Abstract: A processing unit analyzes network traffic using a multi-timescale heuristic having multiple traffic windows. Each traffic window has a respective threshold value and a respective timescale. When a threshold value is exceeded, the processing unit triggers a network circuit breaker, causing a host platform to be isolated from the network.

Abstract: A selective packet discard mechanism is disclosed for selectively discarding packets at buffers in packet switches in the event of traffic congestion. The mechanism makes use of ordering information contained in data packets, such as forward sequence numbers or timestamps, to estimate the packet loss that traffic flows may have already incurred at upstream packet-switching nodes. This estimated upstream packet loss information is used to make improved packet discard decisions. The mechanism may be applied independently to a plurality of buffers at a plurality of packet switches to form a distributed data traffic management system.

Abstract: A system and a method for the transmission and reception of digital data wirelessly using acoustic tones comprises a device having an encoder, a modulator system, a demodulator system, and a decoder. The modulator system uses dual tone multiple frequency (DTMF) tones that are amplitude modulated. The received signal is demodulated and detected by Fourier analysis. An expanded Hamming code based decoder is used for correcting errors occurring during transmission.

Abstract: A radio frequency receiver for discriminating a modulation type to decode a signal field of an encoded signal in a wireless communication system. The radio frequency (RF) receiver receives an encoded signal having a preamble training sequence associated with a frame, the preamble training sequence including the signal field. The radio frequency receive generates at least a first log-likelihood ratio (LLR) stream and a second LLR stream for each of a plurality of sub-symbols for a predetermined portion of the received encoded signal based upon an m-bit wide modulation reference, wherein m represents the bit width of the modulation reference. The first LLR stream and the second LLR stream each include a plurality of LLR values. The plurality of LLR values of the first LLR stream are summed to produce a first cumulative LLR, and the plurality of LLR values of the second LLR stream are summed to produce a second cumulative LLR.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for establishing a distribution compartment in a packet-switched network. A classification of the network nodes is carried out according to output nodes of the network during which the class of a node is determined according to the minimum number of hops between the network nodes and the output nodes. Based on the classification, distribution compartments for flows can be established as to provide a freedom from loops and to enable a flexible reaction to malfunctions.

Abstract: A network includes an edge node configured to define per hop behaviors using a set of bits in an Ethernet header of a frame and a core node configured to receive the frame and to forward the frame according to the per-hop-behaviors. The network can also include a defined set of differentiated service classes, each differentiated service class associated with the set of per hop behaviors, indicated in the set of priority bits. The network classifies the Ethernet frame based on at least one of a set of priority bits or information in at least one protocol layer in the frame header of the Ethernet frame and determines a per hop behavior based on the classification.

Abstract: According to the present invention, methods and apparatus are provided to improve the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) for data such as delay sensitive or bursty data. A maximum send window is adjusted using forward queuing delay and maximum bandwidth parameters. Reverse queuing delay and the number of packets drops are not factored into generation of the maximum send window. Network buffer occupation is bounded and a congestion window is effectively varied using rate shaping and gradual size increases based at least partially on the number acknowledged packets.

Abstract: A flow manager may receive prioritized packet flow rules from one or more network services where each rule may include a packet filter and prioritized actions. Each action of a packet flow rule may be either terminating or non-terminating. A flow manager may generate a unified rule set according to the received packet flow rules and may additionally validate the unified rule set to identity errors. When validating the unified rule set, a flow manager may compare the unified rule set against one or more defined policies. Alternatively, a flow manager may apply the unified rule set to either captured or manually specified simulated network packets. A flow manager may also identity extraneous rules or actions. Further, a flow manager may present the unified rule set for manual verification and may receive input identifying errors and specifying modification to correct the errors.

Abstract: A packet switching system capable of ensuring the sequence and continuity of packets and further compensating for delays in transmission is disclosed. Each of two redundant switch sections has a high-priority queue and a low-priority queue for each of output ports. A high-priority output selector selects one of two high-priority queues corresponding to respective ones of the two switch sections to store an output of the selected one into a high-priority output queue. A low-priority output selector selects one of two low-priority queues corresponding to respective ones of the two switch sections to store an output of the selected one into a low-priority output queue. The high-priority and low-priority output selectors are controlled depending on a system switching signal and a packet storing status of each of the high-priority and low-priority queues.

Abstract: A communication system includes devices configured to communicate with each other through a temporal sequence of frames. Each of these frames includes multiple sub-channels and the total number of sub-channels in a given frame is dynamically determined based on a transmission schedule. Furthermore, the transmission schedule is calculated by the devices based on transmission lists that are exchanged between the devices. For example, a first transmission list for a first device includes a first group of sub-channels reserved by the first device, and a second group of sub-channels reserved by a set of devices communicating with the first device.

Abstract: A method of retrieving candidate access router discovery (CARD) information in a user terminal which is present in a many access systems. CARD information is exchanged on an IP control plane between access routers in the access systems, but the user terminal has no IP control plane. In accordance with the invention CARD protocol information is translated into L2 information messages which are transmitted to the user terminal either as extensions to the conventional protocol used for bearer service set up between the user terminal and an access router or as extensions to the conventional protocol used by the individual access system for broadcasting of its system characteristics. In the former case the translated CARD information is transmitted on an L2 bearer service between the current access router and the user terminal and in the latter case the translated information is broadcasted by each access router. The invention also relates to a radio access router and a terminal. (FIG. 3 for publication).

Abstract: Telecommunication systems with packet-switched multimedia terminals (1) and nodes (8,9) for packet-switched multimedia sessions and with servers (2,3) for exchanging multimedia signaling information for the packet-switched multimedia sessions and with terminating units (4) are provided with gateways (7) for in response to transferral messages originating from the packet-switched multimedia terminals (1) and arriving at the servers (2,3) transferring packet-switched multimedia sessions between packet-switched multimedia terminals (1) and nodes (8,9) to circuit-switched calls between gateways (7) and circuit-switched terminals (5) via switches (6), to continue possibly interrupted sessions via replacing calls. The servers (2,3) send invitation messages to gateways (7), which send setup messages to switches (6) for setting up circuit-switched calls via partly alternative communication paths.

Abstract: One illustrative method of controlling wireless network resources for data sessions involves the steps of identifying IP address usage for mobile stations operating in a wireless communication network and causing a data inactivity timer of a data session for a mobile station to be set to an initial value that depends on the IP address usage. The data inactivity timer is set to a relatively large value when the IP address usage is low, but to a relatively small value when the IP address usage is high in order to expeditiously release underutilized network resources. The data session may be Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) session for which an IP address is dynamically-assigned to the mobile station.

Abstract: An instant service method and apparatus for deficit-round-robin (DRR) data packet scheduling are provided. The method includes servicing a current flow according to packet scheduling; activating a new flow according to an input of a new data packet; servicing the new flow immediately when the current flow service is completed; and servicing a next flow when the new flow service is completed. The apparatus includes a packet memory; a flow information storage; an active list processor; a main controller; and an output part.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a receiving device configured to receive a physical frame in which a plurality of MAC frames, each having a sequence number, are aggregated. A reception buffer which stores MAC frames of the physical frame received by the receiving device. A determination device determines whether or not the first MAC frame in the physical frame received by the receiving device has been successfully received. A reception buffer management device determines, when the first MAC frame has been successfully received, a MAC frame to be forwarded to an upper layer, on the basis of the sequence number of the first MAC frame, and extracts the MAC frame from the reception buffer.

Abstract: In at least some embodiments, a system may comprise one or more devices configurable to communicate according to a first protocol that permits interpretation of transmitted symbols associated with a first time duration. The system may further comprise one or more devices configurable to communicate according to a second protocol that permits interpretation of transmitted symbols associated with multiple time durations. The one or more devices configurable to communicate according to the second protocol are operable to communicate using transmitted symbols associated with the first time duration and to communicate using transmitted symbols associated with a time duration that is not supported by the one or more devices configured to communicate according to the first protocol.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer product for modeling and analyzing performance of a Voice-over-IP (VoIP) configuration, composed of a plurality of components, is disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for assuring consistency between MPLS forwarding and control planes. The control plane can be made aware of forwarding plane anomalies and can respond appropriately. One particular application is assuring consistency between forwarding and control planes of a Fast Reroute backup tunnels used to protect an MPLS Traffic Engineering LSP from a link and/or a node failure. When a backup tunnel forwarding failure is detected, the control plane can react by, for example, rerouting the backup tunnel and/or sending a notification to the operator or head-end of the protected Traffic Engineering LSP.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a receiving device configured to receive one physical frame in which a plurality of MAC frames are aggregated. This physical frame includes one acknowledgement request frame for the plurality of MAC frames. The apparatus includes an acknowledgement frame forming device configured to form an acknowledgement frame representing reception statuses of the plurality of MAC frames in response to the acknowledgement request frame. The apparatus also includes a transmitting device configured to transmit the acknowledgement frame. This acknowledgement frame includes a compressed acknowledgement frame representing an acknowledgement bitmap having a size equal to a maximum number of MSDUs (MAC Service Data Units) when one MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit) corresponds to one MSDU.

Abstract: The present invention describes a communications system having a first link partner and a second link partner that are connected by a communications link having at least four pairs of conductors. According to IEEE Standard 802.3 (e.g. Ethernet) for 1000Base-T, a data link is maintained (in a period absent data transmission) by sending idle signals over four pairs of conductors of the cable to maintain a logical connection. This idle signal scheme is replaced with an alternate idle signaling scheme that uses only two pairs of conductors to maintain a logical connection and therefore can operate with using lower power. The other two pairs of conductors of the four pairs of conductors are unused to maintain a logical connection absent data transfer, and therefore can be used to implement a Suspend Mode of operation. During Suspend Mode, the physical layer of each link partner powers down unnecessary circuitry so as to operate in a low power environment.