words are read out of the memories in a predetermined order which defines successive phases of the wave cycles, each word being read out a plurality of times before the next successive word is read to increase the sample rate without increasing the number of stored words. The words are converted to the defined levels to form step waves corresponding to the two tones and summed and the resultant composite wave is integrated to form a relatively smooth composite tone (ringback) signal.

Abstract: A signal processor is disclosed for operating on signals provided by a photodetector, particularly photodetectors, or arrays thereof, for use in image processing. The processor is particularly well implemented by use of charge-coupled device technology for sampling and processing the photodetector signals. The photodetector signals are sampled many times in a frame to provide a combined result representation of an image element in that frame to thereby reduce noise associated therewith.

Abstract: In a digital communication system in which the information is transmitted by successions of bits termed packets, stations may be called upon to perform the function of a relay between other stations. The stations which may be called upon to perform the function of a relay comprise: a checking device which merely checks the address code of a packet received; an eliminating and switching device which either destroys the packet (doubtful address code) or orients the packet toward receiving means pertaining to the station (address code identical to the code of the station) or toward the station corresponding to the address code by passing through a transit memory; and information producing means for producing packets within the station. The contents of the transit memory are transmitted in priority by the station.

Abstract: A digital switching unit is used in a multirate time-division multiplex digital switching network, in which first-order digital data channels transmitting words consisting of a given number of bits and having first rates which are different from, but multiple of, one another are given a first multiplexing converting them into the second-order digital data channels having a second predetermined rate. The switching unit comprises at least one buffer store in which the first-order channel words multiplexed into third-order channels are grouped at an address having first and second part, whose first part is the address of the second-order channel containing the first-order channel word in the third-order channel and whose second part is the address of the first-order channel in the second-order channel.

Abstract: An integrated switching and transmission of PCM words associated with channels and transferred on links utilizing the time-time switching principle is achieved by connecting an interhighway, i.e., a common time multiplex connection on which the PCM words are transferred in bus time slots, to inward and outward traffic memory arrangements each associated with one of the links. The memories store the words and in addition not only store, for each established connection channel, index numbers indicating the actual incoming and outgoing channel, but also a time index number indicating which bus time slot during an index read out phase is used for the connection. The phases are introduced in order to avoid the necessity of using memory access times corresponding to the bus time slots. Each phase comprises a number of bus time slots and each frame of the PCM words includes at least so many such phases as there are channels on each link.

Abstract: This relates to a signal processor which accepts the linear sum of several continuous (CW) direct sequence, spread spectrum signals, and outputs a sequence of narrow pulses, each of which contains all the available energy of one of the input signals. The CW signals are applied to the input of a tapped delay line, the contents of which are compared, in a parallel fashion, with the output of a code storage register. When correlation has been achieved, a narrow pulse is produced which contains all the available energy of one of the input signals. The circuit reduces the problem of continuously processing several simultaneous signals, conventionally performed with dedicated circuitry for each signal, to a sequential pulse processing operation, effectively timesharing the same single set of circuitry. Both amplitude and phase information is preserved through the processing technique allowing implementation in coherent and non-coherent system architectures.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for monitoring arcing of brushes used in the transfer of current signals to and from the field of a generator. Electrical signals from the brushes, which are applied to the disclosed monitor for analysis, may include brush arcing signals to be monitored and in addition high-amplitude noise spikes in the same frequency band as the brush arcing signals, the noise spikes thus masking accurate detection of low level brush arcing by conventional devices. A two-stage clipping network is provided in the monitor to raise the brush arcing/noise ratio and thus mitigate the masking effect of the noise spikes without loss of a portion of sampling interval during which arcing may occur.

Abstract: An electronic tour guide system is disclosed which provides messages about exhibits in a museum or the like to visitors carrying portable receivers. Audio sources which generate various messages are provided at a central location which are multiplexed and digitized and applied to one or more cables which extend to the covered areas. Receiver-transmitters are located along the cables and are adapted to decode one of the messages and transmit the same via infrared energy into a well defined area adjacent the exhibit, enabling a visitor having a receiver to receive the infrared radiated signal information and hear the message.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically correcting errors in the cyclic routing memory of a four-wire TDM telecommunication exchange. The address data in the cyclic routing memory for the control of each of the two switching paths for one four-wire connection through the exchange are each stored in a separate column of the cyclic routing memory. The address data includes parity bits for the input buffer storage device, and parity and busy bits for the switching matrix and group switch devices. The cyclic routing memory also include a common clock means for synchronizing all of the memory circuits with a given time period for a test word for checking synchronization of all of the memories in the exchange. Thus, if the data for the control of one of the switching paths should be lost due to a fault, these data can be derived from the data for the control of the other switching path of the same connection.

Abstract: A data transmission system is described wherein data in a plurality of constituent streams are received at a multiplexer, processed to form a single composite stream comprising time slots each carrying data from one constituent stream, transmitted in the composite stream over a communication link, and demultiplexed in a demultiplexer receiving the composite stream at the far end of the link to recover the original plurality of constituent streams in separate form. The system implements a protocol according to which a plurality of queues, each associated with one of the constituent streams and arranged and connected to receive and store data therefrom, are serviced by a sequence of time slots corresponding to a defined service sequence, the data in any one slot being derived from an associated queue, and being formed into codewords from a codeword set, with framing apparatus emitting terminator codewords to mark the ends of at least some slots.

Abstract: A radio control system having a plurality of individually adjustable manual controls for individually signaling the position to be assumed by each of a plurality of remotely located servo units and in which one manual control is interconnected to alter a plurality of servo signals with the extent of altering being capable of adjustment, reversing, centering and/or overshooting.

Abstract: A data verifier for verifying the operation of a multiplexing system. The data verifier generates test information as an input to the multiplexing system. The multiplexing system processes the test information in the same manner as normal data. The data verifier then detects demultiplexed output information and compares it with reference information to determine if the multiplex system has functioned properly. The multiplex system is typically a metering system for metering the use of trunk lines of a telephone switching exchange.

Abstract: An apparatus in a digital communication system for receiving and/or transmitting link control bytes of eight bits or in the alternative information bytes of any number of bits. Dynamic switching to different byte size in an information field is accomplished by utilizing a logic control field (LCF) as part of a message received or transmitted, comprising 8-bit bytes which are recursively extendable. The first octet of the LCF is a text control byte for identifying the number of bits in each byte contained in the accompanying text field transmitted or received, whereas the last LCF octet is indicated by setting the most significant bit (MSB) of the octet to 1. Apparatus responsive to the above fields for accomplishing the transition is disclosed.

Abstract: A time slot interchanging network for use in digital switching. Two shift registers are used, one coupled to receive information from the incoming highway, the other coupled to feed information to the outgoing highway. The shift registers are identical in bit capacity and coupled in parallel. A circulating memory operative at the clock rate of the registers is synchronized with the incoming register to control transfer gates feeding the outgoing register.

Abstract: Frame synchronization is achieved in a pulse code modulation receiver, including a receiving counter, of a pulse code modulation time division multiplex telecommunications network in response to receipt of frame synchronizing signals which occur in each m-th of the pulse frames on which the telecommunications system is based. A hunting process is carried out during a synchronizing time interval following the occurrence of frame synchronizing the signals at intervals of m pulse frames and in response to such occurrence a receiving counter is synchronized. The contents of the time sections in which the frame synchronizing signals can occur are stored for a period of m-l pulse frames, along with the time section contents of corresponding time sections of preceding and following pulse frames.

Abstract: An installation for transmitting telephone signals or data with time multiplexing for a plurality of subscriber sets divided into a number of groups. At least one pair of multiplexing gates actuated in synchronism are employed for each group, one for transmission and the other for reception. There is included at least one time multiplex connection, and at least one pair of first supplementary gates, respectively inserted between the multiplex connection and the transmission and reception gates connected to the subscriber sets in each single group. The first supplementary gates are actuated in synchronism with the corresponding transmission and reception gates. In the event of a fault in the transmission gate or reception gate connected to a subscriber set, the corresponding first supplementary gate is kept closed for the duration of the fault, thereby isolating the group; the remainder of the system is permitted to operate.