Abstract: A fluorous phosphine wherein the phosphor is coupled to at least one aryl or alkyl moiety, to which moiety a fluorous tail is coupled, wherein a spacer group, containing a non-carbon atom, is positioned between the aryl or alkyl moiety and the fluorous tail, a process for the preparation of said phosphines, metalcomplexes, catalysts and catalyst compounds therefrom and their use in catalysis.

Abstract: A novel 2,2-(diaryl)vinylphosphine compound represented by the following general formula (1): (wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alicyclic group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, etc.; R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 may be the same or different and each is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alicyclic group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, etc., provided that R4 and R5 taken together and/or R6 and R7 taken together may represent a fused benzene ring, a substituted fused benzene ring, a trimethylene group, etc.; and p, q, r, and s each is 0 to 5, provided that p+q and r+s each is in the range of from 0 to 5); a palladium-phosphine catalyst obtained by causing a palladium compound to act on the novel 2,2-(diaryl)vinylphosphine compound; and a process for obtaining an arylamine, a diaryl and an arylalkyne in the presence of the palladium-phosphine catalyst.

Abstract: A subject-matter of the present invention is a process for the sulfonation of an activated or deactivated aromatic compound. The invention applies to the preparation of aromatic sulfones. The process for the sulfonation of an aromatic compound according to the invention comprises the reaction of said aromatic compound with a sulfonating agent, in particular an aryl or alkyl sulfonating agent, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a mixture of a bismuth trihalide and of perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: A polymerizable composition, comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer or oligomer, and b) an initiator compound of formula (I) wherein n is 0 or 1. The compounds of formula (I) are prepared from a free radical and a compound of formula R10NO or Further aspects of the present invention are a process for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers, novel initiator compounds and their use for polymerization, intermediate compounds and also the polymer or copolymer produced by this process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds and, more particularly, to a class of compounds having specific quatenized amine based upon a castor amido amine linked to specific phosphate esters. Castor oil contains predominantly ricinoleic moiefies. This phospholipid is an excellent emulsifier, conditioner and provides foam in formulations. It is also substantitive to human skin and is well tolerated by human tissue making it suitable for use in personal care applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides weakly coordinating anion salts comprising a reactive cation and uses thereof. In particular, the present invention provides compounds of the formula MxQy and uses thereof. Preferably, each M is independently a cation with at least one M being a reactive cation as defined herein. Q is a fluorinated polyhedral borate moiety. And x and y are absolute values of the oxidation states of Q and M, respectively.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing ammonium glyphosate powder suitable for downstream processing by extrusion to make a granular formulation comprising ammonium glyphosate and surfactant. The process comprises (a) mixing (i) solid particulate glyphosate acid, (ii) water in an amount of about 0.5 to about 3 parts by weight per part by weight of glyphosate acid, and (iii) a base that supplies ammonium cations, in an amount of about 0.8 to about 1.

Abstract: A process that can be used for sulfonating, sulfating, or sulfamating an organic compound is disclosed. The process can comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of, contacting the organic compound with sulfur trioxide under a condition sufficient to effect the sulfonation, sulfation, or sulfamation of the organic compound. The organic compound can be an aromatic compound, alcohol, carbohydrate, amine, amide, protein, or combinations of two or more thereof. The sulfur trioxide can be present in a complex comprising an inorganic support such as zeolite, silicalite, silica, titanosilicate, borosilicate, clay, aluminophosphate, and combinations of two or more thereof.

Abstract: The invention encompasses the novel class of compounds represented by formula I, which are inhibitors of the PTP-1B enzyme. The invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating or preventing PTP-1B mediated diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and diabetes-related diseases.

Abstract: Oxime compounds of formula (1) wherein R1, R2, and R3 are independently halogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 halolalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, nitro, or cyano; R4 is 3,3-dihalogeno-2-propenyl; a is an integer of 0 to 2; Y is oxygen, sulfur, or NH; Z is oxygen, sulfur, or NR5 wherein R5 is hydrogen, acetyl, or C1-C3 alkyl; and X is of formula (2) insecticidal/acaricidal agents containing them as active ingredients; and intermediates for their production.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of organic boronic acid derivatives involving the reaction of an organic compound with diboronic acid in the presence of a Group 8-11 metal catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing phosphine oxides by reacting iminophosphoranes with phosphorus oxytrichloride by which highly purified phosphine oxides can be obtained industrially in a higher yield. Specifically, phosphine oxides are prepared in such a manner that iminophosphoranes are reacted with phosphorus oxytrichloride using an aprotic organic solvent with permittivity 2.2 or more at 20° C. as a solvent under special reaction conditions to give a liquid reaction product containing phosphine oxides and aminophosphonium chlorides which are yielded as a by-product at the same time as the phosphine oxides, and the above described chlorides are removed from the above described liquid reaction product by a solid-liquid separation process, and the solution having been subjected to the solid-liquid separation process is washed with water.

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing tetraalkyl ammonium halide utilizing a catalytic amount of acetonitrile in a reaction under pressure and at an elevated temperature of an alkyl halide and a trialkyl halide and in which tetrafluoroborate can be subsequently prepared.

Abstract: (Acyloxyalkyl)aromatic carboxylic acids are produced by partial oxidation of alkyl substituted aromatic compounds which are represented by the following General Formula (1) CHR1R2—Ar—(R3)n  (1) (where Ar is an aromatic ring of two or greater valency, R1 is a hydrogen atom or alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 3, R2 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 3, or —OCOR5 group, R3 is an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 4, —COOH group, —CHO group, —CH2R4 group, or —COOR group, n is an integer of 1 to 5, R4 is a halogen atom, —OH group, or —OCOR5 group, and R5 is an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 4), and carboxylic acids in the presence of oxygen using a catalyst including an element which belongs to Group VIII of the periodic table. (Hydroxyalkyl)alicyclic carboxylic acids are produced by carrying out hydrogenation and hydrolysis using the (acyloxyalkyl)carboxylic acids as a starting material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of aromatic disulfides represented by the formula (II): Yn—Ar—S—S—Ar—Yn  (II) wherein Ar represents a hydrocarbon aromatic ring group; Y represents a monovalent electrophilic group, and when n is 2 or more, a plural number of Y's may be the same or different from each other; and n is an integer of 1 to 12, which comprises allowing (A) an aromatic thioether represented by the formula (I): Yn—Ar—S—R  (I) wherein Y, Ar and n have the same meanings as defined above; and R represents a monovalent hydrocarbyl group selected from the group consisting of a monovalent tertiary hydrocarbyl group, and benzyl group and a monovalent secondary hydrocarbyl group derived from benzyl group; to react with (B) at least one of the following (1) to (4): (1) bromine; (2)(a) hydrogen bromide and (b) hydrogen peroxide; (3)(c) chlorine, in the presence of a catalytic amount of iodine and/or hydr

Abstract: Preparations of pyrophosphate analogues, including phosphonoformic acid, bisphosphonic acid, and phosphonoacetic acid derivatives, exhibiting antiviral activity. Such compounds, are used directly, or as prodrugs, in compositions and methods for treating viral infections, including but not limited to HIV, herpesviruses including HSV, EBV, VZV, CMV, HHV-6 and HHV-8 (Kaposi's sarcoma); HPV; rhinoviruses; and hepatitis-linked viruses. Compounds of the present invention for use as antiviral agents or their intermediates include sulfur-containing, polyhydroxy, and lipophilic derivatives of phosphonoformic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel &agr;-aryl-N-alkylnitrone compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds. The disclosed compositions are useful as therapeutics for preventing and/or treating neurodegenerative, autoimmune and inflammatory conditions in mammals and as analytical reagents for detecting free radicals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing lithium complex salts and their intermediaries and to the use of these in electrolytes.

Abstract: Preparation of phosphonoformic acid analogues containing one, two, three, or more sulfur atoms are described, with specific examples. Such compounds, not excluding cognates, derivatives, and homologues thereof, are proposed to be used directly, or as prodrugs, in treating viral infections, including but not limited to HIV, herpesviruses including HSV, EBV, VZV, CMV, HSV-6 and HSV-8 (Kaposi's sarcoma); HPV; rhinoviruses; and hepatitis-linked viruses. They are also proposed to be used in treating neoplasms, and for diagnosis and therapy of diseases of bone metabolism. The compounds of the present invention are also designed as to create novel biologically active compounds or prodrugs.

Abstract: Higher-alkane sulfonyl halides are prepared by contacting a sulfur-containing compound, a halogen-containing compound, and a phase transfer agent within a reaction zone under reaction conditions.