Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for transmitting and receiving a paging message and an associated apparatus used for resolving the issue of an NB-IoT system in which only a main carrier, and not a secondary carrier, can transmit paging messages, resulting in a limited overall paging capacity for the system and inadequate services provided to NB-IoT terminals when there is a large number of such terminals. The method comprises: a terminal receiving system information transmitted from a base station, wherein the system information carries information of a carrier permitted to receive a paging message; the terminal determining, according to information of the carrier permitted to receive the paging message and a predetermined rule, a paging carrier, which is a main carrier or a secondary carrier of the base station; and the terminal receiving a paging message transmitted from the base station and carrier in the paging carrier.

Abstract: A buffer status metric representing a current amount of video packets in a video playback buffer (303) of a user device (300). A buffer status action is triggered based on the buffer status action and at least one of a mobility metric representing a mobility pattern of the user device (300) and a radio quality metric representing a signal strength of a radio channel carrying video packets towards the user device (300). The embodiments also relate to determination of a buffer control model (142) that can be used in order to control the video playback buffer based on the input metrics. The embodiments achieve a more efficient control of video playback buffers (303) and may reduce the risk of freezes during video playback.

Abstract: Disclosed are a data transmission method and device for device to device (D2D) communication, the method comprising: determining D2D communication destinations corresponding to a user equipment (UE) of a transmitting end; allocating a corresponding resource for each D2D communication destination; according to the resource corresponding to each D2D communication destination, generating a medium access control protocol data unit (MAC PDU) corresponding to the D2D communication destinations, and transmitting the MAC PDUs using the resource corresponding to the D2D communication destinations. The present invention separately generates a MAC PDU for each D2D communication destination of a UE of a transmitting end, thus preventing the data from one device to different D2D communication destination devices from being multiplexed into one MAC PDU, further reducing header overhead of the MAC PDU and eliminating unnecessary blind detection of a device of a receiving end, thereby saving power.

Abstract: Embodiments of racks are assembled on floating devices to secure mobile devices, foldable sunshades and foldable tents. A rack is composed of rack poles, pole holders, a hub, a cup lock, a pipe connector or a hub bottom screw. The pole holders are fixed around a floating device. The pole top ends may be inserted into the receptacles of a hub. A cup lock may cover the hub to lock the pole top ends in the receptacles. A pipe connector may connect to a hub with its top screw and connect to a mobile device holder or a pouch with its bottom end. Embodiments of foldable sunshades may be secured on the rack with elastic straps and hooks. Embodiments of foldable tents with a bottom hook-side belt of hook-and-loop may bind with a loop-side belt of hook-and-loop fixed on an inflatable raft or boat or on a low-profile hard-hull boat.

Abstract: Mechanisms for predicting a multimedia session MOS are provided. The multimedia session has a video session and an audio session. The video quality and the audio quality are represented by vectors of per-time-unit scores of video quality and audio quality, respectively. The multimedia session is represented by a vector of the rebuffering start times of each rebuffering event, and a vector of the rebuffering durations of each rebuffering event. Audiovisual quality features are generated from the vectors of per-time-unit scores of video and audio quality. Buffering features are generated from the vector of rebuffering start times of each rebuffering event and the vector of rebuffering durations of each rebuffering event. A multimedia session MOS is then estimated based on the generated audiovisual quality features and the generated buffering features.

Abstract: A method performed by a user equipment (UE) wirelessly connected to a wireless communication network for facilitating transmission of a real-time media flow from a sender towards the UE is described. The method includes sending a request to the network, requesting a packet loss prediction and a throughput prediction for transmission of a real-time media flow from the network towards the UE. The method also includes receiving, from the network, information of a predicted UE throughput and a predicted UE packet loss predicted by the network in response to the sent request. In some embodiments, the method also includes sending the received information to a sender of the real-time media flow to the UE.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for allocating a resource on a PC5 interface, comprising: acquiring a PC5 aggregation maximum bit rate of a user equipment; and after receiving a request for allocating a resource on a PC5 interface for the user equipment, allocating the resource on the PC5 interface according to the PC5 aggregation maximum bit rate of the user equipment. According to the present application, when a plurality of user equipment use a PC5 interface to perform communication, the solution of controlling, on the PC5, the total resources used by a UE on the PC5 interface can be provided, thus better controlling the service quality on the PC5 interface, and making up for the shortcomings of the prior art.

Abstract: A driving mechanism is provided, including a fixed part, a movable part for holding an optical element, and a driving assembly. The movable part is movable relative to the fixed part and has a first resonance frequency with respect to the fixed part. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable part to rotate back and forth within a range relative to the fixed part.

Abstract: A method and a scoring node for estimating a user's Quality of Experience, QoE, when a service is delivered in a media stream to the user by means of a communication network. Quality-related parameters pertaining to the service delivery are extracted, and an individual opinion score is determined for each of a set of quality models by applying each respective quality model in the set on the quality-related parameters. An aggregated opinion score is then determined as a weighted average of the individual opinion scores. The aggregated opinion score can then be used as an estimation of the user's QoE for the service delivery, e.g. when evaluating the service and/or the communication network.

Abstract: The present invention provides method and associated processor for authentication, e.g., log-in, with a remote application server by the processor of a user equipment, including: by the processor, achieving a bootstrapping authorization with a remote operator, obtaining a username and a password for logging in the remote application server according to the bootstrapping authorization, composing a log-in message according to the username and the password, and sending the log-in message to the remote application server.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method performed by a system of a wireless communication network for determining transmission conditions for a real-time media flow to be transmitted wirelessly to a first User Equipment, UE, residing in a first cell served by a first base station of the network. The method comprises obtaining radio network statistics of the first cell, the radio network statistics comprising radio network data for individual of a plurality of UEs in the first cell, UE throughput for individual of the plurality of UEs, and UE packet loss or packet delay for individual of the plurality of UEs, and obtaining, at a second time point occurring later in time than the obtaining of the radio network statistics, radio network data for the first UE.

Abstract: There are provided mechanisms for predicting a multimedia session MOS. The multimedia session comprises a video session and an audio session, wherein video quality is represented by a vector of per-time-unit scores of video quality and wherein audio quality is represented by is a vector of per-time-unit scores of audio quality. The multimedia session is represented by a vector of rebuffering start times of each rebuffering event, a vector of rebuffering durations of each rebuffering event, and an initial buffering duration being the time between an initiation of the multimedia session and a start time of the multimedia session. The method comprises generating audiovisual quality features from the vector of per-time-unit scores of video quality and the vector of per-time-unit scores of audio quality.

Abstract: A driving mechanism is provided, including a fixed part, a movable part for holding an optical element, a driving assembly, and a positioning structure. The movable part is connected to the fixed part. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable part to move relative to the fixed part. The positioning structure is formed on the movable part or the fixed part for positioning the optical element or at least one part of the driving assembly.

Abstract: An optical member driving mechanism is provided, including a movable portion, a fixed portion, a driving assembly, a light emitter, and a light receiver. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The light emitter emits light toward an object, and the light receiver receives the light reflected by the object.

Abstract: There are provided mechanisms for traffic steering between a first radio access network node and a second radio access network node. A method is performed by a system. The method includes obtaining, for each of the first radio access network node and the second radio access network node, a respective predicted traffic throughput for a wireless device. The wireless device is in dual connectivity with the first radio access network node and the second radio access network node. The method includes determining splitting of transmission of a flow of data destined for the wireless device between the first radio access network node and the second radio access network node according to the obtained predicted traffic throughputs. The method includes initiating traffic steering of the flow of data between the first radio access network node and the second radio access network node according to the splitting.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of determining a DTX cause at an access node, comprising: transmitting, to a User Equipment (UE), an Uplink (UL) grant and a Downlink (DL) assignment in a same DL subframe; detecting whether Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) of at least one of UL data to be transmitted in response to the UL grant received by the UE and Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) Acknowledgement (ACK)/Negative Acknowledgement (NACK) to be transmitted in response to DL data related to the DL assignment received by the UE occurs; and determining a cause of the DTX based on a result of the DTX detection. The present disclosure further provides an access node using the method and a computer program product.

Abstract: A method and a scoring node for estimating a user's Quality of Experience, QoE, when a service is delivered in a media stream to the user by means of a communication network. Quality-related parameters pertaining to the service delivery are extracted, and an individual opinion score is determined for each of a set of quality models by applying each respective quality model in the set on the quality-related parameters. An aggregated opinion score is then determined as a weighted average of the individual opinion scores. The aggregated opinion score can then be used as an estimation of the user's QoE for the service delivery, e.g. when evaluating the service and/or the communication network.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a buffer estimation module for estimating if a base station has data buffered for a mobile communication device is provided. The apparatus further comprises a scheduling estimation module for determining how frequently the mobile communication device has been scheduled to receive data from the base station, a radio quality module for determining a radio quality indication of a communication channel between the mobile communication device and the base station, and a throughput estimation module for predicting downlink throughput from the base station to the mobile communication device based on at least output from the buffer estimation module, the frequency estimation module and the radio quality module.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for analytics-driven wireless device session context handover in an operator cloud are provided. According to one aspect, some embodiments include a method for a network node to determine whether to perform a wireless device session context handover. The method includes determining, at the network node, a first cost of not handing over a wireless device session context based at least in part on a calculated estimate of time the wireless device will stay associated with a current base station and a calculated estimate of a cost per unit time of not performing the handover. The method also includes determining, at the network node, a second cost of handing over the wireless device session context based at least in part on at least one of context-related data, base station load, backhaul load and backhaul delay.

Abstract: A Network Node, a Radio Access node and methods therein for handling and supporting Hand Over, HO, in a wireless communication network are disclosed. The method in a Radio Access node comprises receiving, from a Network Node, a VoIP session notification identifying a traffic flow associated with VoIP related to a UE. The method further comprises receiving, from the Network Node, a VoIP state report for the identified traffic flow, said VoIP state report comprising a determined VoIP state, and a prediction related to a time to a VoIP state change. Further, the method comprises, when the UE is a candidate for HO: deciding whether to delay or to trigger the HO based on the VoIP state and the prediction.