Abstract: A method includes: generating a first sum value at least by a first resistor; generating a first shifted sum value based on the first sum value and a nonlinear function; generating a pulse number based on the first shifted sum value; and changing the first resistor based on the pulse number to adjust the first sum value.

Abstract: An electrically controlled polarization rotator is disclosed. The electrically controlled polarization rotator includes two substrates and a liquid crystal layer located between the two substrates. The two substrates have a homogeneous alignment and a homeotropic alignment respectively. A distance between the two substrates is a liquid crystal thickness. A switching electric field which is adjustable is provided between the two substrates. A polarized light is incident on the substrate having the homogeneous alignment. A polarization direction of the polarized light is orthogonal or parallel to an alignment direction of the substrate having the homogeneous alignment. A birefringence of the liquid crystal layer multiplied by the liquid crystal thickness and further divided by a wavelength of the polarized light is greater than 10. The polarization direction of the polarized light is rotated corresponding to an intensity of the switching electric field in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a biomedical ? titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof. Its composition includes: Mo: 9.20-13.50%; Fe: 1.00-3.20%; Zr: 3.50-8.20%; Ta: 0-1.00%; the balance is Ti. The ? titanium alloy is suitable for the laser additive manufacturing technology, and the prepared parts have a dense equiaxed grain structure with ultra-low grain size and a small number of columnar grain structures, which produces a fine-grain strengthening effect, and greatly improve the hardness and tribocorrosion performance of the alloy material. Also provided is a method for preparing a non-toxic, low-elasticity, and tribocorrosion resistant biomedical ? titanium alloy material. A powder prepared from the above alloy components is subjected to a laser additive manufacturing technology to prepare a corresponding ? titanium alloy with high-hardness, good tribocorrosion resistance and extremely low cytotoxicity.

Abstract: A tank valve system comprises a main valve body, an overfill protection device (OPD), a gauge drive apparatus and a fuel level indicator. The OPD and gauge drive apparatus are configured to both be inserted through a narrow neck of a fuel storage tank prior to connecting the valve body to the neck. The valve body includes a primary fuel channel and a shuttle interface channel. The OPD includes an overfill float driving an overfill shutoff valve for controlling fluid flow from the primary channel into the tank. The gauge drive apparatus includes a gauge float, a shuttle, and an elongated extension body. The gauge float is movable with respect to the extension body between an uppermost position and a lowermost position, thereby driving the shuttle. The shuttle has a gauge actuation portion transportable within the shuttle interface channel to thereby actuate the fuel level indicator.

Abstract: A dual real-time clock battery power unit may comprise a top battery housing for retaining a first battery, having an exterior fastener arm for partially inserting beneath an exterior fastener lip of a bottom battery housing for retaining a second battery when the top and bottom battery housings are in a closed clamshell configuration. A positive terminal for contacting a second battery positive surface, and a bottom negative terminal for contacting a second battery negative surface may be mounted within the bottom battery housing. A top negative terminal may be mounted within the top battery housing to contact a first battery negative surface. The top and bottom battery housings may be operably connected to form the closed clamshell configuration disposing the bottom battery housing between the top battery housing and a printed circuit board (PCB), and electrically coupling the PCB to the top and bottom batteries, forming a parallel circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for characterizing magnetic properties of a target layer, including providing a first sample having a first structure, providing a second sample having a target layer over the first structure, obtaining a first magnetic property of the first sample, obtaining a second magnetic property of the second sample, and deriving a third magnetic property of the target layer according to the first magnetic property and the second magnetic property.

Abstract: This patent presents an attitude determination and control system based on a Quaternion Kalman Filter (QKF) with an extendable number of sensors and actuators. Furthermore, it is compatible with the spherical motor as its attitude actuator. The system includes a processor with a QKF, at least one direct attitude actuator, and at least two environmental sensors. Firstly, system dynamics calculates a first propagation attitude determination result. Next, update the first propagation with the attitude sensor measurements. Then, control the satellite's attitude via the attitude actuator closer to the attitude command provided by the user. The proposed system dynamic model could adjust the number of actuators and sensors freely without reprogramming the algorithms for new missions with new configurations on the actuators and sensors. Moreover, if some components fail, the algorithm can automatically remove those related sequences to avoid the overall failure of the system.

Abstract: A foldable mechanism includes a first movable plate, a second movable plate and a linkage structure. The first movable plate is below and supports an object to be rolled. The second movable plate is spaced apart from the first movable plate along a first direction, is connected to a first end of the object to be rolled and is below and supports the object to be rolled. The linkage structure is movably connected between the first movable plate and the second movable plate. The first movable plate is configured to move along a second direction to drive the linkage structure to fold or unfold, and the linkage structure is configured to drive the second movable plate to move close to or away from the first movable plate along the first direction, so as to switch the object to be rolled between a rolled state and an unrolled state.

Abstract: A medical device includes an outer tube, an operation portion at least partially located in the outer tube and a control portion having a channel communicated with the outer tube along the first direction. The second end of the control portion is coupled with the first end of the outer tube, so that the channel and the outer tube are communicated with each other along the first direction. The control portion includes a control module including a suction control unit having a stopping unit and configured to move along a second direction which is different form the first direction, a suction port actuator located at a side opposite to the suction control unit with the channel therebetween and a switching unit configured to switch the work status of the operation portion. The suction port actuator is configured to be activated by the suction control unit.

Abstract: A smoke generator includes an oil tank receiving an oil to be pumped by an oil pump to a vaporization tube where the oil vaporized into smoke after heating by a heater. A pre-pressurization oil supply device is disposed between the vaporization tube and the oil pump. When the pre-pressurization oil supply device is in a non-supply state not intercommunicating with the vaporization tube, the pre-pressurization oil supply device maintains its internal pressure, and the oil in the pre-pressurization oil supply device is not delivered to the vaporization tube. When the pre-pressurization oil supply device is in an oil supply state, the pre-pressurization oil supply device intercommunicates with the vaporization tube, and the oil in the pre-pressurization oil supply device is rapidly delivered to the vaporization tube.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a field effect transistor (FET) structure comprises a body structure, dielectric structures, a gate structure and a source or drain region. The gate structure is formed over the body structure. The source or drain region is embedded in the body structure beside the gate structure, and abuts and is extended beyond the dielectric structure. The source or drain region contains stressor material with a lattice constant different from that of the body structure. The source or drain region comprises a first region formed above a first level at a top of the dielectric structures and a second region that comprises downward tapered side walls formed under the first level and abutting the corresponding dielectric structures.

Abstract: A pair of plumbing pliers includes two levers, a pawl and a torque spring. After adjusting the desired bite size according to a diameter of a pipe, the levers are pivoted relative to each other in a first range to clamp and release the pipe repeatedly to rotate the pipe. To adjust a bite size of the pair of plumbing pliers according to a diameter of another pipe, the levers are pivoted and then moved relative to each other in a second range. Little resistance is encountered in the first range. However, considerable resistance is encountered in the second range. Hence, the difference between the first and second ranges can easily be felt. Accordingly, it is not likely that a user will, by mistake, enter the second range, i.e., increase the bite size of the pair of plumbing pliers.

Abstract: A portable body surface air cooling method and a device thereof are disclosed. A portable air compression and heat dissipation set at least composed of an air compression unit, an air heat dissipation passage set and a power unit. The device compresses air with normal temperature in an environment to form compressed air, transfers the compressed air through a transfer passage, dissipates the heat of the compressed air and lowers the temperature of the compressed air in the transfer process, making the compressed air with lowered temperature continuously self-expand to reduce the pressure and lower the temperature in the transfer passage, guiding the compressed air to a terminal expansion spraying/spreading position, The compressed air is directly sprayed to the body surface of the user to spread hot air layer and perform the processes of final expansion, heat absorption and temperature lowering. Accordingly, double cooling effects are achieved.

Abstract: A head-mounted display includes a display device, a connecting structure and a head abutting portion. The connecting structure is in a shape of strip. The connecting structure has two opposite ends. The ends are respectively connected with the display device. The connecting structure and the display device define an accommodation space. The accommodation space is configured to accommodate a head of a user. The head abutting portion is pivotally connected with the connecting structure. The head abutting portion is at least partially located between the connecting structure and the display device. The head abutting portion is configured to abut against the head of the user.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a Coulomb blockade thermometer, comprising a Coulomb blockade thermometer sensor element, a radio-frequency generator configured to feed a radio-frequency signal to a first port of the Coulomb blockade thermometer, and a radio-frequency sensor configured to measure a response of the Coulomb blockade thermometer to the radio-frequency signal from a second port of the Coulomb blockade thermometer to perform a conductance measurement of the Coulomb blockade thermometer, and a bias voltage generator configured to sweep through a bias voltage range during the conductance measurement, performed using the radio-frequency generator, of the Coulomb blockade thermometer.

Abstract: A head-mounted display includes a face-abutting frame, a first adjustable structure, a second adjustable structure and a display module. The face-abutting frame has a first side and a second side opposite to each other. The first side abuts against a face of a user. The face-abutting frame defines a space corresponding to eyes of the user. The first adjustable structure connects with the second side. The second adjustable structure connects with the second side and defines the space with the first adjustable structure. The second adjustable structure movably and mechanically connects with the first adjustable structure. The display module corresponds to the space and movably and mechanically connects with the first adjustable structure. The first and the second adjustable structures can move close to or away from each other. The display module and the first adjustable structure can move close to or away from each other.

Abstract: A power supply with lightning protection includes a surge voltage suppression apparatus, an electromagnetic interference control circuit, a surge current bypass apparatus, an active bridge rectifier circuit, a power factor correction circuit, and a DC-to-DC conversion circuit. The surge voltage suppression apparatus is used to increase a tolerance of a surge voltage for the power supply. The electromagnetic interference control circuit is coupled to the surge voltage suppression apparatus. The surge current bypass apparatus is used to increase a tolerance of a surge current for the power supply. The active bridge rectifier circuit is used to rectify an input voltage. The power factor correction circuit is used to adjust the rectified input voltage to provide an adjusted input voltage on a bulk capacitor. The DC-to-DC conversion circuit is used to convert the adjusted input voltage into a DC output voltage.

Abstract: A semiconductor device structure and method for forming the same are provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a first metal layer formed over a substrate and a dielectric layer formed over the first metal layer. The semiconductor device structure further includes an adhesion layer formed in the dielectric layer and over the first metal layer and a second metal layer formed in the dielectric layer. The second metal layer is electrically connected to the first metal layer, and a portion of the adhesion layer is formed between the second metal layer and the dielectric layer. The adhesion layer includes a first portion lining with a top portion of the second metal layer, and the first portion has an extending portion along a vertical direction.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and method of manufacture are provided. A source/drain region is formed next to a spacer, which is adjacent to a gate electrode. An implantation is performed through an implantation mask into the source/drain region as well as the first spacer, forming an implantation region within the spacer.