Abstract: A non-isolated DC-to-DC switching hybrid converter is implemented using a cross-coupled series-capacitor quadruple step-down buck converter topology. In some embodiments, the DC-to-DC switching hybrid converter includes a switched-capacitor converter circuit and incorporates a zero-voltage switching network to implement soft switching and a coupled inductor to realize a fixed step-down ratio. The hybrid converter is capable of supporting a high step-down ratio (such as 8:1) while providing high efficiency. In other embodiments, the DC-to-DC switching hybrid converter incorporates a transformer in place of the coupled inductor to further increase the step-down ratio.

Abstract: A system includes a processor, a memory, a storage medium, and a network interface. The system is configured to receive data from a first dataset and a second dataset. The system is configured to perform a method, including monitoring changes in the database structure, extracting metadata, embedding text fields, building an index, performing similarity searches, retrieving similar fields, using a RAG framework, a Machine Learning predicting, and comparing the results.

Abstract: A surgical system includes: (1) an imaging device configured to acquire imaging data of a surgical site; (2) a surgical manipulator configured to hold a surgical tool; and (3) a controller connected to the imaging device and the surgical manipulator, wherein the controller is configured to receive the imaging data from the imaging device and derive, from the imaging data, an insertion trajectory for the surgical tool through an incision at the surgical site.

Abstract: A method includes providing a power conversion system comprising a first power conversion apparatus connected between an input voltage bus and an intermediate voltage bus, and a second power conversion apparatus connected between the intermediate voltage bus and an output voltage bus, detecting a plurality of operating parameters of the power conversion system, and dynamically adjusting a voltage on the intermediate voltage bus based on the plurality of operating parameters so as to improve at least one desirable circuit characteristic of the power conversion system.

Abstract: A power conversion system includes a multiphase controller comprising a PWM generator and a plurality of signal summing modules, wherein the PWM generator is configured to generate a plurality of PWM signals, and each signal summing module is configured to receive two PWM signals and combine the two PWM signals into a mixed PWM signal, and a plurality of dual power stages, each of which comprises a phase splitter, a first power stage and a second power stage, wherein the phase splitter is configured to receive the mixed PWM signal, and split the mixed PWM signal into a first PWM signal fed into the first power stage and a second PWM signal fed into the second power stage.

Abstract: A parameter optimization device includes a data acquisition module, a sampling function calculation module, a clustering module and a parameter recommendation module. The data acquisition module is configured to acquire several input parameter values and corresponding several measurement output values. The sampling function calculation module is configured to obtain several sampling function values according to the input parameter values and the measurement output values. The clustering module is configured to obtain several parameter groups according to the input parameter values and the sampling function values. The parameter recommendation module is configured to obtain several recommended parameter values from at least one of the parameter groups.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a plurality of switches connected in parallel between an input terminal and an output terminal of a power bus, a plurality of current sensing circuits coupled to the plurality of switches, wherein each current sensing circuit is coupled to a corresponding switch, and a plurality of current sharing circuits configured to receive current sensing signals from the plurality of current sensing circuits and generate a plurality of gate drive signals to control the plurality of switches so as to achieve a predetermined current distribution among the plurality of switches.

Abstract: A non-isolated DC-to-DC switching hybrid converter is implemented using a cross-coupled series-capacitor quadruple step-down buck converter topology. In some embodiments, the DC-to-DC switching hybrid converter includes a switched-capacitor converter circuit and incorporates a zero-voltage switching network to implement soft switching and a coupled inductor to realize a fixed step-down ratio. The hybrid converter is capable of supporting a high step-down ratio (such as 8:1) while providing high efficiency. In other embodiments, the DC-to-DC switching hybrid converter incorporates a transformer in place of the coupled inductor to further increase the step-down ratio.

Abstract: Operations in fabricating a Fin FET include providing a substrate having a fin structure, where an upper portion of the fin structure has a first fin surface profile. An isolation region is formed on the substrate and in contact with the fin structure. A portion of the isolation region is recessed by an etch process to form a recessed portion and to expose the upper portion of the fin structure, where the recessed portion has a first isolation surface profile. A thermal hydrogen treatment is applied to the fin structure and the recessed portion. A gate dielectric layer is formed with a substantially uniform thickness over the fin structure, where the recessed portion is adjusted from the first isolation surface profile to a second isolation surface profile and the fin structure is adjusted from the first fin surface profile to a second fin surface profile, by the thermal hydrogen treatment.

Abstract: A surgical system includes: (1) an imaging device configured to acquire imaging data of a surgical site; (2) a surgical manipulator configured to hold a surgical tool; and (3) a controller connected to the imaging device and the surgical manipulator, wherein the controller is configured to receive the imaging data from the imaging device and derive, from the imaging data, an insertion trajectory for the surgical tool through an incision at the surgical site.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a second phase PWM off time current sense circuit configured to generate a second phase PWM off time current signal proportional to a current flowing through a second inductor when a high-side switch of the second phase is turned off and a low-side switch of the second phase is turned on, a second phase PWM on time current rebuild circuit configured to construct an artificial second phase inductor current signal using a second phase voltage-controlled current source to charge a second rebuild capacitor when the high-side switch of the second phase is turned on, and a second phase feedback loop configured to adjust a current flowing through the second phase voltage-controlled current source so as to force a saved voltage of the artificial second phase inductor current signal to be equal to a saved voltage of the second phase PWM off time current signal.

Abstract: A liquid cooling device is applied to a plurality of optical transceivers of an electronic apparatus. The liquid cooling device includes a main body, a channel module and a tube module. The main body has an accommodating structure, an inlet structure and an outlet structure. The inlet structure and the outlet structure are connected to the accommodating structure. The main body covers at least a part of the plurality of optical transceivers. The channel module is disposed inside the accommodating structure. The tube module has an inlet tube and an outlet tube respectively disposed on the inlet structure and the outlet structure.

Abstract: An apparatus such as a power converter includes a first flying capacitor operative to store a first flying capacitor voltage; a second flying capacitor operative to store a second flying capacitor voltage; an inductor providing coupling between the first flying capacitor and the second flying capacitor; and a network of switches operative to, in accordance with control signals, produce an output voltage via the first flying capacitor voltage and the second flying capacitor voltage.

Abstract: Operations in fabricating a Fin FET include providing a substrate having a fin structure, where an upper portion of the fin structure has a first fin surface profile. An isolation region is formed on the substrate and in contact with the fin structure. A portion of the isolation region is recessed by an etch process to form a recessed portion and to expose the upper portion of the fin structure, where the recessed portion has a first isolation surface profile. A thermal hydrogen treatment is applied to the fin structure and the recessed portion. A gate dielectric layer is formed with a substantially uniform thickness over the fin structure, where the recessed portion is adjusted from the first isolation surface profile to a second isolation surface profile and the fin structure is adjusted from the first fin surface profile to a second fin surface profile, by the thermal hydrogen treatment.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor fin. The semiconductor device includes a first silicon oxide layer contacting the semiconductor fin at a first interface and including nitrogen at a first concentration. The semiconductor device includes a second silicon oxide layer contacting the first silicon oxide layer at a second interface and including nitrogen at a second concentration that is greater than the first concentration.

Abstract: An endodontic robotic surgical system is provided. The endodontic robotic surgical system includes a robot arm and an endodontic robotic surgical assembly electrically connected to the robot arm. The endodontic robotic surgical assembly includes a multiple-axis force sensing device, a treatment assembly and an assistive device. The treatment assembly includes a housing, a drawstring-positioning structure disposed on the housing, a plurality of drawstrings connected to the drawstring-positioning structure, and an endodontic surgical element fitted to the housing. The drawstring-positioning structure is electrically connected to the multiple-axis force sensing device. The assistive device is adapted to be put on a tooth structure in a human oral cavity. The drawstrings are connected to different points on the assistive device. An endodontic robotic surgical assembly is further provided.

Abstract: A multi-channel payment method for a multi-channel payment system comprises the payer or the payee who initiated the payment request logs in to the multi-channel payment system; the payer or the payee who initiated the payment request placing an order in the multi-channel payment system, wherein the order comprises a designated payment gateway; the multi-channel payment system determining a predicted fee of the order according to the designated payment gateway, past order records, and a real-time exchange rate; the multi-channel payment system performing an anti-money laundering verification of the order; the payer reviewing the order and the predicted fee through a multiple auditing method; and the multi-channel payment system executing payment from the payer to the payee according to the order and the designated payment gateway, and storing a payment detail of the order.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a plurality of switches connected in parallel between an input terminal and an output terminal of a power bus, a plurality of current sensing circuits coupled to the plurality of switches, wherein each current sensing circuit is coupled to a corresponding switch, and a plurality of current sharing circuits configured to receive current sensing signals from the plurality of current sensing circuits and generate a plurality of gate drive signals to control the plurality of switches so as to achieve a predetermined current distribution among the plurality of switches.

Abstract: An apparatus such as a power converter includes a first flying capacitor operative to store a first flying capacitor voltage; a second flying capacitor operative to store a second flying capacitor voltage; an inductor providing coupling between the first flying capacitor and the second flying capacitor; and a network of switches operative to, in accordance with control signals, produce an output voltage via the first flying capacitor voltage and the second flying capacitor voltage.

Abstract: A liquid cooling device is applied to a plurality of optical transceivers of an electronic apparatus. The liquid cooling device includes a main body, a channel module and a tube module. The main body has an accommodating structure, an inlet structure and an outlet structure. The inlet structure and the outlet structure are connected to the accommodating structure. The main body covers at least a part of the plurality of optical transceivers. The channel module is disposed inside the accommodating structure. The tube module has an inlet tube and an outlet tube respectively disposed on the inlet structure and the outlet structure.