Abstract: A lubricant additive composition for use with petroleum base lubricant media. The additive is formed of an admixture of about 1 to about 3 parts by weight copper metal flake or powder particles having a size of about 1 to about 2 microns, about 2 to about 4 parts by weight chromium metal flake or powder particles having a size of about 1 to about 2 microns, about 1 to about 3 parts by weight zinc metal flake or powder particles having a size of about 1 to about 2 microns and about 2 to about 4 parts by weight molybdenum disulfide particles having a size of about 1 to about 2 microns. The additive is admixed with a petroleum base lubricant in the weight ratio of from about 0.001 to about 0.015 parts by weight additive per part by weight lubricant medium. The lubricant and admixed additive, when utilized in an internal combustion engine, increases the engine compression and reduces noxious emissions.

Abstract: Additives for lubricants and fuels having the general structure ##STR1## wherein R is H, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2 or ##STR2## and R.sub.1 is an alkyl moiety containing at least about 8 carbon atoms or a substantially saturated olefin polymer having an average molecular weight of from about 200 to about 5000. Polyamino substituted cycloaliphatic compounds simultaneously treated with at least one olefin polymer substituted succinic anhydride or at least one alkyl substituted succinic anhydride in which the alkyl moiety contains at least about 8 carbon atoms produce such oil-dispersible compositions.

Abstract: Ethylene/C.sub.3-12 .alpha.-monoolefin copolymers having an average molecular weight of about 10,000-1,000,000 containing about 1-10 pendent amide and/or ester groups per each 10,000 molecular weight are effective ashless dispersants and impart viscosity lift to lubricating oils. They are made by the permanganate oxidation of ethylene/C.sub.3-12 .alpha.-monoolefin/non-conjugated diene terpolymers which oxidizes the residual olefinic double bond of the diene unit to a carboxylic acid which is amidated and/or esterified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use, as a hydraulic fluid or metalworking lubricant, of compositions having water as a base and yet possessing superior lubricating and wear preventing characteristics. The fluids of the invention comprise (1) a water-soluble polyoxyethylated ester of an aliphatic acid and a monohydric or polyhydric aliphatic alcohol, either one or both said acid and said alcohol being polyoxyethylated (2) a sulfurized molybdenum or antimony compound or alternatively mixtures of (1) and (2) with (3) a phosphate ester. The compositions can be thickened, if desired, using for instance polyglycol, polyacrylic and polyvinyl alcohol type thickeners. The use of corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators and other adjuvants conventional in this art is also contemplated.

Abstract: A method for producing plastic and liquid lubricants characterized by conducting a dispersion of the starting components, such as thickeners or reagents for the formation thereof, additives and fillers and base liquids into a vortical bed of ferromagnetic particles formed under the action of a rotating magnetic field.The proposed method makes it possible to reduce the duration of chemical reactions between the dispersed components of lubricants by thousands of times as compared to the known batch processes and by dozens of times as compared to the known continuous processes. The method provides continuous conduction of technological processes with high productivity, reduces by 10-20% specific consumption of expensive components, by 2-3 times the consumption of energy, and allows the process to be conducted at lower temperatures and pressures.

Abstract: Extreme pressure additives are provided which are used in lubricant compositions. The extreme pressure additives of this invention are prepared by sulfurizing a mixture comprised of (a) 50-85% by weight of an ester of a higher fatty acid and glycerol, or a mono-lower-aliphatic ester of fatty acid, or mixtures thereof and (b) 50-15% by weight of a mono-alpha-unsaturated olefin having about 15-20 carbon atoms. The extreme pressure additives of this invention are especially useful in improving the high pressure characteristics of greases, gear oils, way lubricants and the like.

Abstract: Ashless lubricant additive compositions which contain a small but effective amount of overbased aminoguanidine sulfonate, sufficient to impart acid neutralization, antitrust, anticorrosive, dispersant, and detergent properties, are formed by reacting greater than about one mole of aminoguanidine with one mole of a hydrocarbon sulfonic acid.

Abstract: Process of preparation of fluid overbased, particularly highly overbased, magnesium-containing colloidal dispersions wherein a partial mixture is formed of an oil-soluble sulfonic acid as such or admixed with an oil-soluble aliphatic hydrocarbon monocarboxylic acid, a volatile aliphatic or aromatic or chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, a special grade or readily reactive form of magnesium oxide for neutralization and overbasing purposes, and an alcohol, carbonating the mixture with a controlled limited amount of carbon dioxide, in the presence of an added activator, adding a nonvolatile diluent oil, stabilizing the colloidal dispersion, removing undesired sediment and then heating to distill off the volatile materials.

Abstract: Lubricating oils having improved antioxidant and antiwear properties are obtained by adding a minor amount of a reaction product made by reacting an olefinic hydrocarbon containing about 6-18 carbon atoms and about 1-3 olefinic double bonds concurrently with sulfur and hydrogen sulfide to obtain a reaction intermediate and reacting this intermediate with additional olefin hydrocarbon which may be the same or different. Preferred olefinic hydrocarbons are dicyclopentadiene and alloocimene.

Abstract: A lubricant for forming a ferrous metal blank into a preselected configuration by warm- or hot-forming procedures. The lubricant is an alkali-modified borate glass containing a minor mole percent of an alkali metal oxide, preferably sodium oxide. The glass is formed in situ on the surface to be lubricated by depositing on the surface a glass-forming mixture of a source of boron oxide and an alkali metal borate and then heating the mixture to form the glass.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula I, and mixtures thereof, ##STR1## in which R is linear alkyl having 12 to 24 C atoms, branched alkyl having 8 to 30 C atoms or alkylated phenyl or phenyl-alkyl having 8 to 24 C atoms, X is an oxygen or sulphur atom, n is a value from 0.5 to 8 or an integer from 1 to 8 and R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a radical of the formula ##STR2## in which m is 0 or integers from 1 to 3, are excellent extreme-pressure additives in lubricants.

Abstract: A turbine lubricant having outstanding oxidation stability, corrosion resistance and good viscosity stability is based on a liquid mixed isopropylphenyl/phenyl phosphate ester and contains small amounts of bis[4-(dimethylamino) phenyl]methane, benzotriazole and a mixed mono- and dialkylphosphate of the formula RH.sub.2 PO.sub.4 and R.sub.2 HPO.sub.4, wherein R is an alkyl group of 8-12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Graft copolymers wherein the backbone polymer is a rubbery, oil soluble ethylene-propylene copolymer or ethylene-propylene diene modified terpolymer and the graft monomer is a C-vinylpyridine or N-vinylpyrrolidone impart dispersant properties to hydrocarbon fuels and combined viscosity index improvement and dispersant properties to lubricating oils for internal combustion engines. The graft copolymers are prepared by intimate admixture of backbone polymer, graft monomer and free radical initiator at a temperature below initiation temperature, followed by a temperature increase to or above initiation temperature, thus providing a product containing little or no byproduct.

Abstract: Metal lubricants having solubility in soft or hard water, excellent cutting, grinding, forming and machine lubrication are provided by poly(oxyalkylene) compounds grafted with about 3 to 15% by weight of acrylic or methacrylic acid followed by neutralization with an alkanolamine.

Abstract: Lubricating compositions and shaped articles composed thereof for use in bearings and the like are described which consist essentially of about 50 to about 90% by weight of an oil of lubricating viscosity and about 50 to about 10% by weight of polymethylpentene having an average molecular weight in the range from about 3 to about 5 million; the oil being a mineral oil, a diester oil or preferably a synthetic hydrocarbon oil, and having a viscosity in the range from about 15 to about 300 millimeters.sup.2 /second (mm.sup.2 /s) at 38.degree. C. (100.degree. F.

Abstract: The prevention or substantial reversal of octane requirement increase in a spark-ignited, internal combustion engine is achieved by introducing, with the combustion intake charge, a fuel and/or lubricant composition containing an octane requirement increase-inhibiting amount of a high surface area, solid acid catalyst having an average particle size in the range of about 0.01 to 10 microns and an average non-volatile surface acidity of about 1 or less, expressed as pKa value, said solid acid catalyst being essentially nonreactive with the fuel or lubricant prior to combustion and chemically and thermally stable under combustion conditions in the engine.

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing copolymers are prepared by the reaction of lithiated hydrogenated conjugated diene-monovinylarene copolymers with nitrogen-containing organic compounds. The nitrogen-containing copolymers are oil additives which combine the aspects of viscosity index improvers with dispersant properties.

Abstract: Load-carrying properties of gear oils are increased by the addition of triazole derivatives obtained by reacting benzotriazole or an alkylbenzotriazole with alkylphosphates, alkylphosphonates, or primary fatty amines, a naphthenyl oxazoline, or an alkenylsuccinyl mono- or bis-oxazoline.

Abstract: Plastic, natural or synthetic rubber surgical appliances such as gloves, condoms, drains, catheters and tubing are coated with a nontoxic chemical formulation to inhibit sticking during storage and to ease the installation of the device. The coating disclosed herein is a water soluble nontoxic chemical compound that incorporates Na (sodium) or K (potassium) in varying chemical combinations with carbonates, acetates, bicarbonates, acetate trihydrates and citrate dihydrate.

Abstract: Oil-soluble, derivatized ethylene copolymers derived from about 2 to 98 wt. % ethylene, and one or more C.sub.3 to C.sub.28 alpha-olefins, e.g. propylene, which are grafted, preferably solution-grafted under an inert atmosphere and at elevated temperatures and in the presence of a high-temperature decomposable free-radical initiator, with an ethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acid material and thereafter reacted with a polyfunctional material reactive with carboxy groups; such as (a) a polyamine, or (b) a polyol, or (c) a hydroxy amine, or mixtures thereof to form carboxyl-grafted polymeric derivatives are reacted with oil-soluble hydrocarbyl substituted acids, preferably with long chain alkyl aryl sulfonic acids with an average side chain carbon number of about 20-40, to yield haze-free hydrocarbon solutions, e.g. a lubricant additives composition, of increased dispersant potency. Useful number average molecular weight (M.sub.