Abstract: A rolling mill shape control apparatus for a flat material comprises a thermal crown calculator which calculates a thermal crown magnitude in a widthwise direction of rolls as based on rolling history information after a change in vertical spacing of the rolls, a roll wear calculator which calculates a wear magnitude of the rolls as based on rolling history information after the rearrangement of the rolls, an optimum rolling temperature distribution calculator which calculates an optimum rolling temperature distribution in a widthwise direction of the flat material on the basis of the calculated results of both the thermal crown calculator and the roll wear calculator and a reference bending force corresponding to maximum bending correction, a thermometer which detects a widthwise temperature distribution of the flat material, a heating/cooling device which can separately heat/cool a plurality of parts of the flat material divided in the widthwise direction thereof, and a heating/cooling controller which comp

Abstract: A roller flanging apparatus for flanging a metal strip has a flanging head that comprises a pair of working idler rollers. The idler rollers have outer surfaces forming a flanging angle therebetween. The edge of the metal strip passes between the rollers in contact with the roller outer surfaces to provide a flange on the metal strip edge. The idler rollers have an axis which defines an acute angle with a line extending perpendicular to a line that indicates the direction of movement of the metal strip and the acute angle is defined in the direction of movement of the metal strip.

Abstract: The apparatus and method for eliminating crescent formation in a steel strip reduction mill includes a strip tension monitor which measures the tension between the stands and transmits the measured tension to a controller. A roll speed monitor for the driven roll of the stands transmits data to the controller indicative of the roll speed. A tail end detector is positioned upstream of the upstream stand for detecting the tail end of the strip and for transmitting that information to the controller. A controller receives the data and calculates a target interstand strip tension when the tail end is sensed and causes a speed controller to increase the rotational speed of the rolls and to thereby decrease the strip tension until such time as the measured tension equals the target interstand tension.

Abstract: A rolling mill stand has a pair of work rolls and a pair of associated backup rolls. The backup rolls are generally cylindrical with portions of varying diameter. The work rolls are generally cylindrical with portions of varying diameter and of different work surface configurations from each other. The work rolls may assume a first position generally aligned with the backup rolls and second and third positions in which the work rolls are axially displaced as a unit in the same direction from the aligned positions with the backup rolls. This permits forming of flat strip, centrally crowned strip, or strip with crowned edges. The work rolls preferably diverge in the same direction and the backup rolls preferably diverge in the opposite direction. A method of achieving a generally flat strip, centrally crowned strip or edge crown strip employing relative axial displacement of work rolls with respect to the backup rolls.

Abstract: A method is set forth for use in crown control in a multi-roll rolling mill, the method including the steps of: setting in advance a shape of a thermal crown of a work roll corresponding to various rolling conditions and a changing gradient of a mechanical crown for each rolling speed zone applied to a work roll which is determined according to a change in time of a thermal crown relative to a change in rolling speed; applying a roll bending force, as an initial value, to the work roll, controlling the roll bending force from the thermal crown shape and an initial value of a mechanical crown amount at a suitable position of the work roll which is determined from an expected rolling schedule and a target mechanical crown amount at a standing speed; detecting the rolling speed; selecting the changing gradient of the mechanical crown according to the rolling speed zone at that time; and at the same time adjusting the roll bending force applied to the work roll.

Abstract: A method of eliminating thickness changes in material exiting a stand or stands of a rolling mill, the changes being caused by the eccentricity of one or more rolls of the mill. The method includes the steps of engaging the material with a device that measures the tension of the material entering or leaving the mill and using said device to measure directly a change in the tension of the material due to roll eccentricity. Samples of the change in tension are provided during the time required for a roll of the mill to make one revolution. The samples are then processed by characterizing them as frequency, magnitude and phase angle components of the change in tension. The components are then used in an update algorithm to provide a current estimate of a cyclically occurring change in tension.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing tubing from hollows or workpieces which are in the form of tubes having greater wall thickness than the finished tubes. The method is carried out upon a mill of the general type known as a McKay rocker. The mandrel is allowed to float in the hollow by being restrained at the rocker crosshead by friction rather than a positive locking device. The rocking is permitted with the mandrel sliding in the crosshead so as to reduce high tensile forces which could otherwise cause mandrel failure.

Abstract: A rolling stand comprising supporting shaft pairs 3, 4, in which these supporting shafts are supported at two sides and so as to be adjustable in two parallel roll housings 1, 2. At one side, rolling rings 15 can be slipped on the supporting shaft pairs 3, 4, while the other side can be coupled with drive elements 16. The roll housing 2 remote of these drive elements 16 can be moved away from the other roll housing 1 in the direction of the roll axes together with the bearings which are pulled off the supporting shaft pair 3, 4. The supporting shaft pair 3, 4 can be secured and fixed in the other roll housing 1 in the resulting cantilevering position which is supported on one side.

Abstract: A die assembly for use in a general type mechanical press machine has opposite upper and lower dies adapted to be fitted in upper and lower die sets, respectively, so as to be slidable freely by a predetermined stroke, and a differential mechanism interposed between the upper and lower dies so as to transmit a predetermined rate of displacement to the lower die in accordance with the movement or displacement of the upper die set. The differential mechanism comprises a rack and pinion mechanism or linkage having two pair of link mechanisms.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously brushing and lubricating rolls of rolling mills for rolled flat products without pollution of said products by the lubricant used; it can be used in hot or cold rolling, in particular for Al or alloys thereof.An enclosure of general parallelepipedic shape which is open on one face and whose opposite sides which are adjacent to the opening are delimited by a circular arc, the radius of which is substantially equal to that of the roll, is applied thereto by way of a continuous resilient peripheral seal. The enclosure which contains the rotary brushes is lubricated by oil circulation and is under a slight depression.

Abstract: Method and system for preparing a flat-bottom thermoplastic sack including forming a transverse sealed seam across the mid-section of a collapsed, gusseted tube and simultaneously or subsequently forming a preweakened transverse line closely next adjacent to the sealed seam; forming diagonal sealed seams of each 2 ply gusset fold so as to meet the ends of the transverse sealed seam and removing the four double-film triangular regions outside of the diagonal seams and separating said structures along the preweakend lines to form individual flat bottom sacks. The process also includes forming a handled version of the same sack.

Abstract: At an installation comprising a roll stand having at least one roll of the variable camber type, comprising a fixed support and a casing carried by at least three jacks and rotationally movable about the support, the pressure of the fluid in each of the jacks (14), the position of the pistons of these jacks, the speed of rotation of the roll, and the flatness and thickness of the flat product are measured. The position of one of the jacks (14b) is controlled by the thickness measurement. The pressure in the other jacks (14a, 14c, 14d, 14e) is controlled by the pressure in the one jack (14b). The positions of the end jacks (14a and 14e) are compared and the pressure in the jacks (14) is modified in order to bring the tilt of the roll to a suitable value. The deformation of the fixed support is calculated and the shape of the generatrix of contact of the roll is determined. The pressure in the jacks (14) is modified in order to bring the generatrix to a reference shape.

Abstract: A method of controlling a rolling mill in which eccentricity of one or more of the rolls of the mill ordinarily cause cyclic change in the thickness of the material exiting the mill. The method includes the steps of locating a device for measuring thickness downstream from the mill, and using the device to measure directly cyclic change in the thickness of the mill due to roll eccentricity. Samples of the cyclic change in thickness are provided during a time period defined by a revolution of at least one of the rolls. The samples are processed by characterizing them as frequency, magnitude and phase angle components of the change in thickness. These components are then directed to an update algorithm to provide a current estimate of the change in thickness. The delay between the occurrence of the change in thickness in the mill and the occurrence of the measurement of the change by the thickness measuring device is calculated and translated into a phase angle component.

Abstract: A shape control apparatus for producing rolled products from flat material comprising a plurality of rolls for shaping the material. Temperatures at a plurality of points, including a widthwise center of the material lying on an incoming side of the rolls, are detected to determine a widthwise temperature distribution. A rolling history of the number of products rolled and time interval between rolling of products, and the rolling weight are taken into consideration to determine a thermal crown magnitude and a roll wear magnitude for the rolls. An optimum bending force for controlling the rolls is determined based on calculated results of the thermal crown magnitude, the roll wear magnitude, and the load distribution of the rolls.

Abstract: A tool for manually terminating conductors of multiconductor cable into termination sections of electrical connectors. The tool terminates two wires simultaneously into two parallel opposed terminals, and automatically indexes the connector to align the insertion mechanism with the next termination sections of the connector.

Abstract: A first pair of generally cylindrical rollers are positioned on a run-out table. Each of the rollers has a first section including the first end of the rollers which is of a first diameter, a second section including the second end of the rollers of a second, larger diameter and a third section of changing diameter which forms a slope on the surface of the rollers joining the surfaces of the first and second sections. Each roller has its first and second ends mounted on opposite sides of the run-out table with respect to the other roller in the pair. A strip centered on the run-out table rests entirely on the smaller diameter section of the pair of rollers. The sloped sections of the rollers engage the sides of a strip as the strip veers away from the center line resisting lateral movement of the strip and cambering.

Abstract: A method for cold rolling a tubular blank using a Pilger rolling mill, the tubular blank being rolled between a mandrel, lodged inside it, and the grooves of a pair of rolls, mounted within a stand which performs a back and forth motion along the axis of the tubular blank, the rolls being driven in rotation alternatively in one direction and in the other, in synchronism with the movements of the stand, a forward motion of the blank being done at least at proximity of the downstream neutral point. During at least a part of the return run of the stand, a holding back device, placed on the downstream side relative to the stand, prevents the displacement of the already rolled tubular blank along the rolling axis in the upstream direction during the return rolling run.

Abstract: A press has an upper table carrying a punch and a lower table bearing a tool-carrier. A jack for compensating the deflection inherent in the bending process is fitted in the lower table. The bending device enables the bending angle obtained in the workpiece to be monitored continuously. The bending device includes a series of paired measuring rods, circular in section and longitudinally machined to provide a flat surface for the lower surface of the workpiece to rest on, associated with devices for measuring the rotational angle of the measuring rods, and a control device connected to the rotational angle measuring device, to a device for controlling the jacks that actuate the punch and to the actuating device of the jack for compensating the deflection. A very accurate and constant bending angle is obtained throughout the length of the workpiece. The bending process is automatic and continuous once the operator has fed in the required bending angle.

Abstract: A bearing is manufactured by applying an axial pressing force to a cylindrical wound bush and thereby forming a notch-free flange at one end of the bush which is tapered previously. The flange is formed through a kind of plastic flow induced in the tapered end by the force.

Abstract: A mandrel rod with or without rolled tubes thereon is held by four guide structures, two arranged above and two below with respect to the axis of rolling, and each being arranged on a lever, these levers are arranged in pairs to both sides of the rolling axis, and they are particularly interconnected and connected to a common drive to permit common radial retraction of the guide structure; these guide structures have basically three different positions, one of full retraction permitting a mandrel rod with rolled tubes thereon to be removed by lifting while simultaneously a fresh mandrel rod is placed into the rolling axis from below; in a second position of the guide structures they engage a mandrel rod in the rolling axis, and in the third position they form-fittingly engage a hollow on the mandrel rod in the rolling axis.