Abstract: First, through a coating step, a photolithography step and an etching step, a plurality of electrodes 142, 142, . . . are formed on a base plate 141. Next, a resist layer 143b is formed on the base plate 141 so as to cover all of the electrodes 142, 142, . . . , and by exposing and developing the resist layer 143b, a nozzle 103 having a super minute diameter is formed to stand with respect to the base plate 141 so as to make the resist layer 143b correspond to each electrode 142, and an in-nozzle passage is formed in each nozzle 103.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a first and a second intermediate image transfer belt contacting each other to form a nip for secondary image transfer. While the nip is heated, a sheet is passed through the nip to thereby transfer toner images respectively formed on the first and second belts to opposite surfaces of the sheet at the same time. The nip is sized such that image transfer and fixation can be effected at temperature higher than the melting point or the softening point of toner by 5° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: Provided are a microcapsule emulsion which can release almost all the amount of a biological active substance comprised therein at a constant release rate over a prolonged period, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: A new clamping machine is disclosed, which can perform a straight-hydraulic mold clamping and a tie-bar drawing-out operation in a reduced working space, and enables a shortened mold exchanging time, by effecting retraction of a movable die plate and a tie-bar drawing-out operation simultaneously. In order to draw out tie bars 18 from a fixed die plate 10 only when molds are exchanged, annular pistons 36, which construct mold clamping cylinders in the fixed die plate, are provided. Abutting each piston, a pair of half nuts 48A, 48B are arranged and driven to engage with an engagement portion 18A provided at one end of each tie bar on the side of the fixed die plate, usually, other than during the drawing out operation. A relative position of each tie bar to the half nuts is set to be able to engage with the half nuts when a right end face of the tie bar contacts with the stopper plate 46.

Abstract: An optical alignment method which develops a pretilt angle by batch plane exposure without tilting a substrate. This optical alignment method provides liquid crystal aligning capability to the surface of a polymer film by exposing the surface of the polymer film through a slit exposure mask while the surface of the polymer film and the slit exposure mask are moved relative to each other substantially at a fixed rate. Alternatively, liquid crystal aligning capability is provided to the surface of the polymer film by exposing the surface of the polymer film through an optical exposure pattern while the optical exposure pattern having a plurality of lines with a certain width at certain intervals is formed on the surface of the polymer film continuously.

Abstract: A projection exposure apparatus comprising: a display device having a reflection-type or transmission-type display portion on which a predetermined image to be exposed is displayed; a stage for holding a substrate to be exposed; and a telecentric-type projection lens for projecting the predetermined image displayed on the display portion onto the surface of the substrate held on the stage.

Abstract: To provide a mold clamping apparatus able to suppress spout of a molding material from between mating faces of dies and to extend the lifetime of the dies. A mold clamping apparatus has a control apparatus deciding a distribution of a load divided by a plurality of tie bars based on information concerning to the die and controlling pressure of driving oil of a cylinder chamber of each cylinder for mold clamping independently to become a load having a determined distribution.

Abstract: To provide a mold clamping apparatus that a new actuator is not necessary for a mold thickness adjustment and that the mold thickness adjustment can be performed at low cost. A mold clamping apparatus has a tie bar having a piston and a coupled groove, a cylinder for mold clamping that has the piston of the tie bar built in and that pressured driving liquid for generating mold clamping force is supplied, a half nut coupled with the tie bar releasably by meshing with the coupled groove, a position sensor detecting a position of a moving direction of the tie bar, a direction change valve changing a supply of the driving liquid between a first cylinder chamber and a second cylinder chamber, and a control apparatus positioning a position of the tie bar at a position that the half nut and the coupled groove are able to be meshed by controlling the direction change valve in response to the position of the tie bar detected by the position sensor.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing an automobile headrest which can be prevented from being drawn out inadvertently or on purpose, can be drawn out through a special operation if necessary, and includes a falloff preventing device allowing the same components as those of a height adjusting mechanism to be used. In an automobile headrest in which a headrest stay for supporting the headrest is vertically adjustably inserted and supported in a headrest bush, a headrest falloff preventing device including a locking mechanism for preventing the headrest from falling off and an unlocking mechanism for unlocking the headrest is attached to the headrest bush at a position inside a seat back. A falloff preventing notch is formed in the headrest stay. A lock member that abuts on the inserted headrest stay due to a resilient force of a spring is provided to the headrest bush so as to free to reciprocate.

Abstract: There is disclosed a vacuum cleaner including a dust separation section which separates air and dust flowing toward an intake port of a motor blower through a connection port of a cleaner main body. The dust separation section includes an air path forming member which performs a separation function. The forming member includes an introductory port, a derivative port, and an opening disposed between these. In the separation function, while dust-containing air flows toward the derivative port from the introductory port, a part of the air is sucked by the motor blower through the opening. Accordingly, the air is separated from the dust which goes straight in the air path forming member with inertia.

Abstract: A dust separation section 60 is provided at a suction air passage leading from a suction opening (connection opening 43 or suction opening 52, suction opening 100) of a vacuum cleaner main body 20 to an intake opening (33A, 107A) of a motor fan (33, 107) to separate a dust sucked from the suction opening (connection opening 43 or suction opening 52, suction opening 100) with an air and a dust collection section (dust collection room section 55, dust collection room 104) provided at the suction air passage for collecting the dust separated from the air from the dust separation section 60.

Abstract: A combustion pressure data collection system for a multi-cylinder engine includes a cylinder pressure sensor, an amplifier unit, and a channel switching unit. The cylinder pressure sensor directly detect a combustion pressure of respective cylinders, the amplifier unit converts a charge signal from the cylinder pressure sensor into voltage signal and have an automatic correction function for automatically correcting a voltage output level so that the level is setted to the same level before and after the cylinder pressure sensor generate a charge, and the amplifier unit of the respective cylinders is connected to the channel switching unit.

Abstract: A combustion pressure data collection system for a multi-cylinder engine includes a cylinder pressure sensor, an amplifier unit, and a channel switching unit. The cylinder pressure sensor directly detect a combustion pressure of respective cylinders, the amplifier unit converts a charge signal from the cylinder pressure sensor into voltage signal and have an automatic correction function for automatically correcting a voltage output level so that the level is setted to the same level before and after the cylinder pressure sensor generate a charge, and the amplifier unit of the respective cylinders is connected to the channel switching unit.

Abstract: Positive charges of a sensor element are stored in a capacitor for converting a voltage, are converted into a positive voltage by an amplifier, and then are outputted. When the polarity of the charges of the sensor element are inverted to the negative, the charges inversely flow from the capacitor for converting the voltage and feed back to an equivalent capacitor of the sensor element, and an output of the amplifier reduces and returns to a zero-point, an automatic correcting circuit makes an FET conductive and the charges are discharged in order to prevent the fluctuation of the zero-point level due to the negative drift.

Abstract: An injection system of a die casting machine giving the necessary casting pressure without adjusting the accumulator side, provided with an injection cylinder including an injection piston linked with the injection plunger and a booster piston arranged behind the injection piston, an accumulator for supplying a pressurized liquid of a predetermined pressure, a liquid pressure circuit for supplying the pressurized liquid from the accumulator to the injection cylinder, driving the injection piston, then driving the booster piston, a control valve for controlling a flow rate of the pressurized liquid discharged from the front side of the injection piston of the injection cylinder so as to control a flow rate of the injection piston, and controlling the pressure of the pressurized liquid at the front side of the injection piston by the timing of closing the control valve to determine the final value of the casting pressure.

Abstract: A mold clamping apparatus able to shorten the cycle time required for mold opening and clamping operations and enabling easy pullout of tie bars, provided with a fixed die plate for holding a fixed die, a moveable die plate for holding a moveable die plate and provided movable in mold opening/closing directions, tie bars provided with linking parts at their free ends and supported by the moveable die plate, clamping cylinders provided at the moveable die plate and driving the moveable die plate relative to the tie bars, movement mechanisms for making the moveable die plate move in the mold opening/closing directions and opening and closing the dies, contacting members against which the free ends of the tie bars contact so as to position the tie bars at predetermined positions with respect to the fixed die plate, and half nuts for linking with linking parts of the tie bars positioned at the predetermined positions and linking the tie bars with the fixed die plate.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device thereof that captures microscopic magnetic signals such as those developed by electrical current flowing inside a circuit that is miniaturized to less than sub-micron order, and to evaluate the circuit.

Abstract: Here is disclosed a system and a method for production management. In response to a job order created by a job order creating system, which indicates option to be applied to parts and processes associated with a standard specification product, a structure information creating processor creates, with reference to a structure modification master recording option applicable to the parts, a second structure master by applying the parts of an option specification product to a first structure master while a process information creating processor creates, with reference to a process modification master recording the option applicable to the process, a second process evolution master by applying processes for the option specification product to a first process evolution master.

Abstract: A positive charge of a sensor element is charged in a signal converting circuit, is converted into a positive voltage, and is outputted. When the polarity of the charge of the sensor element is inverted to the negative and an output of the signal converting circuit is decreased, the leaked charges are superimposed and become the negative. An automatic correction circuit detects the negative output and discharges the charges so as to set the input to “0”. Thus, the offset of the signal level due to the charge leakage is automatically corrected.

Abstract: A duplex image forming apparatus including a first image carrier configured to carry a first image, and a second image carrier configured to receive the first image. The first image is transferred to one side of a recording medium from the second image carrier, and a second image is formed on the first image carrier and transferred to the other side of the recording medium. Also included is a recording medium conveying device configured to vertically convey the recording medium to a fixing section along a vertical conveyance path at least starting from where the first and second images are transferred onto the recording medium, and a fixing device included in the fixing section configured to simultaneously fix the first and second images to respective sides of the recording medium.