Abstract: The present invention is a process for making an electrophotographic toner binder. The toner binder has reduced mercaptan odor at elevated temperatures. The toner binder is formed by mixing monomers in a ratio that determines the final composition of the polymer or toner binder and contacting the monomers with air or oxygen. A chain transfer agent and polymerization initiator are added to the monomers. A suitable suspension polymerization type aqueous phase is prepared. The aqueous and monomer phases are blended and sheared to form monomer droplets, the mixture is suspension polymerized by heating and the aqueous phase is removed from the polymer beads.

Abstract: An aqueous polymerization method is disclosed for forming polymers containing, as polymerized units, at least one monomer having low water solubility, including the steps of:(1) complexing at least one monomer having low water solubility with a macromolecular organic compound having a hydrophobic cavity; and(2) polymerizing in an aqueous system from about 0.1% to about 100%, by weight of the monomer component, based on the total weight of the polymer, of the complexed monomer having low water solubility with from about 0% to about 99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer, of at least one monomer having high water solubility.The method is also useful for forming aqueous solution polymers having low water solubility.

Abstract: Polymeric dyes that comprise (a) segments that render the dyes soluble or dispersible in hydrocarbon solvents and (b) segments that impart color. The polymeric dyes can be introduced into hydrocarbon solvents or formed in hydrocarbon solvents to form stable colored dispersions, which can be used as toners for electrophotography. In these toners, the polymeric dye contains macromeric moieties that render the polymeric dye dispersible in hydrocarbon solvents. The polymeric dye may contain either a charge-directing chelating moiety or a surface-release promoting moiety or both of these moieties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a spiropyran compound represented by the formula (1); an optically active spiropyran compound wherein an asymmetric center is introduced on a spirocarbon; and optical functional materials using these compounds, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aralkyl group, hydroxyethyl group, methacryloxymethyl group or methacryloxyethyl group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and are each hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl group, aralkyl group, alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, hydroxymethyl group, carboxyl group, halogen atom, amino group, cyano group, trichloromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group or nitro group; R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are the same or different and are each hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl group, aralkyl group, halogen atom, cyano group or nitro group; R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to ionic polymers obtained by reaction of carboxyfunctional fat- and oil-based starting materials with salts of polyvalent ions. They may be used as sealants, coatings, adhesives and as additives for plastic formulations and for mortars, gypsums and cements. The starting mixture may be present both in a one-component formulation and in a two-component formulation.

Abstract: A novel phthalocyanine compound having improved solubility and high purity and containing a polymerizable vinyl group within its molecule is provided. Intermediates to this phthalocyanine compound also have improved solubility and high purity. Further, with the novel phthalocyanine compound used as a starting monomer, a novel polymer is obtained which has a high content of (metal) phthalocyanine and is easy to control the orientation of phthalocyanine rings. The polymer having improved solubility and high purity is expected of use as functional material such as catalysts and recording material.

Abstract: A laminating adhesive comprising an adhesive composition which comprises(a) An epoxidized block copolymer of the formula(A-B-A.sub.p).sub.n -Y.sub.r -(A.sub.q -B).sub.mwherein Y is a coupling agent or coupling monomers, andwherein A and B are polymer blocks which may be homopolymer blocks of conjugated diolefin monomers, copolymer blocks of conjugated diolefin monomers or copolymer blocks of conjugated diolefin monomers and monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers, andwherein the A blocks have a higher number of aliphatic double bonds between a tertiary carbon atom and either a primary, secondary, or tertiary carbon atom per unit of block mass than do the B blocks, andwherein the A blocks have a molecular weight from about 100 to about 3000 and the B blocks have a molecular weight from about 1000 to about 15,000, and wherein p and q are 0 or 1 and n>0, r is 0 or 1, m.gtoreq.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antioxidant-peroxide compound of Structure A,(Y--[--R--OO--X).sub.x --An].sub.y Ain which the definitions of X, Y, R, An, x, and y are given in the Summary of the Invention section, for example, t-butyl peroxy-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, processes for producing polymeric compositions of enhanced oxidative stability via initiation of polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, curing of elastomers and unsaturated polyester resins, modification of polypropylene and other polymers and copolymers, and crosslinking of olefin polymers and copolymers, and the resulting polymers having enhanced oxidative stability.

Abstract: There is provided a lactam ring-containing polymer comprising: 20 to 100 molar % of a structural unit represented by the general formula (1); 0 to 70 molar % of a structural unit represented by the general formula (2); and 0 to 70 molar % of a structural unit represented by the general formula (3) and/or a structural unit represented by the general formula (4): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and X represents COOR.sup.4 and/or CONR.sup.5 R.sup.6 in which R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl.The polymer is excellent in heat resistance and is expected to be used for resin modifiers, polymeric additives for petroleum tertiary recovery, and other various applications.

Abstract: Resin compositions having excellent heat resistance, izod impact strength, rigidity and dimensional resistance and the like, applied in the fields of the automobile, electric and electronic, and the like industries. The resin composition comprising: a) a resin in which 30 to 98 mole % of the component (I) are contained in the whole polymer and 70 to 2 mole % of the component (II) are contained in the whole polymer, its weight-average molecular weight converted into that of polystyrene being 1.times.10.sup.3 or more to 5.times.10.sup.6 or less, and b) an olefin resin; then the a)/b) content being 5/95 to 99/1 as a weight ratio, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atom(s) or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms; and ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atom(s), and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A copolymer rubber which consists essentially of (A) from 70 to 99 wt % of a cyano group-containing acrylate of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.2-6 alkylene group or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --,(B) from 1 to 30 wt % of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated nitrile,(C) from 0 to 10 wt % of at least one monomer selected from the following monomers:a) an active halogen group-containing monomerb) an epoxy group-containing monomerc) a carboxyl group-containing monomerd) a diene compounde) a (meth)acrylate having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in its side chain, and(D) from 0 to 15 wt % of other ethylenically unsaturated monomer which is copolymerizable with each of the above components (A), (B) and (C), andwhich has a Mooney viscosity (ML.sub.1+4 (100.degree. C.)) of at least 5.

Abstract: Azlactone-functional membranes prepared by solvent phase inversion techniques are disclosed. Adduct membranes prepared by the reaction of azlactone-functional membranes with nucleophilic reagents are also disclosed. Both azlactone-functional copolymers and blends of azlactone-functional homopolymers or copolymers with blending polymers can be used. These azlactone-functional membranes have azlactone functionality throughout all surfaces formed ab initio into any desired shape. Membrane properties can be modified by sacrifice of some azlactone functionality via crosslinking between azlactone moieties or coupling of hydrophilic ligands.

Abstract: An unsaturated acid-functional monomer having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl and Z is nothing or is a divalent radical of 1 to about 20 carbons.

Abstract: The polymer scale preventive agent comprises an alkaline solution containing (A) an condensation product of (A-1) a hydroxybiphenyl compound with (A-2) an aldehyde compound, (B) a reaction stopper, and (C) an inorganic colloid and is used for polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond. The process of producing the polymer comprises polymerizing the monomer in a polymerization vessel having a coating film on its inner wall surfaces, whereby polymer scale is prevented from being deposited, wherein said coating film is formed by applying, on said inner wall surfaces, said alkaline solution, followed by drying. According to the invention, deposition of polymer scale can be effectively prevented not only on the areas in the liquid phase but also at and in the vicinity of the interface between the gas and liquid phases in a polymerization vessel.

Abstract: Copolymers are prepared from monoethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups and N-vinyllactams and, if required, other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers by copolymerization of monomers in the presence of free radical polymerization initiators by a solution polymerization method in water at a pH of at least 6, by a process in which an alkali metal base or an alkaline earth metal base or a mixture thereof is used for establishing the pH of the aqueous reaction solution.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition or photosensitive heat-curing resin composition comprising a photocurable oligomer containing 2 or more polymerizable double bonds and a carboxyl group and a heat-curing component selected from a compound containing one polymerizable double bond and one epoxy group, a compound containing one or more polymerizable double bonds and one or more blocked isocyanate groups; a photosensitive resin composition comprising a photocurable oligomer containing a carboxyl group, a blocked isocyanate group and 2 or more polymerizable double bonds; and a novel compound containing one or more polymerizable double bonds and one or more blocked isocyanate groups are disclosed. The resin compositions have high photosensitivity, excellent developability and provide a solder resist pattern with excellent properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acrylic rubber composition comprising a copolymer composition comprising ethylene monomer units and acrylic acid ester monomer units as main components, wherein said copolymer composition contains an epoxy group-containing cross-linkable compound in an amount of 1.2 to 3.0% by weight (wt %) and said rubber composition contains an isocyanuric acid and a quaternary ammonium salt as vulcanizing agents, and a rubber hose having at least one layer comprising the above acrylic rubber composition vulcanized.

Abstract: A copolymer based on monomers selected from the group consisting of dicarboximides, alkenyl isocyanates and alkenylurethanes of formula I: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 to R.sup.5, R.sup.6, X, Y, Z, M, and a-d are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel polyether compounds obtained by the reaction or polymerization of 3,4-epoxy-1-butene in the presence of tetrahydrofuran, an acidic catalyst and a nucleophilic initiator compound. The polyether compounds comprise m units of residue (1), n units of residue (2), and p units of residue (3) wherein (i) residues (1), (2) and (3) have the structures: ##STR1## (ii) the total value of m+n+p is 5 to 70; (iii) the value of n/(m+n+p) is in the range of 0.2 to 0.4, i.e.

Abstract: An alkenyl-substituted bisnadimide represented by the following formula 1!: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 individually represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and E is an alkylene.phenylene group or an alkylene.phenylene.alkylene group represented by the following formula 2!: ##STR2## (wherein a is an integer of 0 or 1, and R.sup.3' individually represent a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene group or a C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkylene group)!, a process for the preparation of the same and a process for curing the same are disclosed. Further, an adhesive material and a coating material containing the bisnadimide as a curing component are also disclosed. A cured material obtaind from the bisnadimide has excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength, toughness, adhesion property to many kinds of substrates, and so on. The adhesive material shows excellent heat resistance and the coating material shows excellent boiling water resistance.