Abstract: Circuits using four terminal junction field effect transistors (JFETs) are disclosed. Such circuits can include various static and dynamic logic circuits, flip-flops, multiplexer, tri-state driver, phase detector, logic having variable speeds of operation, and/or analog circuit with such four terminal JFETs operating in a linear or nonlinear mode.

Abstract: A Self Activated Power Brake comprising a rotating brake disk fitted coaxially to a wheel and the main brake caliper/shoes fitted on dead axle/body frame. A sliding mechanism having shaped resembles to arc in orbit of brake disk. The mechanism having in two major parts, one is sliding and other is fixed which consists sliding bed and fitted with main power brake caliper. A pilot brake caliper, which is in sliding mode (floating mode), fitted on sliding part of the said sliding mechanism. At least one power transmitting means out of suggested means is needed to be linked the sliding pilot brake caliper to main power brake caliper to transfer the friction power of the pilot brake caliper after required amplification of the same. On braking action, the pilot brake caliper which is actuated by fluid line coming from master cylinder, actuates main power brake caliper through at least one power transmitting means as aforesaid to do the job as a SELF-ACTIVATED POWER BRAKE.

Abstract: New compounds useful as synthetic intermediates to synthesize perindopril, a new process for synthesizing perindopril, and new salts of perindopril.

Abstract: A sensing system incorporating a nano-scale fluoro-biosensor for detection of specifically targeted bio-contaminants (targets). Select embodiments use fluorescent nanoparticles such as quantum dots (QD) conjugated to antibody fragments to form a sensor for a specific bio-contaminant based on fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET). A quenching dye may be used to label an analog, while a specific antibody is covalently bonded to a hydrophilic QD. Coupling of QD labeled antibodies and quencher labeled analogs provides enough proximity to produce appreciable FRET-based quenching. Any addition of the target displaces the dye-labeled bacteria, eliminating FRET-based quenching and results in a concentration-dependent increase in QD photoluminescence. Applications include rapid detection and identification, with a high degree of specificity and sensitivity, of a broad range of targets, including viral contaminants, e.g., in less than about three minutes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel herbal composition comprising an extract of flowering and fruiting heads of the plant, Sphaeranthus indicus. The said extract of Sphaeranthus indicus contains a compound, 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (7-Hydroxy-4,11(13)-eudesmadien-12,6-olide) (compound 1), as a bioactive marker. The invention also relates to a composition comprising 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (compound 1) as an active ingredient. The invention also relates to methods of manufacture of the said compositions. The invention also relates to methods of administration of the said compositions to a subject in need of treatment for an inflammatory disorder. The invention also relates to tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-?) and interleukin (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) inhibitory activity of the said compositions.

Abstract: A method of determining available frequency ranges for at least one communication device is provided. The method comprises providing a downlink transmission time interval, determining available frequency ranges within a plurality of frequency ranges after the downlink transmission time interval, and providing an uplink transmission time interval after the determining of the available frequency ranges.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of p-toluic acid by liquid phase oxidation of p-xylene using oxygen or air as oxidant in the presence of p-toluic acid, water as solvent and cobalt salt or its combinations with salts of Ce, Mn as catalyst. Oxidation is carried out at 130-190° C. and pressure sufficient to keep water in liquid state. Oxidation step is followed by filteration to obtain p-toluic acid as major product. Untreated p-xylene is recovered and recycled and the catalyst is recovered from aqueous phase and is recycled.

Abstract: An approach is provided for monitoring traffic over a network link that is used to provide one or more services to one or more customers. A determination is made regarding whether a failure mode of the network link has occurred by comparing the monitored traffic to predetermined bandwidth criteria. A corrective action to be taken in response to the failure mode is selected, where selection of the corrective action to be taken is determined based on the failure mode. Further corrective actions selected iteratively from a predetermined list of successive actions are applied until the failure modes are addressed.

Abstract: In a system involving CO2 capture having an acid gas removal system to selectively remove CO2 from shifted syngas, the acid gas removal system including at least one stage, e.g. a flash tank, for CO2 removal from an input stream of dissolved carbon dioxide in physical solvent, the method of recovering CO2 in the acid gas removal system including: elevating a pressure of the stream of dissolved carbon dioxide in physical solvent; and elevating the temperature of the pressurized stream upstream of at least one CO2 removal stage.

Abstract: Circuits using four terminal junction field effect transistors (JFETs) are disclosed. Such circuits can include various static and dynamic logic circuits, flip-flops, multiplexer, tri-state driver, phase detector, logic having variable speeds of operation, and/or analog circuit with such four terminal JFETs operating in a linear or nonlinear mode.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for manufacturing metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors that are operable at voltages below 1.5V, which MOS transistors are area efficient, and where the drive strength and leakage current of the MOS transistors is improved. The invention uses a dynamic threshold voltage control scheme that does not require a change to the existing MOS technology process. The invention provides a technique that controls the threshold voltage of the transistor. In the OFF state, the threshold voltage of the transistor is set high, keeping the transistor leakage to a small value. In the ON state, the threshold voltage is set to a low value, resulting in increased drive strength. The invention is particularly useful in MOS technology for both bulk and silicon on insulator (SOI) CMOS.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel polymorphic form of atovaquone. More particularly, it relates to a novel crystalline form, that has improved solubility and other bulk characteristics suitable for pharmaceutical application. The present invention also relates to processes for preparing a new polymorphic form of atovaquone and its use in industry.

Abstract: A process for adsorption-based separation of bioparticles from an aqueous suspension containing such bioparticles is disclosed which process comprises a) bringing said aqueous suspension into contact with a macroporous cryogel monolith carrying on its surface a ligand capable of interacting specifically or non-specifically with a receptor on the surface of a bioparticle to be separated to adsorb said bioparticle to said macroporous cryogen monolith; and b) liberating said bioparticle from said macroporous cryogel monolith by elution, wherein said macroporous cryogel monolith is subjected to a physical deformation in conjunction with exposure to eluting medium.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data from a first communication device to a second communication device is provided. The method comprises transmitting at least one first data portion, transmitting a second data portion synchronized with the transmission of a corresponding data portion of a third communication device to the second communication device, and the transmission of the at least one first data portion being arranged such that it is received by the second communication device before the data portion of the third communication device corresponding to the second data portion.

Abstract: A method for using an inverter with a pair of complementary junction field effect transistors (CJFET) with a small linewidth is provided. The method includes having an input capacitance for said CJFET inverter to be less than the corresponding input capacitance of a CMOS inverter of similar linewidth. The CJFET operates at a power supply with a lesser value than the voltage drop across a forward-biased diode having a reduced switching power as compared to said CMOS inverter and having a propagation delay for said CJFET inverter that is at least comparable to the corresponding delay of said CMOS inverter.

Abstract: A JFET integrated onto a substrate having a semiconductor layer at least and having source and drain contacts over an active area and made of first polysilicon (or other conductors such as refractive metal or silicide) and a self-aligned gate contact made of second polysilicon which has been polished back to be flush with a top surface of a dielectric layer covering the tops of the source and drain contacts. The dielectric layer preferably has a nitride cap to act as a polish stop. In some embodiments, nitride covers the entire dielectric layer covering the source and drain contacts as well as the field oxide region defining an active area for said JFET. An embodiment with an epitaxially grown channel region formed on the surface of the substrate is also disclosed.

Abstract: Use of a forward biased diode to reduce leakage current of transistors implemented on silicon on insulator (SOI) is a particular challenge due to the difficulty of achieving effective contact with the region beneath the gate of the transistor. An improved implementation in SOI gate fingers that reach under the source through tunnels that are contacted with a region outside the transistor. A further embodiment uses drain extension implants to provide good channel connection.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel herbal soft drink comprising decoction of plants selected from Sida sps., Vitis vinifera, Withania somnifera, Boerhaavia diffusa and Tinospora cordifolia for the protection and prevention of health and in particular, but not exclusively with antioxidant, immunoenhancing, hepatoprotective, cardiotonic, diuretic, digestive, choleretic, nervine relaxant properties.

Abstract: A one-pot industrial process for preparing 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-1H-imidazole-1-yl)methyl]-4H-carbazol-4-one of Formula-(I) from 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-4H-carbazol-4-one of Formula-(IV) involves reaction of Formula (IV) with HNR1R2 salt and paraformaldehyde, where R1,R2 are independently alkyl groups or together forms a cyclic alkyl group, in a solvent system of acetic acid and hydrocarbon solvent to form a crude mixture of intermediate compounds of Formula (III) and (VIII), which is converted to ondansetron (Formula (I)) without isolation by reaction with 2methyimidazole in a suitable solvent system in the same pot.

Abstract: A JFET structure with self-aligned metal source, drain and gate contacts with very low resistivity and very small feature sizes. Small source, drain and gate openings are etched in a thin dielectric layer which has a thickness set according to the desired source, gate and drain opening sizes, said dielectric layer having a nitride top layer. Metal is deposited on top of said dielectric layer to fill said openings and the metal is polished back to the top of the dielectric layer to achieve thin source, drain and gate contacts. Some embodiments include an anti-leakage poly-silicon layer lining the contact holes and all embodiments where spiking may occur include a barrier metal layer.