Abstract: New and valuable process for the production of 2,5-dimethylfuran-3-carboxylic amides by reaction of acyloxypropionaldehyde with acetoacetamide.

Abstract: The title compound is made by the direct bromination of citraconic anhydride in the vapor phase at 200.degree.-500.degree. C. with a contact time of less than about 20 seconds. The reactants are preferably diluted with an inert solvent, such as a halogenated hydrocarbon and/or a gaseous diluent, such as N.sub.2.

Abstract: Molybdenum - vanadium - oxygen oxidation catalyst for producing maleic anhydride from benzene is regenerated and stabilized by the addition of a compound of Mo, Ni, Co, Mn or U, preferably a volatile compound, to the catalyst, after a decline in activity.

Abstract: Compositions containing an .alpha.-chloroacetanilide compound of the formula ##SPC1##Wherein R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary alkyl radicals of 1-3 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and primary and secondary alkyl radicals of 2-3 carbon atoms, are useful for protecting various agronomic crops from undesirable weed infestation. Presently preferred because of their optimum selective herbicidal activity are those compounds wherein R.sup.1 of the above structure is either methyl or ethyl and R.sup.2 is ethyl.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of metal-free phthalocyanine, wherein 4 moles of phthalonitrile are reacted with 0.05 to 0.3 mole of anhydrous alkali sulphide in an inert organic solvent having a boiling point higher than 130.degree. C, in the presence of 0.5 to 3 equivalents of an alcohol having a boiling point higher than 130.degree. C, at temperatures of between 100.degree. C and the boiling point of the solvent and alcohol, respectively.

Abstract: 4-(3-NITROPHENYL)PYRIDINE, AN INTERMEDIATE USEFUL IN THE PREPARATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIALLY ACTIVE 1-ALKYL-1,4-DIHYDRO-4-OXO-7-(4-PYRIDYL)-3-QUINOLINECARBOXYLIC ACIDS, IS PREPARED BY REACTING 4-(4-DIMETHYLAMINOPHENYL)PYRIDINE (I) with a demethylating agent to yield 4-(4-aminophenyl)pyridine (II), reacting said 4-aminophenyl compound (II) with a lower-alkanoylating agent to yield 4-[4-(lower-alkanoylamino)-phenyl]pyridine (III), nitrating the 4-(lower-alkanoylamino)-phenyl derivative (III) to yield 4-[4-(lower-alkanoylamino)-3-nitrophenyl]pyridine (IV), hydrolyzing the 4-(lower-alkanoylamino)-3-nitrophenyl compound (IV) to yield 4-(4-amino-3-nitrophenyl)-pyridine (V), and removing the 4-amino group of V by diazotization and reaction of the diazonium salt with a deaminating reducing agent to produce said intermediate 4-(3-nitrophenyl)pyridine (VI). Intermediates IV and V are novel.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pyridines, which comprises contacting in the vapor phase saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon of more than one carbon atom, ammonia, and molecular oxygen, with the catalyst composed of solid acid containing at least tellurium, said solid acid containing the acid of which acid strength (Ho) is not weaker than 4.8.

Abstract: Intermediate compounds useful for manufacturing herbicidal active sulfoxide and sulfone compounds are described herein. The compounds have the following generic formula: ##EQU1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and haloalkyl; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together can form a heterocyclic ring structure having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms or alkyl substituted heterocyclic ring structure. The heterocyclic ring can be provided with cross-bonding.

Abstract: Phenothiazine derivatives are described of the formula ##SPC1##In which X.sub.1 and X.sub.2, which may be the same or different, are H, R, F, Cl, Br, OR, CN, --COR, CH.sub.3, --S--R, --SOR, --SO.sub.2 R or --SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2, where R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the quinuclidine ring is substituted by the group --(CH.sub.2).sub.x -- in the 2- or 3- position, x being 1 or 2 when said group is substituted in the 2-position and being 0 or 1 when said group is substituted in the 3-position (because of electronic hindrance), and their acid addition and quaternary ammonium salts, have valuable pharmacological properties. In particular, these compounds have anti-histaminic, anti-cholinergic, adrenolytic, neuro-sedative, tranquillizing and/or spasmolytic properties.These compounds are prepared by condensing an appropriate phenothiazine with a quinuclidine derivative of the formula ##SPC2##In which x has the above-stated meaning and Z is a halogen atom or a reactive ester group.

Abstract: Stabilization of maleic anhydride with stannous compounds, such as stannous chloride and stannous salts of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A process for the separation of .gamma.-oxo-2-dibenzofuranbutyric acid from a mixture of said acid and .gamma.-oxo-3-dibenzofuranbutyric acid is disclosed. Such a mixture is obtained by the prior art method of preparing .gamma.-oxo-2-dibenzofuranbutyric acid from dibenzofuran and succinic anhydride in a Friedel-Crafts reaction. The mixture of acids is converted to a mixture of their corresponding lower alkyl esters which is separated by recrystallization or chromatography into its component alkyl esters. Hydrolysis of the lower alkyl ester of .gamma.-oxo-2-dibenzofuranbutyric acid gives the desired corresponding acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of copper phthalocyanine which comprises heating 4 moles of phthalodinitrile with about 1 mole of cuprous chloride at a temperature of from 140.degree. to 300.degree.C. in the presence of 10% to 30%, with respect to the weight of phthalodinitrile, of an ammonium salt which decomposes at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 200.degree.C. with the liberation of ammonia; and copper phthalocyanine prepared by this process.

Abstract: Anti-inflammatory agents of the formula ##EQU1## wherein X may be hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, haloalkylthio, alkoxy, hydroxy, alkylthio, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, amino, alkanoylamino, or mono- or dialkylamino wherein any of the foregoing alkyl or substituted alkyl radicals contain up to 8 carbon atoms; m may be 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; each A may be carbon, but one A may be nitrogen in any position provided n is 1; Y may be sulfur, sulfoxide, sulfonyl, or oxygen; n may be 0 or 1; R may be a straight or branched alkyl of up to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of from 3 to 8 carbon atoms; X-substituted phenyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, naphthyl, alkylphenyl or alkenylphenyl wherein the alkyl or alkenyl radical may contain up to 4 carbon atoms either straight chain or branched; Z may be ##EQU2## wherein R' is hydrogen, vinyl, allyl or R, or ##EQU3## alk may be a straight or branched carbon chain of up to 6 carbon atoms; and B may be a basic nitrogen-containing radical; and pharmaceutically acceptable acid-add

Abstract: This disclosure teaches a method for employing novel carbamoylphosphonates such as ammonium ethyl carbamoylphosphonate, ammonium isopropyl carbamoylphosphonate and ammonium allyl carbamoylphosphonate to regulate the growth rate of plants.

Abstract: The compounds are amides of 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid, having valuable pharmacodynamic properties in that they are active against Columbia SK polio virus in warm-blooded animals.

Abstract: There is disclosed a simple, economical process for preparing 2,5-dimethyl-3-(2H)-furanone by hydrolysis of the dimer of diacetyl at a temperature of 20.degree.C to 120.degree.C and in the presence of an acid, mineral or organic, or of a cationic resin, with elimination of a acetic acid.

Abstract: Nitriles, such as acrylonitrile, are converted to the corresponding amides by a catalytic liquid phase hydrolysis employing as the homogeneous catalyst, the reaction product of a rhodium compound and a thiophosphite.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method which provides substantially zero acid number polytetramethylene ether glycol thus making it possible to regard polytetramethylene ether glycol as a fungible commodity. The improvement is achieved by complete removal of a trace impurity, believed to be n-butyl aldehyde, from dry tetrahydrofuran, by contact with molecular sieves of a particular definition, prior to the polymerization of the tetrahydrofuran in the production of polytetramethylene ether glycol.

Abstract: Dichlorocyanurate silver complexes of the formulas (Ag).sub.1 (A).sub.1 (Z).sub.2 and (Ag).sub.2 (B).sub.1 (Z).sub.4 wherein Z is the dichlorocyanurate radical (C.sub.3 N.sub.3 O.sub.2 Cl.sub.2)-, A is an alkali metal and B is an alkaline earth metal. The compounds possess antibacterial activity.

Abstract: An unsaturated carbonyl compound, for example, one expressed by the following formula ##EQU1## is prepared by maintaining at an elevated temperature an allyl acetal of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehyde, for example, one expressed by the following formula ##EQU2## or a novel dienyl ether derived from it, for example, one expressed by the following formula ##EQU3## The allyl acetal can be derived, for example, from .beta.-methylcrotonaldehyde having 5 carbon atoms and prenyl alcohol having 5 carbon atoms. It is possible therefore to introduce an allyl residue containing at least 3 carbon atoms into the carbon atoms at the .gamma.-position to the carbonyl group of an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated aldehyde containing at least 5 carbon atoms by a reaction consisting of the reduced number of steps. Moreover, the unsaturated aldehyde having the increased number of carbon atoms can be formed at a high yield by a relatively simple reaction.