Abstract: A detachably interconnectable chain link and a chain comprising a plurality of the links in interconnected relation. The links are preferably of substantially figure 8-shaped configuration and comprise slightly resilient first and second substantially S-shaped link elements secured to each other in crossing relation so that they cooperate to define first and second substantially closed loops at the opposite extremities of the link with the adjacent terminal ends of the link elements in closely adjacent, but disconnected laterally offset relation. The links are interconnectable to form the chain by forcing the terminal ends of one link into interlocking engagement with the terminal ends of an adjacent link.

Abstract: The disclosed method features an automatic high production process of forming a socket wrench and other elongated hollow parts such as a nutdriver from a tubular metal workpiece. The method of making a nutdriver includes extruding a workpiece through a tapered female die to reduce both the inside and outside diameters at one end of the workpiece and along a predetermined portion of its length from that one end of the workpiece. A recess of non-circular cross section is formed at the other end of the workpiece. In the method of making a socket wrench, an additional step is included in forming another recess of non-circular cross section at the reduced end of the workpiece.

Abstract: A die casting apparatus for pumping molten metal from a heated container to a nozzle communicating with an inlet of a mold including a charging mechanism for charging the apparatus with a predetermined amount of molten metal from the container and a multi-piece holder removably joined together by fastener means. The holder defines a shot barrel chamber and a gooseneck chamber extending in a curved path from the charging mechanism to the nozzle. A refractory shot barrel is removably positioned in the shot barrel chamber in communication with the molten metal in the heated container, and two refractory insert halves are removably positioned in the gooseneck chamber and coact to define a gooseneck passage at their parting interface providing fluid communication between the outlet of the shot barrel and the inlet of the nozzle.

Abstract: A stack of detachably-connected, individually carryable bags of a plastic material, preferably plastic foil. Each bag has a front wall, a rear wall and an upper bag opening. The bag walls of each bag are provided with centrally positioned punch-out pieces positioned opposite each other adjacent the upper bag opening. The punch-out pieces may be removed by hand to form handle grips. The punch-out pieces of each of the bags in the ones of the bag walls that are on one and the same side of all of the bags in the stack are removed. Uniting the individual bags into a single stack without additional structural members is possible, when the punch-out pieces remaining in the stack and constructed as oblong perforations are interlocked with each other.

Abstract: The piston rod of a longitudinal feed cylinder of a tracer controlled lathe is connected with the lathe carriage by means of an operative connection consisting of another hydraulic cylinder or a cam arrangement which permits the rod of the feed cylinder to continue movement in the feed direction while maintaining the carriage in a fixed position. This permits the cutting tool mounted on the cross slide to machine a sharp shoulder on the workpiece perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the lathe spindle. The circuit includes a tracer valve that is variably restricted in accordance with movement of a stylus following a contoured template. The tracer valve is conneted to a feed line from a high pressure pump which extends directly or indirectly to one side of a hydraulic cylinder for displacing the cross slide in the carriage. The opposite side of the cross slide cylinder is connected to a low pressure pump.

Abstract: A die casting apparatus for pumping molten metal from a heated container to a nozzle communicating with an inlet of a mold including a charging mechanism for charging the apparatus with a predetermined amount of molten metal from the container and a multi-piece holder removably joined together by a fastener. The holder defines a shot barrel chamber and a gooseneck chamber extending in a curved path from the charging mechanism to the nozzle. A refractory shot barrel is removably positioned in the shot barrel chamber in communication with the molten metal in the heated container, and two refractory insert halves are removably positioned in the gooseneck chamber and coact to define a gooseneck passage at their parting interface providing fluid communication between the outlet of the shot barrel and the inlet of the nozzle.

Abstract: A support roll is provided with a plurality of surface near axis parallel cooling ducts extending from a cylindrical manifold chamber into which coolant is fed through a stationary hollow rod having openings and carrying on one end a disk which remains stationary and provides variable rate of feeding into the ducts as the roll rotates such that the duct adjacent a surface portion of the roll in contact with the casting receives maximum coolant flow.

Abstract: An improved machine tool (10) utilizing force transmitting joints for securing a way block (32) to a one-piece cast bed (12). The way block (32) and one-piece bed (12) have interlocking projections (70) and recesses (72) for transmitting the load between the two joined surfaces. A hardenable, castable filler (84, 86, 88) is provided between the interlocking projections (70) and recesses (72) and between other selected portions (100, 104) of the way block (32) and cast bed (12) to provide for accurate positioning of the way block (32) with respect to the driven spindle assembly (18). Securing means such as bolts (76) or an adhesive is provided for holding the way block (32) in place. During operation, the shearing loads generated by the metal cutting process are directly transmitted from the way block (32) through filler (86) to the cast bed (12). This reduces the size and sophistication required of the securing means which holds down the way block (32).

Abstract: An installation for processing unlimbed or delimbed trees in a terminal landing comprises a processing unit (14) which is movable on a track (13) running along a storage of unlimbed or delimbed trees (12). The processing unit (14) includes a loading crane (23) for taking trees from the storage (11) and feeding them, butt end foremost, into a processing assembly (24). The processing assembly (24) cuts the trees to logs which are allowed to drop onto a log receiving bed (15) having an inclined plane on which the logs are parallelized with the track (13) and caused to be uniformly directed, whereupon they are transported to a sorting installation by a horizontal conveyor (16) positioned along the lower edge of the inclined plane.

Abstract: A method of reducing the thickness of a slab of metal under conditions that tend to produce alligator defects in the ends of the slab, the method comprising the steps of tapering at least one end of the slab and directing the same into a rolling mill. The tapered end of the slab is reduced in thickness in the mill, the amount of reduction increasing as the tapered end passes through the mill. The slab continues through the mill to reduce the thickness of the same. The end of the slab is again tapered and directed again through a rolling mill, with each of said tapers providing combinations of entry thickness to thickness reduction such that the reduction taken in the area of each taper is in an entry thickness to thickness reduction zone that does not produce alligatoring in the ends of the slab. The remaining untapered portion of the slab is reduced in thickness in the mill in an entry thickness to thickness reduction zone in which alligator formation tends to occur.

Abstract: A system for the automatic adjustment of the pressure pad holding force in accordance with the thickness of the workpiece and the forming tool stroke includes a force transducer and a displacement transducer. The force transducer is used to monitor the force between the pressure pad and the workpiece. The output of the displacement transducer is continually read as the part is being formed. The workpiece thickness and forming tool stroke are used to calculate the optimum holding force. The pressure of a fluid system is adjusted to change the holding force to the optimum value.

Abstract: A rotary cutter for holding replaceable cutting inserts includes a cylindrical bore having a generally radially-disposed axis which makes an acute angle with the insert cutting face, thus forming a wedge-shaped portion in the holder between the insert-supporting face and the axis of the bore. A cylindrical locking member is received in the bore. An insert-retaining locking screw threadedly engages the locking member. The wedge-shaped portion of the holder causes increased tension in the locking screw during rotation of the cutter, which insures insert retention at high rotational speeds.

Abstract: A folding device for folding a web material made of plastics or the like to a predetermined length in a Z-shaped manner. In this device, a web material is guided around folded end holding members, which are suitably, linearly movable to and from respective folding end positions of the web material, by means of a feed mechanism for feeding the web material while the feed mechanism reciprocates between both folded end positions, so that the web material can be folded in a Z-shaped manner.

Abstract: The invention will sharpen worn phillipshead screwdrivers. The invention contains four files that fit into the grooves of a phillipshead screwdriver. The worn phillipshead screwdriver is sharpened when the worn phillipshead screwdriver is moved in-and-out of the invention.

Abstract: A press forming process is composed of a step of removing wrinkles of the surface of a curved elongate flat sheet metal workpiece which has been prepared by a so-called edge bending process. The wrinkle removing step is carried out prior to a U-shape bending step in which the workpiece is bent to have a U-shaped cross-section in order to obtain an curved elongate channel-shaped article, thereby improving the quality of the resulting article while preventing press dies from being damaged.

Abstract: A tool holder for a recess cutting tool that is used to make a recess cut in a workpiece is disclosed. The tool holder is positioned on a machine tool and the machine tool has a spindle for holding the workpiece and a moveable tool slide for advancing the recess cutting tool towards the workpiece. The tool holder has a tool carrier means positioned on the moveable tool slide and the tool carrier means is adapted for securely holding the recess cutting tool. The tool carrier means is disposed for advancing with the tool slide towards the workpiece and being radially displaced with respect to the tool slide to make a recess cut in the workpiece. An adjustable rod is connected to the tool carrier means. The rod extends from the tool carrier means in a direction towards the workpiece. An adjustment stop is positioned on the machine tool adjacent the workpiece. The stop extends from the machine tool towards the tool carrier means.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for automatically effecting a widthwise folding of a long, flexible web advanced therethrough. The web is trained about a first roller at a point where the folding begins and about a second roller at a point where the folding ends. A displacement edge or bar is mounted in a fixed location equidistant from the first and second rollers, and a portion of the web is trained about the displacement edge or bar during the folding. Webs of different widths are accommodated by adjusting the positions of the first and second rollers without changing the shapes of three similar triangles. The first triangle is defined by a first point where a first edge of the web intersects the first roller, a second point where the same edge of the web intersects the second roller, and a third point where the opposite edge of the web intersects the first roller.

Abstract: In a positioning control device for guiding the side edges of an elongated strip at the entrance into a hot-rolled wide strip finish rolling mill train, guidance feed members are displaced transversely of the rolling direction by piston-cylinder assemblies. Appropriate displacement of the guidance feed members depends on continuously transmitted measured actual values of the strip position within the rolling train which are compared with preset required values. If the width of the strip exceeds a nominal width then large deformation of the strip side edges occurs along with axial reaction forces in the roller supports of the first rolling stand in the finish rolling mill.

Abstract: A rope (21) is packed into a container (31) in such a manner as to permit easy extraction therefrom in that the rope by means of a winding head (25) is coiled with the coil center situated between the center line and periphery of the container (31). For this purpose a rope supply reel (20) is mounted on a supporting device (15) which is rotatable about a fixed vertical shaft (30). The rope (21) is pulled from the reel (20) down into the container (31) by means of the winding head (25) which is connected to the supporting device (15) for rotation with it. The winding head (25) is arranged in the space between the center line and periphery of the container, and means (30, 34-42) are provided to rotate the container (31) about its axis and at the same time axially displace the container so that layer after layer of line coils are placed upon each other.

Abstract: A die clamp adapted to be firmly mounted in a press has a body on which a clamping lever is rockably supported. The lever is rocked to and from a die clamping position by a rotatable cam. A screw connected to the cam by a link is shifted axially by rotating a nut on the clamp to rotate the clamp and thereby rock the lever to and from its clamping position.