Abstract: Nutritional compositions, formulations, and intermediates are provided which may be utilized to formulate various sweeteners and other products. The formulations described herein are made from constituents found in soils or fossilized soils.

Abstract: This invention relates to wound-healing pharmaceutical compositions in the form of a sterile powder based on amino acids and sodium hyaluronate.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of producing a blunted postprandial glycemic response in an individual, and/or reducing postprandial insulin secretion, said methods comprising administering to the individual a nutritional or other product comprising gamma-cyclodextrin. Also disclosed are similar other methods directed toward the use of such products to provide weight and appetite control, to normalize blood glucose levels in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance, to minimize nighttime hypoglycemia in diabetic and non-diabetic patients, to prevent reactive hypoglycemia in susceptible non-diabetics, to normalize blood glucose levels in individuals with gestational diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance during gestation, and/or to provide a prolonged glycemic response during exercise.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous extrusion process for preparing cold water swelling phosphate-cross-linked starch derivatives, wherein the process consists of the subsequent steps of gelatinising an alkaline starch in a first zone (10) in the extruder; adding of POCl3 as cross-linking reagent in a second zone (11) in the extruder; cross-linking the obtained gelatinised starch by means of the POCl3 in the second and third zone (11, 12) in the extruder, and neutralising the obtained cross-linked gelatinised starch that is present in a fourth zone (13) in the extruder; recovering the obtained cross-linked, gelatinised starch in a fifth zone (14) in the extruder.

Abstract: This invention covers a novel method for the preparation of hydroxy polymer esters of amino, alkylamino and quaternary ammonium acids and their use in several fields of industry, including the use as additives in the manufacture of paper or paperboard. The esterification of the hydroxy polymer, preferably starch, is performed under semianhydrous conditions by heating homogenized mixtures of the hydroxy polymer and reagents.

Abstract: This invention relates to wound-healing pharmaceutical or cosmetic (anti-skin aging) compositions in the form of a cream based on amino acids and sodium hyaluronate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel form of 3-(3-{4-[3-(?-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl]-3-methylphenoxy}propylamino)-2,2-dimethylpropionamide with improved storage stability. Since bis[3-(3-{4-[3-(?-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylmethyl]-3-methylphenoxy}propylamino)-2,2-dimethylpropionamide]monosebacate has extremely excellent storage stability, it is useful as a drug substance. Furthermore, it shows an extremely good crystalline property and can be purified by a convenient method, and therefore is suitable for the industrial preparation.

Abstract: Glycopeptide having at least one asparagine-linked oligosaccharide at a desired position of the peptide chain obtained by: (1) esterifying hydroxyl of a resin and carboxyl of an amino acid having amino group nitrogen protected with a fat-soluble protective group (AGFPG), (2) removing the protective group to form a free amino group, (3) amidating the free amino group and carboxyl of an amino acid having AGFPG, (4) removing the protective group, (5) repeating the steps (3) and (4), (6) amidating the free amino group and carboxyl of the asparagine portion of an asparagine-linked oligosaccharide having AGFPG, (7) removing the protective group, (8) amidating the free amino group and carboxyl of an amino acid having AGFPG, (9) repeating steps (7) and (8), (10) removing the protective group, and (11) cutting off the resin with an acid; glycopeptide obtained by transferring sialic acid or a derivative thereof to the above glycopeptide.

Abstract: The invention provides the use of ursolic acid saponin and oleanolic acid saponin of formula (I) in preparing medicaments for increasing leucocytes and/or platelets. The invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the same compound. The invention utilizes the cheap and accessible ursolic acid and oleanolic acid which are widely present in natural plants as raw materials, introduces monosaccharyls or oligosaccharyls by structural modification. It is proved by pharmacological tests that the compound of formula (I) have an activity of obviously increasing leucocytes and/or platelets.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds that are analogues of coformycin, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, and methods of using the compounds for treating protozoan parasite infections, especially malaria.

Abstract: A method to prepare D-glucosamine hydrochloride, obtaining product from raw material of citric acid residue from citric acid production by means of fermentation, and through processes of hydrolysis, suction filtering, concentration etc. Due to recovery of the citric acid residue, the present invention alleviates the environment pollution caused by the residue; Moreover, the D-glucosamine hydrochloride product produced from the raw material of citric acid residue is vegetarian D-glucosamine hydrochloride, without fishy odor and heavy metal pollution, safe and environment-friendly, with product purity up to 98-102%, and in line with the U.S.

Abstract: A low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid and/or its salt has an average molecular weight of 5000 to 20,000, and has a molecular weight distribution in which the proportion of components having a molecular weight of 10,000 or less is 40 wt % or more and the proportion of components having a molecular weight of 50,000 or more is 5 wt % or less.

Abstract: Compositions based on physiologically acceptable salts of hyaluronic acid having very low viscosity, usable for the treatment and prevention of epithelial lesions and lesions of the connective tissue.

Abstract: Disclosed is an AMPK activating material used for improving and treating metabolic syndrome, in which AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) is a main enzyme for regulating an energy sensor and lipid/glucose metabolism in the body. The activation of AMPK inhibits the synthesis of fat and cholesterol, and accelerates the reduction of body fat and blood glucose, thereby improving obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidaemia. The disclosed AMPK activating material contains, as active ingredients having an improving and treating effect on metabolic syndrome, including obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidaemia, a novel compound 2?,3?,12?-trihydroxydammar-20(22)-E,24-diene-3-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl-(1?)-?-D-glucopyranoside], named Damulin A, and a novel compound 2?,3?,12?-trihydroxydammara-20,24-diene-3-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl-(1?)-?-D-glucopyranoside], named Damulin B.

Abstract: An isolated polysaccharide has the structure [-?(1,3)-D-GalpNAc-?(1,4)-D-Glcp-]n The polysaccharide may be from a Bifidobacterium strain NCIMB41003. The polysaccharide exhibits immunomodulatory activity.

Abstract: A method for the aralkylation of anthracyclins by utilizing an aralkylating agent R3—CH2X (for example, BnBr) in accordance with the reaction pathway describe by the scheme shown in FIG. 1. The present invention recognizes that 4-R1, 3?-N3-Daunomycines are suitable substrates for selective 4?-O-benzylation, yielding 4-R1, 3?-N3-4?-O-Aralkyl-Daunorubicines (in particular, 4?-O-Bn-Daunomycines). Thus, the present invention provides a pathway for a simple production of 4?-O-aralkylated derivatives of anthracyclines which can be effectively used to produce anthracyclines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating non-infectious, inflammatory chronic posterior blepharitis in a subject. The present invention also relates to a method for treating chronic posterior blepharitis in a subject for over two weeks. The method comprises identifying a subject in need thereof, and topically administering to the eye of the subject a pharmaceutical formulation consisting essentially of an effective amount azithromycin. The present invention further relates to a method for treating dry eye secondary to blepharitis in a subject. The method comprises the steps of: identifying a subject suffering from dry eye secondary to posterior blepharitis, and topically administering to the eye of the subject a pharmaceutical formulation comprising an effective amount of azithromycin. The present invention further relates to method for reducing contact lens intolerance of a subject due to blepharitis or dry eye secondary to blepharitis.

Abstract: A process for the crosslinking of at least one polymer selected from polysaccharides and derivatives thereof, which is carried out in an aqueous solvent by the action of an effective and non-excessive amount of at least one crosslinking agent, characterized in that it is carried out on a mixture containing at least one low-molecular weight polymer and at least one high-molecular weight polymer. A process for the preparation of an injectable monophase hydrogel of at least one crosslinked polymer selected from polysaccharides and derivatives thereof. Crosslinked polymers and injectable monophase hydrogels respectively obtainable by each of said processes.

Abstract: A method of making cladribine with an increased purity comprising: a) dissolving crude cladribine in a protic solvent in the presence of a base to form a solution comprising dissolved crude cladribine; b) maintaining the solution at an elevated temperature so that the solution is homogeneous until the amount of protected or partially protected nucleoside impurities in the solution is reduced to a pre-determined upper limit; and c) cooling the solution of step b) so that crystals of cladribine are formed and isolated.

Abstract: Compositions for oral and/or topical administration of a prebiotic and a physiologically active fatty acid, or a salt or ester thereof, are disclosed. The compositions are disclosed as enhancing the body's population of beneficial microorganisms for improving health and well-being.