Abstract: Disclosed is an LCD device which facilitates to improve transmittance for each colored light by a design capable of realizing an optimal cell gap for each of sub-pixels, and a method for manufacturing the same. The LCD device comprises first and second substrates confronting each other; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; and first, second, and third sub-pixels, wherein a cell gap of the first sub-pixel is larger than a cell gap of the third sub-pixel.

Abstract: An underwater communication apparatus for performing an optical communication with an external device under water includes: a current control unit that modulates first data to be transmitted to the external device into a first current; and a light transmitting unit that transmits light with a wavelength of 450 to 500 nm corresponding to the first current to the external device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates facing each other, wherein a pixel region is defined on the first and second substrates, first and second grooves formed on an inner surface of the first substrate, a gate line formed in the first groove along a direction, a common line formed in the second groove and parallel to the gate line, a data line crossing the gate line to define the pixel region, a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line, and a light-shielding pattern of a black inorganic material and around the gate line, the data line and the common line.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device having the horizontal electric fields over the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes which are disposed on the same level plane, and a method for manufacturing the same. The horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device comprising: a substrate; a gate line and a data line crossing each other with a gate insulating layer therebetween, and defining a pixel area on the substrate; a thin film transistor formed where the gate line and the data line is crossing; a pixel electrode contacting the thin film transistor on the gate insulating layer; a common electrode disposed in parallel with the pixel electrode having a predetermined distance; and a passivation layer covering whole surface of the substrate including the pixel electrode and the common electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is an LCD device which facilitates to improve transmittance for each colored light by a design capable of realizing an optimal cell gap for each of sub-pixels, and a method for manufacturing the same. The LCD device comprises first and second substrates confronting each other; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; and first, second, and third sub-pixels, wherein a cell gap of the first sub-pixel is larger than a cell gap of the third sub-pixel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display and a fabricating method thereof are provided. The liquid crystal display includes a first substrate having a pixel portion and a pad portion; a gate line and a data line crossing each other to define the pixel portion at the pixel portion; a transistor adjacent to a crossing of the gate line and the data line, the transistor including a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode; an insulating layer above the source electrode and the drain electrode, the insulating layer exposing a lateral side of the drain electrode; a pixel electrode in contact with the lateral side of the drain electrode; a second substrate attached to the first substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and a second substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The liquid crystal display device includes: a substrate; gate and data lines arranged to cross each other on the substrate and to define a pixel region; a switching element disposed at an intersection of the gate and data lines; and pixel electrodes and common electrodes arranged alternately with each other and parallel to the data line, within the pixel region. The pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed to have a stacked layer structure of a transparent conductive material layer and an opaque metal layer, each having a line-width of 3.5 ?m or less. Such a liquid crystal display device can enhance the transmittance of a pixel region with preventing the chuck stain by forming electrodes in a double layer structure with a transparent conductive material layer and an opaque metal layer.

Abstract: An array substrate for a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device includes a gate line on a substrate, a data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel region, a thin film transistor electrically connected to the gate and data lines, a pixel electrode in the pixel region and connected to a drain electrode of the thin film transistor, the pixel electrode including two parts and an opening portion therebetween, a first common electrode in the opening portion, the first common electrode disposed on a same layer as the pixel electrode, a passivation layer on the pixel electrode and the first common electrode, the passivation layer having a common contact hole exposing the first common electrode, and a second common electrode on the passivation layer and connected to the first common electrode through the common contact hole, the second common electrode including first openings corresponding to the pixel electrode and a second opening corresponding to the opening portion.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a liquid crystal display includes: forming a gate electrode on a substrate; sequentially providing an insulation layer, a semiconductor layer and an etch stopper layer on the gate electrode; patterning the etch stopper layer and the semiconductor layer to form an etch stopper layer pattern and a semiconductor layer pattern; removing both side portions of the etch stopper layer pattern to expose the lower semiconductor layer pattern portion; forming a conductive layer on an entire surface of the substrate; patterning the conductive layer to form source and drain electrodes and defining a channel region; forming a passivation layer having a contact part on the entire surface of the substrate; and forming a pixel electrode connected with the drain electrode via the contact part on the passivation layer. An etch stopper can be used without additionally performing a masking process.

Abstract: An array substrate for a transflective liquid crystal display device includes: a substrate; a gate line and a data line on the substrate, the gate line and the data line crossing each other to define a pixel region including a transmissive area and a reflective area surrounding the transmissive area; a thin film transistor having a gate insulating layer, the thin film transistor electrically connected to the gate line and the data line; a first passivation layer having a drain contact hole exposing a drain electrode of the thin film transistor and a through hole exposing the substrate in the transmissive area; a pixel electrode on the first passivation layer, the pixel electrode contacting the substrate in the transmissive area through the through hole; and a reflective plate on the pixel electrode, the reflective plate being electrically connected to the drain electrode through the drain contact hole and to the pixel electrode.

Abstract: An array substrate for a transflective liquid crystal display device includes: a substrate; a gate line and a data line on the substrate, the gate line and the data line crossing each other to define a pixel region including a transmissive area and a reflective area surrounding the transmissive area; a thin film transistor having a gate insulating layer, the thin film transistor electrically connected to the gate line and the data line; a first passivation layer having a drain contact hole exposing a drain electrode of the thin film transistor and a through hole exposing the substrate in the transmissive area; a pixel electrode on the first passivation layer, the pixel electrode contacting the substrate in the transmissive area through the through hole; and a reflective plate on the pixel electrode, the reflective plate being electrically connected to the drain electrode through the drain contact hole and to the pixel electrode.

Abstract: A film sheet for area-focusing of sunlight and a greenhouse provided with the same are provided. A film sheet includes i) a film having a rectangular shape, and ii) a plurality of prism assemblies formed on one surface of the film to extend in one direction. At least one prism assembly of the plurality of prism assemblies includes i) at least one first prism unit including a plurality of first prisms with slanted angles that are substantially the same as each other, and ii) at least one second prism unit neighboring the first prism unit and including a plurality of second prisms with slanted angles that are substantially the same as each other. The width of the first prism unit is substantially the same as the width of the second prism unit and a slanted angle of one first prism among the plurality of first prisms is different from a slanted angle of one second prism among the plurality of second prisms, and light entering the prism assembly is configured to be area-focused.

Abstract: An LCD device includes plurality of gate lines and data lines crossing each other to define pixel regions on a substrate. A thin film transistor (TFT) resides at a crossing portion of the gate lines and the data lines and a pixel electrode is electrically connected with the TFT. The TFT includes a gate electrode, a gate insulation layer on the gate electrode and a semiconductor layer on the gate insulation layer. A portion of the data line and the semiconductor layer form a composite layer between adjacent pixel electrodes in which a line width of data line is the same as a line width of semiconductor layer. A method of fabricating the LCD device includes etching a passivation layer using a mask pattern and etching the semiconductor layer using the mask pattern and a portion of the data line as an etch mask to form the composite layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates a method for forming a pattern includes the steps of forming a thin film on a substrate, coating a photoresist film on the thin film, aligning a mask over the photoresist film, the mask formed on a base material, including a light shielding portion having a linear supporting portion and an uneven portion at a boundary of the supporting portion, and a transmission portion defined at regions excluding the light shielding portion, exposing the photoresist film with the mask thereon to a UV beam of a wavelength greater than 300nm to cause refraction in the vicinity of the uneven portion, and developing the photoresist film exposed thus to form a photoresist film pattern, and patterning the thin film by using the photoresist film pattern thus formed.

Abstract: An array substrate for a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device includes a gate line on a substrate, a data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel region, a thin film transistor electrically connected to the gate and data lines, a pixel electrode in the pixel region and connected to the drain electrode, the pixel electrode including two parts and an opening portion therebetween, a first common electrode in the opening portion, the first common electrode disposed on a same layer as the pixel electrode, a passivation layer on the pixel electrode and the first common electrode, the passivation layer having a common contact hole exposing the first common electrode, and a second common electrode on the passivation layer and connected to the first common electrode though the common contact hole, the second common electrode including first openings corresponding to the pixel electrode and a second opening corresponding to the opening portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure is a method for forming a thin film pattern to form a micron-pattern and a flat display device having the same. The method for forming a thin film pattern includes the steps of forming first to third thin film layers on a substrate in succession, forming a first photoresist pattern on the third thin film layer, patterning the second and third thin film layers using the first photoresist pattern as a mask to form first and second thin film mask pattern having line widths different from each other, forming a second photoresist pattern at a region where the first and second thin film mask patterns do not overlap positioned between the first thin film layer and the second thin film mask pattern, removing the first and second thin film mask patterns, and patterning the first thin film layer using the second photoresist pattern as a mask.

Abstract: Disclosed is an LCD device which facilitates to improve transmittance for each colored light by a design capable of realizing an optimal cell gap for each of sub-pixels, and a method for manufacturing the same. The LCD device comprises first and second substrates confronting each other; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; and first, second, and third sub-pixels, wherein a cell gap of the first sub-pixel is larger than a cell gap of the third sub-pixel.

Abstract: An LCD device includes plurality of gate lines and data lines crossing each other to define pixel regions on a substrate. A thin film transistor (TFT) resides at a crossing portion of the gate lines and the data lines and a pixel electrode is electrically connected with the TFT. The TFT includes a gate electrode, a gate insulation layer on the gate electrode and a semiconductor layer on the gate insulation layer. A portion of the data line and the semiconductor layer form a composite layer between adjacent pixel electrodes in which a line width of data line is the same as a line width of semiconductor layer. A method of fabricating the LCD device includes etching a passivation layer using a mask pattern and etching the semiconductor layer using the mask pattern and a portion of the data line as an etch mask to form the composite layer.

Abstract: An LCD device and a method for manufacturing the same is disclosed, in which it is possible to correct a problem of insufficient or excessive supply of liquid crystal in an LCD device by controlling an amount of liquid crystal. The method includes preparing a liquid crystal cell comprised of a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, and a first sealant formed in the periphery of the liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; measuring an amount of liquid crystal provided to the inside of liquid crystal cell; forming an inlet for liquid crystal in the first sealant; and regulating the amount of liquid crystal by supplying or discharging the liquid crystal through the inlet; and sealing the inlet.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device having the horizontal electric fields over the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes which are disposed on the same level plane, and a method for manufacturing the same. The horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device comprising: a substrate; a gate line and a data line crossing each other with a gate insulating layer therebetween, and defining a pixel area on the substrate; a thin film transistor formed where the gate line and the data line is crossing; a pixel electrode contacting the thin film transistor on the gate insulating layer; a common electrode disposed in parallel with the pixel electrode having a predetermined distance; and a passivation layer covering whole surface of the substrate including the pixel electrode and the common electrode.