Abstract: Transport networks, network elements, and methods of use are described herein, including a network element comprising serializers, modulators, and antennas. The serializers receive parallel baseband signals and multiplex the parallel baseband signals to generate pairs of serial baseband signals. The modulators receive the serial baseband signals, up-convert the serial baseband signals to generate pairs of intermediate signals, and combine the pairs of intermediate signals into antenna feed signals, each having an in-phase (I) component and a quadrature (Q) component based on the pair of intermediate signals. The antennas receive the antenna feed signals, generate radiated signals based on the antenna feed signals, and couple the radiated signals into hollow waveguides. The radiated signals are radiated electromagnetic waves having a frequency in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz).

Abstract: Systems and methods include a Terahertz (THz) interposer assembly comprising a THz interposer and a plurality of THz waveguides. The THz interposer defines a plurality of first ports and a plurality of second ports. Each of the plurality of THz waveguides is disposed within the THz interposer. Each of the plurality of THz waveguides extends between a respective one of the plurality of first ports and a respective one of the plurality of second ports. Each of the plurality of THz waveguides is configured to propagate, between the respective one of the plurality of first ports and the respective one of the plurality of second ports, one or more THz signals having a frequency in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 THz with a propagation loss in a range between 0.001 decibels (dB) per centimeter (cm) and 1.0 dB per cm.

Abstract: Transmitters, receivers, transceivers, transceiver arrays, and methods of use are described herein, including a transmitter comprising a carrier substrate comprising conductive pads, a client-side input comprising conductive traces disposed on the carrier substrate and operable to receive baseband signals and provide the baseband signals to the conductive pads, an interposer substrate abutting the carrier substrate and defining vias extending through the interposer substrate, a baseband transmitter circuit disposed on the interposer substrate and operable to receive the baseband signals from the conductive pads via the vias and generate intermediate signals, an up-conversion circuit operable to receive the intermediate signals from the baseband transmitter circuit and generate antenna feed signals having a frequency in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz), and one or more antenna interfaces disposed on the interposer substrate and operable to receive the antenna feed signals and provide

Abstract: Transmitters, receivers, transceivers, transport networks, and methods of use are described herein, including a transmitter comprising a client-side input, transmitter circuitry, and antennas. The client-side input receives baseband signals having client data encoded therein. The transmitter circuitry receives the baseband signals from the client-side input and generates antenna feed signals based on the baseband signals. The antennas receive the antenna feed signals from the transmitter circuitry, generate radiated signals based on the antenna feed signals, and couple the radiated signals into hollow waveguides. The radiated signals are radiated electromagnetic waves configured for coherent detection and having one or more frequencies in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz). The antennas include one of a helical antenna, a waveguide probe antenna, a tapered antenna, a patch antenna, and a slot antenna.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein, including a method, comprising: (a) receiving, with a differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) encoder of a radio frequency (RF) transmitter, an input digital bitstream encoded in reflected binary code (RBC) and comprising first symbols; (b) receiving a first symbol of the first symbols; (c) storing the first symbol in the memory as a previous symbol; (d) receiving a second symbol of the first symbols as a current symbol; (e) converting the current symbol and the previous symbol into natural binary code (NBC); (f) adding the current symbol and the previous symbol to produce a particular second symbol; (g) converting the particular second symbol into RBC; (h) storing the current symbol in the memory as the previous symbol; and (i) repeating steps (d)-(h) for each of the first symbols to produce a DQPSK-encoded digital bitstream having the second symbols encoded in RBC.

Abstract: Network elements and methods of use, including a transmitter comprising a client-side input, signal and clock conditioning blocks, a modulation block, and antennas. The client-side input receives baseband signals having client data. The signal conditioning block adjusts signal characteristics of the baseband signals to generate intermediate signals. The clock conditioning block receives a first clock signal having a first clock frequency and adjusts signal characteristics of the first clock signal to generate a second clock signal having a harmonic frequency of the first clock frequency. The modulation block modulates the intermediate signals onto the second clock signal to generate antenna feed signals. The antennas generate radiated signals based on the antenna feed signals and couple the radiated signals into hollow waveguides.

Abstract: Transport networks, network elements, and methods of use are described herein, including a transmitter comprising a client-side input, transmitter circuitry, and antennas. The client-side input is configured to receive baseband signals having client data encoded therein. The transmitter circuitry is configured to receive the baseband signals from the client-side input and generate antenna feed signals based on the baseband signals. The antennas are configured to receive the antenna feed signals from the transmitter circuitry, generate radiated signals based on the antenna feed signals, and couple the radiated signals into a hollow waveguide. Each of the radiated signals is a radiated electromagnetic wave configured for coherent detection and has a frequency in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz).

Abstract: Systems and methods include a twinaxial waveguide, comprising a sidewall, first and second supports, and first and second conductors. The sidewall has first and second sides, first and second ends, a longitudinal axis extending between the first and second ends, and outer and inner surfaces. The inner surface surrounds a waveguide core extending between the first and second ends. The first support extends between the first and second ends on the first side. The second support extends between the first and second ends on the second side. The first conductor extends along the longitudinal axis between the first and second ends of the sidewall and is supported by the first support. The second conductor extends along the longitudinal axis between the first and second ends of the sidewall and is supported by the second support. The waveguide core extends between the first and second conductors.

Abstract: Network elements and methods of use are described herein, including a network element comprising a passive waveguide, one or more modulator, and one or more RF antenna. The one or more modulator is configured to generate first and second channel signals. The first channel signal has first data encoded in a first modulation format. The second channel signal has second data encoded in a second modulation format. The first and second channel signals have first and second carrier frequencies, respectively. The first and second carrier frequencies are in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz). The one or more RF antenna is configured to receive the first and second channel signals and transmit the first and second channel signals into the passive waveguide with first and second polarizations, respectively. The first polarization is different from the second polarization.

Abstract: Transport networks, network elements, and methods of use are described herein, including a transmitter comprising a client-side input, transmitter circuitry, and antennas. The client-side input is configured to receive baseband signals having client data encoded therein. The transmitter circuitry is configured to receive the baseband signals from the client-side input and generate antenna feed signals based on the baseband signals. The antennas are configured to receive the antenna feed signals from the transmitter circuitry, generate radiated signals based on the antenna feed signals, and couple the radiated signals into a hollow waveguide. Each of the radiated signals is a radiated electromagnetic wave configured for coherent detection and has a frequency in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz).

Abstract: An assembly and method of use are herein disclosed. The method comprises coupling an antenna and an electromagnetic wave via a passive waveguide having a cross-section dimension, the passive waveguide carrying the electromagnetic wave having a carrier frequency in a range of 500 GHz to 10 THz, the electromagnetic wave having a wavelength, the cross-section dimension of the passive waveguide in a range of at least 4 wavelengths to 50 wavelengths; and positioning an electromagnetic absorber around the antenna.

Abstract: Network elements and methods of use are described herein, including a network element comprising one or more demodulator and one or more modulator. The one or more demodulator is configured to receive first and second input signals and extract first phase and amplitude signals from the first input signal and second phase and amplitude signals from the second input signal. The first input signal has first input data. The second input signal has second input data. The first and second input data are encoded in a first modulation format. The one or more modulator is configured to modulate the first phase signal, the first amplitude signal, the second phase signal, and the second amplitude signal onto an output signal such that the output signal is encoded in a second modulation format. The output signal has a carrier frequency in a range between 500 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz).

Abstract: Transport networks, network elements, and transceivers are described herein, including an input interface configured to receive an input digital bitstream; circuitry configured to generate a transmission signal based on the input digital bitstream, wherein the transmission signal is a radio frequency (RF) signal having a frequency in a Terahertz (THz) frequency band; and a bifilar helix antenna configured to transmit the transmission signal.

Abstract: Network elements and methods of use are described herein, including a network element comprising a transmitter and an antenna array. The transmitter includes circuitry configured to generate a first channel signal and a second channel signal. The first channel signal and the second channel signal have input data encoded with a modulation format and a carrier frequency in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz). The antenna array comprises a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna receives the first channel signal and transmits a first wireless signal, inducing a left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) into the first wireless signal. The second antenna receives the second channel signal and transmits a second wireless signal, inducing a right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) into the second wireless signal. The first wireless signal and the second wireless signal interact to form a linearly polarized wireless signal.

Abstract: An assembly and method of use are herein disclosed. The assembly comprises a passive guide, an antenna, and an electromagnetic absorber. The passive waveguide has a cross-section dimension, and carries an electromagnetic wave having data encoded within a carrier frequency in a range of 500 GHz to 10 THz wherein the electromagnetic wave having a wavelength. The cross-section dimension of the passive waveguide is in a range of at least 4 wavelengths to 50 wavelengths of the electromagnetic wave. The antenna receives energy from the electromagnetic wave carried by the passive waveguide. And, the electromagnetic absorber is disposed around the antenna so as to avoid interference between the electromagnetic wave and the antenna.

Abstract: A microwave helix antenna with a coaxial interface having controlled transmission properties is disclosed. In one aspect, dielectric beads surround a center conductor and are varied in number, thickness and spacing to achieve desired transmission properties.

Abstract: Transport networks, network elements, and methods of use are described herein, including a transmitter comprising a client-side input, transmitter circuitry, and antennas. The client-side input is configured to receive baseband signals having client data encoded therein. The transmitter circuitry is configured to receive the baseband signals from the client-side input and generate antenna feed signals based on the baseband signals. The antennas are configured to receive the antenna feed signals from the transmitter circuitry, generate radiated signals based on the antenna feed signals, and couple the radiated signals into a hollow waveguide. Each of the radiated signals is a radiated electromagnetic wave configured for coherent detection and has a frequency in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz).

Abstract: Transport networks, network elements, and methods of use are described herein, including a transmitter comprising a client-side input, transmitter circuitry, and antennas. The client-side input is configured to receive baseband signals having client data encoded therein. The transmitter circuitry is configured to receive the baseband signals from the client-side input and generate antenna feed signals based on the baseband signals. The antennas are configured to receive the antenna feed signals from the transmitter circuitry, generate radiated signals based on the antenna feed signals, and couple the radiated signals into a hollow waveguide. Each of the radiated signals is a radiated electromagnetic wave configured for coherent detection and has a frequency in a range between 300 Gigahertz (GHz) and 10 Terahertz (THz).

Abstract: A compact millimeter-wave surface mount helix antenna for high-speed data transport over low-cost plastic fiber is described. Guided millimeter-wave technology enables gigabit transport in the centimeter to meters range, complementing current transport technologies based on optical fibers, coaxial flyover assemblies, and PCB traces. To maintain signal integrity requires an efficient launch of millimeter-waves into the plastic fiber, with low loss and minimum signal impairment. A compact helix antenna provides efficient coupling and wide bandwidth, enabling meter-range copper-grade gigabit transport.

Abstract: A data transfer method for autonomous vehicles includes autonomously positioning a vehicle to achieve an alignment condition in which a vehicle-mounted directional antenna coupled to a vehicle radio is aligned with a curbside antenna coupled to a curbside radio. A peer-tip-peer radio link is established between the vehicle radio and the curbside radio, and data is transferred from the vehicle radio to the curbside radio using the peer-to-peer radio link. The peer-to-peer radio link may be a millimeter-wave radio link. Data is transferred at high speed, for example at least tens of gigabits per second or even hundreds of gigabits per second. The vehicle may be an electric vehicle, and electric charging of the vehicle may be performed while transferring the data. In one embodiment, the vehicle is configured to proceed to a recharging location when a given low state of charge is reached.