Abstract: The present invention relates to a light extraction substrate for an organic light emitting element, a method for manufacturing the same, and an organic light emitting element comprising the same and, more particularly, to a light extraction substrate for an organic light emitting element exhibiting a good light extraction efficiency, a method for manufacturing the same, and an organic light emitting element comprising the same. To this end, the present invention provides a light extraction substrate for an organic light emitting element, a method for manufacturing the same, and an organic light emitting element comprising the same, the light extraction substrate comprising a first light extraction layer having a plurality of pores formed therein and made of a first metal oxide doped with a dopant; and a second light extraction layer formed on the first light extraction layer and made of a second metal oxide which has a different atomic diffusion rate compared to the first metal oxide.

Abstract: Provided herein may be a controller and a memory system including the controller. The controller may include a host interface layer, a central process unit, and a buffer memory. The host interface may include a data structure defined by a protocol, and may receive an external request from a host. The central process unit may build the data structure according to the external request or build the data structure in response to an internal request generated during an internal operation. The buffer memory may store the data structure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an inter-prediction method and apparatus using a reference frame generated based on deep learning. In the inter-prediction method and apparatus, a reference frame is selected, and a virtual reference frame is generated based on the selected reference frame. A reference picture list is configured to include the generated virtual reference frame, and inter prediction for a target block is performed based on the virtual reference frame. The virtual reference frame may be generated based on a deep-learning network architecture, and may be generated based on video interpolation and/or video extrapolation that use the selected reference frame.

Abstract: There are provided a memory system and an operating method thereof. The memory system includes: a memory controller for queuing commands received from a host, and sequentially outputting the queued commands; a controller buffer memory for temporarily storing write data corresponding to the commands, and outputting the temporarily stored write data under the control of the memory controller; and a nonvolatile memory device for performing operations in response to the commands output from the memory controller and the write data output from the controller buffer memory, and outputting an operation completion signal to the memory controller when the operations are complete, wherein, when a flush command is received from the host, the memory controller releases the write data temporarily stored in the controller buffer memory.

Abstract: A memory controller includes a flash translation layer configured to output a descriptor including a command and physical information and logical information associated with the command, and a flash interface layer configured to receive the descriptor, individually store the command, the physical information, and the logical information that are included in the descriptor, adjust a queue of the command, and output the command to a memory device according to an adjusted queue of the command.

Abstract: A memory system includes a nonvolatile memory device; In an embodiment, a memory system comprising: a nonvolatile memory device; a working memory configured to store a first layer and a second layer as firmwares, each of which drives the nonvolatile memory device; a control component configured to control the nonvolatile memory device based on the firmwares; a buffer memory configured to store a first table which is managed by the first layer and a second table which is managed by the second layer; and a memory controller configured to store a descriptor for setting information of the nonvolatile memory device, and interface with the nonvolatile memory device based on control of the control component, wherein the second layer stores position information of the descriptor in the second table, and wherein the first layer accesses the memory controller by referring to the second table.

Abstract: There are provided a memory system and an operating method thereof. The memory system includes: a memory device including a plurality of semiconductor memories; and a controller for generating a plurality of command queues respectively corresponding to the plurality of semiconductor memories by queuing a plurality of commands received from a host, and controlling the plurality of semiconductor memories to perform overall operations by outputting the plurality of commands queued in the plurality of command queues, wherein the controller holds a first command queue, among the plurality of command queues, corresponding to a first semiconductor memory, among the plurality of semiconductor memories, in which a program fail has occurred.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for reconstructing a transmitted file with high performance in real time, which select analysis target packets for reconstruction by first checking using hardware whether data file-related information is present in packets transmitted via large-capacity traffic over a broadband network, and which reconstruct a file in real time only from the selected analysis target packets. The file reconstruction apparatus for reconstructing a data file from packets on a network includes a packet monitoring unit for extracting packets on the network, a collected packet selection unit for determining whether, for the extracted packets, each packet is a reconstruction target based on flow information, and selecting a reconstruction target packet, and a file reconstruction unit for performing file reconstruction by extracting data from the reconstruction target packet and by storing the extracted data as data of a reconstructed file in a relevant flow.

Abstract: A controller for controlling a nonvolatile memory device comprising: a read count table including a plurality of read count data, wherein each of the read count data includes a read count value for one data storage region; a read count address table including a read count address indicating an address of a memory region where the read count data is stored; a flash translation layer (FTL) configured to control an operation of the nonvolatile memory device, and manage the read count table and the read count address table; and a flash interface layer (FIL) configured to control data communication between the FTL and the nonvolatile memory device, and update the read count value based on the read count address when read operation is performed on the data storage region.

Abstract: The semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, a page buffer, a cache buffer, and a control logic. The memory cell array includes a plurality of memory blocks. The page buffer senses data of a selected page of the memory cell array. The cache buffer temporarily stores the data sensed by the page buffer. The control logic controls operations of the page buffer and the cache buffer to read data stored in the memory cell array. The control logic controls operations of the page buffer and the cache buffer, based on a cache-normal state of the semiconductor memory device.

Abstract: A data storage device may include: a storage unit; a controller configured to write data to the storage unit or read data from the storage unit; and a plurality of buffer memories. The controller may include a write control unit configured to allocate a buffer memory for temporarily storing data to be written in different manners depending on the kind of data to be written to the storage unit based on a write-related command provided from a host device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a video decoding method and apparatus and a video encoding method and apparatus. A virtual frame is generated by a video generation network including a generation encoder and a generation decoder. The virtual frame is used as a reference frame in inter prediction for a target. Further, a video generation network for inter prediction may be selected from among multiple video generation networks, and inter prediction that uses the selected video generation network may be performed.

Abstract: A data storage apparatus includes a nonvolatile memory device including a plurality of dies configured as a plurality of super blocks and a plurality of flush buffer blocks, an open super block manager configured to manage an index of an allocated open super block and a location into which data is to be written in the allocated open super block, an open flush buffer block manager configured to manage indexes of allocated open flush buffer blocks and locations into which data is to be written in the allocated open flush buffer blocks, and a processor configured to identify a first die in which a normal write operation is being performed and a second die next to the first die using the open super block manager, and select open flush buffer block included in dies other than the first die and the second die using the open flush buffer block manager.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and methods of manufacturing the same are provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate, word lines, a doped junction, bit line structures, and buried contacts. The substrate has active regions. The word lines extend across the active regions. The doped junction has impurities and is arranged at the active regions, and includes first junctions and second junctions, each first junction arranged at a central portion of one of the active regions and each second junction arranged at an end portion of another one of the active regions, a buried semiconductor layer being included in each second junction. The bit line structures contact with a respective one of the first junctions. The buried contacts are arranged in a matrix shape, each contacting with a respective one of the second junctions and the included buried semiconductor layer and simultaneously contacting with a charge storage for storing data.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a bit line structure on a substrate, a spacer structure including a first spacer directly contacting a sidewall of the bit line structure, a second spacer directly contacting a portion of an outer sidewall of the first spacer, the second spacer including air, and a third spacer directly contacting an upper portion of the first spacer and covering an outer sidewall and an upper surface of the second spacer, and a contact plug structure extending in a vertical direction substantially perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate and directly contacting an outer sidewall of the third spacer at least at a height between respective heights of a bottom and a top surface of the second spacer.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a page buffer configured to, store first data and program the first data to a first page, based on a program command for first data transmitted from a controller; a temporary buffer configured to receive and store the first data from the page buffer; a controller interface configured to perform interface with the controller; and a program control circuit configured to control operations of the page buffer and the temporary buffer, wherein the program control circuit controls the temporary buffer to receive and store the first data from the page buffer when a program fail has occurred.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a video decoding method and apparatus and a video encoding method and apparatus. In quantization and dequantization, multiple quantization methods and multiple dequantization methods may be used. The multiple quantization methods include a variable-rate step quantization method and a fixed-rate step quantization method. The variable-rate step quantization method may be a quantization method in which an increment in a quantization step depending on an increase in a value of a quantization parameter by 1 is not fixed. The fixed-rate step quantization method may be a quantization method in which the increment in the quantization step depending on the increase of the value of the quantization parameter by 1 is fixed.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for reproducing a three-dimensional (3D) image. A 3D image reproduction apparatus may include an image selector configured to select a left-eye image and a right-eye image based on a broadcast standard of a broadcast stream, and an image outputter configured to output the 3D image by synthesizing and output the left-eye image and the right-eye image in a 3D image format.

Abstract: A method for providing collaborative interaction between a receiver computing device and a sender computing device is provided. The method includes at the receiver computing device, establishing a local peer-to-peer wireless connection with a sender computing device, receiving from the sender computing device via the local peer-to-peer wireless connection data for a GUI of a remotely executed application program that is executed on the sender computing device, displaying the GUI on a display associated with the receiver computing device, receiving user input from an input device associated with the receiver computing device indicating a user interaction with the GUI, sending the user input to the sender computing device, receiving from the sender computing device data indicating an updated state of the GUI generated by the sender computing device based on the user input, and displaying the updated state of the GUI on the display associated with the receiver computing device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a light extraction substrate for an organic light emitting diode, a light extraction substrate for an organic light emitting diode, and an organic light emitting diode comprising same, and more specifically, to a method for manufacturing a light extraction substrate for an organic light emitting diode, a light extraction substrate for an organic light emitting diode, and an organic light emitting diode comprising same, capable of significantly increasing light extraction efficiency of the organic light emitting diode.