Abstract: A multiwavelength-light-radiating apparatus (1) includes: a light source (11) that radiates continuous light (Lc); a diffracting part (12) that diffracts the continuous light (Lc) into numerous monochromatic lights (Lm), whose wavelengths differ from one another, and emits the numerous monochromatic lights (Lm); numerous optical waveguides (2) that respectively transmit the numerous monochromatic lights (Lm) emitted from the diffracting part (12) from incident ends (21) to output ends (22) where the numerous monochromatic lights (Lm) are respectively emitted; and a sample-placement part (3) that holds numerous samples such that the output ends (22) of the numerous optical waveguides (2) respectively oppose the samples. The numerous monochromatic irradiation lights, whose wavelengths differ from one another, are arranged to be radiated simultaneously onto the numerous samples, one light per sample.

Abstract: An optical sensor circuit is provided. In the optical sensor circuit, an output stage circuit transmits a voltage of first and second node to the output line according to a first driving signal. A first sensor is configured to generate a first photocurrent according to a first color light that senses an ambient light, and generate a second photocurrent according to a second color light. A second sensor is configured to generate a third photocurrent according to a third color light, and generate a fourth photocurrent according to the second color light. In a sensing phase, when the first sensor senses the first color light, and the second sensor senses the third color light, the first sensor adjusts a voltage level of the voltage according to the first photocurrent, and the second sensor adjusts the voltage level of the voltage according to the third photocurrent.

Abstract: A spectrometer including at least one light-coupling element, a variable entrance slit, a dispersive element, a detector element and a control and evaluation unit. The object of providing a spectrometer having improved measuring characteristics is achieved in that the variable entrance slit is implemented by a first spatial modulation element including a plurality of pixels, wherein the individual pixels can be arranged independently of one another by the control and evaluation unit, wherein the individual pixels are arranged in order to implement the entrance slit during operation in such a manner that at least part of the light incident from the light-coupling element is passed on to the dispersive element.

Abstract: A device for measuring the surface topography of a sample includes a projector which projects a structured image onto the surface of the sample. A camera observes the image projected onto the surface of the sample. A heating device applies a temperature ramp on the sample. A first optic device located on the optic axis of the projector modifies the image emitted by the projector and applies it on the sample. The first optic device includes several distinct lenses defining different magnifications. The lenses are fitted movable with respect to one another. A second optic device is located on the optic axis of the camera to modify the size of the observation area on the surface of the sample. The second optic device includes several distinct lenses presenting different magnifications. The lenses are fitted movable to define several observation areas of different sizes.

Abstract: A system and method for remotely managing content levels in one or more defined areas includes a computer system communicatively connected to one or more resident sensor units and controllers linked to devices such as content loading drive mechanisms and/or supply reordering modules. When a sensor reports that a content level is or will be lower or higher than desired, the computer system generates an alert and forwards the alert across a wireless communications network to a user's mobile device. The user may select a user command to send to the computer system, whereupon the computer system may selectively regulate the content levels in accordance with the response action or alternatively override the user command based upon one or more contextual determinations.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a fluid includes: applying the fluid from within a nozzle to a surface of a wafer outside of the nozzle; emitting light, by a light source, from the nozzle to the surface; receiving light reflected from the surface by a light sensor and causing the reflected light to propagate into the nozzle; and determining whether a variation of the fluid occurs according to the reflected light.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a spectrometer is presented. In accordance with some embodiments, the spectrometer includes an optical sensor array, the optical sensor array including a substrate and an array of pixels formed on the substrate; a spectral filter array formed over the pixels of the optical sensor array, the spectral filter array filtering incident light such that each pixel receives light of a spectral transmission profile associated with the pixel; a transparent spacer formed over the spectral filter array; and an opaque mask having input apertures allowing light through the transparent spacer and onto a portion of the spectral filter array. The spectrometer can be formed from the optical sensor array using a combination of photolithographic techniques and bonding of certain layers.

Abstract: Multi-pass cavities for cavity ring-down spectroscopy. The multi-pass cavity includes, in one example, a body, a pair of flat mirrors, a light input coupler, a first turning mirror, a second turning mirror, and a light output coupler. The pair of flat mirrors are positioned parallel to each other within a gas channel of the body. The light input coupler is configured to direct a light beam into the gas channel along a first transmission axis. The first turning mirror is configured to reflect the light beam from the first transmission axis toward the resonance cavity. The light output coupler is configured to direct a first portion of the light beam out of the gas channel and reflect a second portion of the light beam along a second transmission axis. The second turning mirror is configured to reflect the light beam from the second transmission axis to the resonance cavity.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorescent signal detection apparatus including a reaction unit including a kit loading part in which a diagnostic kit is inserted to one area, a light source unit including a light source and a first barrel configured to surround the light source, a light receiving unit provided at one side of the light source unit and including a detection part and a second barrel configured to surround the detection part, and a case configured to surround the reaction unit, the light source unit, and the light receiving unit. Here, the diagnostic kit includes measuring parts and microstructures configured to accommodate a target to be measured, which is labeled by a fluorescent dye, and the microstructures are provided on the measuring parts.

Abstract: A metrology apparatus for and a method of determining a characteristic of interest relating to at least one structure on a substrate. The metrology apparatus comprises a sensor and an optical system. The sensor is for detecting characteristics of radiation impinging on the sensor. The optical system comprises an illumination path and a detection path. The optical system is configured to illuminate the at least one structure with radiation received from a source via the illumination path. The optical system is configured to receive radiation scattered by the at least one structure and to transmit the received radiation to the sensor via the detection path.

Abstract: A device comprising: a first zone comprising an attachment site; a first pathway; a second pathway and a means for creating a second medium comprised of aqueous microdroplets in a carrier; a microdroplet manipulation zone comprising: a first composite wall comprised of a first transparent substrate; a first transparent conductor layer on the substrate; a photoactive layer activated by electromagnetic radiation; and a first dielectric layer on the conductor layer; a second composite wall comprised of a second substrate; a second conductor layer on the substrate; and optionally a second dielectric layer on the conductor layer; an A/C source; a source of first electromagnetic radiation; means for manipulating the points of impingement of the electromagnetic radiation on the photoactive layer; an detection zone disposed downstream of the microdroplet manipulation zone or integral therewith; and a fluorescence or Raman-scattering detection system.

Abstract: A sampling gate comprising a first frequency input coupled to a first frequency path from a broadband photodiode. The sampling gate also includes a positive bias input coupled to a positive offset portion of a second frequency path from the broadband photodiode. The sampling gate also includes a negative bias input coupled to a negative offset portion of the second frequency path from the broadband photodiode. The sampling gate combines a first frequency signal from the first frequency path and a second frequency signal from the second frequency path to create a combined broadband frequency signal from the broadband photodiode.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting edges or for seam tracking when machining workpieces by means of a laser beam, e.g. joining or cutting. The present invention provides an apparatus for seam tracking of the process in the laser material processing, comprising at least two separate illumination elements, each emitting differently polarized light and a polarization camera.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for producing ultrashort optical pulses are described. A high-power, solid-state, passively mode-locked laser can be manufactured in a compact module that can be incorporated into a portable instrument for biological or chemical analyses. The pulsed laser may produce sub-100-ps optical pulses at a repetition rate commensurate with electronic data-acquisition rates. The optical pulses may excite samples in reaction chambers of the instrument, and be used to generate a reference clock for operating signal-acquisition and signal-processing electronics of the instrument.

Abstract: An optical measurement device and an optical measurement method are provided. The optical measurement device includes a test backplane, a light emitter, a center point detector and a movement device. The movement device is provided on the test backplane, and configured to carry a to-be-tested sample. The light emitter is configured to display a first center point on the to-be-tested sample, and the first center point corresponds to a center point of the test backplane. The center point detector is configured to detect a second center point and display the second center point on the to-be-tested sample, and the second center point is a center point of the to-be-tested sample. The movement device is further configured to move the to-be-tested sample, such that the first center point and the second center point coincide with each other.

Abstract: A measurement method for visualizing the flow of a fluid that includes: a preparation process where a photochromic compound, whose amount of absorption of light changes upon irradiation with transformation-inducing light, is dissolved in the fluid; a transformation-inducing irradiation process where the fluid is irradiated with transformation-inducing light that causes photochromism; and a post-transformation imaging process where an image of the fluid is taken after irradiation by the transformation-inducing light. During the post-transformation imaging process, a first image is generated by taking an image of the fluid by using first light in the first wavelength range in which the amount of absorption of light changes upon irradiation with transformation-inducing light.

Abstract: For three-dimensional topography measurement of a surface of an object patterned illumination is projected on the surface through an objective. A relative movement between the object and the objective is carried out, and plural images of the surface are recorded through the objective by a detector. The direction of the relative movement includes an oblique angle with an optical axis of the objective. Height information for a given position on the surface is derived from a variation of the intensity recorded from the respective position. Also, patterned illumination and uniform illumination may be projected alternatingly on the surface, while images of the surface are recorded during a relative movement of the object and the objective along an optical axis of the objective. Uniform illumination is used for obtaining height information for specular structures on the surface, patterned illumination is used for obtaining height information on other parts of the surface.

Abstract: Non-contact methods of predicting an insertion loss of a test optical fiber connector are disclosed. Light is sent down the at least one optical fiber of the connector in the fundamental mode to emit an output light beam. The output-beam image is captured at different distances from the fiber end faces to define multiple output-beam images each associated with one of the multiple measurement positions. A Gaussian curve is then fitted to the multiple output-beam images to determine a mode field diameter, an offset, and a tilt of the output light beam. A Gaussian field model that incorporates the offset, the tilt, and the mode-field diameter is then used to predict the insertion loss when connecting to a reference optical fiber of a reference optical fiber connector.

Abstract: A tomography duct for wind tunnels includes a plurality of light sources and sensors displaced around a support structure. The light sources are cycled and sensor measurements are made from sensors opposite the light sources. Tomographic algorithms are used to determine an extinction map from the sensor measurements. The extinction map provides details about particles in a cross-section of the air flow through the tomography duct.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a tip-enhanced Raman spectroscope system. The system includes a laser emitting unit, a laser excitation unit, a first dichroic beam splitter, a first Raman spectrometer, and a confocal detecting unit. The laser excitation unit includes a sample stage and a first scanning probe. The sample stage is configured to have a sample disposed thereon such that a first incident laser beam emitted from the laser emitting unit is transmitted to the sample to excite first scattered light. The first dichroic beam splitter is configured to split a first Raman scattered light from the first Rayleigh scattered light. The first Raman spectrometer is disposed on a first Raman optical path of the first Raman scattered light. The confocal detecting unit is disposed on a first Rayleigh optical path of the first Rayleigh scattered light to image the sample.