Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode assembly, a battery, and a battery pack and a vehicle including the same. In the electrode assembly, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween are wound based on an axis to define a core and an outer circumference. The first electrode includes an uncoated portion at a long side end thereof and exposed out of the separator along a winding axis direction of the electrode assembly. A part of the uncoated portion is bent in a radial direction of the electrode assembly to form a bending surface region that includes overlapping layers of the uncoated portion, and in a partial region of the bending surface region, the number of stacked layers of the uncoated portion is 10 or more in the winding axis direction of the electrode assembly.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a time-division multiplexing (TDM)-based multi-channel electrocardiogram measurement apparatus and method, which remove the influence of power line interference in a way to implement multiple channels by using a TDM method, remove an electrode DC offset (EDO) through a pre-charged capacitor, and periodically take a current out or supply a current. The TDM-based multi-channel electrocardiogram measurement apparatus and method robust against power line interference according to the present disclosure have advantages in that it can measure electrocardiogram by using multiple channels with low power and high integration based on TDM, can perform contactless measurement because an EDO is efficiently eliminated and high impedance is satisfied, and has a characteristic robust against power line interference.

Abstract: A sterilization module including a light source configured to irradiate ultraviolet light, a board on which the light source is mounted, a protective tube accommodating the board therein and configured to transmit ultraviolet light irradiated from the light source, a first base coupled to one side of the protective tube, and a second base coupled to the other side of the protective tube, in which at least one of the first base and the second base includes an insertion part to be inserted into the protective tube, the insertion part having a first diameter when viewed in a first cross-section perpendicular to a length direction of the protective tube, and a cover part integrally formed on the insertion part and having a second diameter greater than the first diameter in the first cross-section.

Abstract: The disclosed technology generally relates to forming a titanium nitride layer, and more particularly to forming by atomic layer deposition a titanium nitride layer on a seed layer. In one aspect, a semiconductor structure comprises a semiconductor substrate comprising a non-metallic surface. The semiconductor structure additionally comprises a seed layer comprising silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) conformally coating the non-metallic surface and a TiN layer conformally coating the seed layer. Aspects are also directed to methods of forming the semiconductor structures.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes: a first stack structure and a second stack structure on a semiconductor substrate; a first vertical structure having a side all in contact with the first stack structure, the first vertical structure including a first memory layer and a first channel pattern; a second vertical structure having a sidewall in contact with the second stack structure, the second vertical structure including a second memory layer and a second channel pattern; a first bit line contact structure on the first vertical structure; and a first bit line overlapping with the first bit line contact structure. Each of the first stack structure and the second stack structure includes conductive layers stacked on the semiconductor substrate to be spaced apart from each other. The first bit line contact structure has a shape which is widened toward the first bit line.

Abstract: Provided is a batch-type substrate processing apparatus. The substrate processing apparatus includes a vertical reaction tube having an internal space for receiving a substrate boat in which a substrate is stacked in multiple stages, a deposition gas supply unit configured to supply a deposition gas inside the reaction tube, a heater disposed outside the reaction tube to provide a thermal energy inside the reaction tube, and an adhesion layer coated on an inner wall of the reaction tube and to which a deposition by-product layer by an excess deposition gas is attached.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for protecting or mitigating radiation against radiation-induced damage, comprising a compound of Formula 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. Further, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating pulmonary fibrosis, comprising a compound of Formula 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.

Abstract: The disclosed technology generally relates to forming a titanium nitride layer, and more particularly to forming by atomic layer deposition a titanium nitride layer on a seed layer. In one aspect, a semiconductor structure comprises a semiconductor substrate comprising a non-metallic surface. The semiconductor structure additionally comprises a seed layer comprising silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) conformally coating the non-metallic surface and a TiN layer conformally coating the seed layer. Aspects are also directed to methods of forming the semiconductor structures.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a first capacitor and a second capacitor. The first capacitor may include a first lower electrode, a first upper electrode and a first dielectric layer disposed between the first lower electrode and the first upper electrode at a first height. The second capacitor may be positioned spaced apart from the first capacitor. The second capacitor may include a second lower electrode, a second upper electrode and a second dielectric layer disposed between the second lower electrode and the second upper electrode at a second height different from the first height.

Abstract: In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a substrate processing apparatus includes: a tube assembly having an inner space in which substrates are processed and assembled by laminating a plurality of laminates, each of which includes an injection part and an exhaust hole; a substrate holder configured to support the plurality of substrates in a multistage manner in the inner space; a supply line connected to one injection part of the plurality of laminates to supply a process gas; and an exhaust line connected to one of a plurality of exhaust holes to exhaust the process gas, and the substrate processing apparatus that has a simple structure and induces a laminar flow of the process gas to uniformly supply the process gas to a top surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A bias circuit includes a current generating circuit generating an internal base current based on a reference current, a bias output circuit generating a base bias current based on the internal base current and outputting the base bias current to an amplifying circuit, and a temperature compensation circuit regulating the base bias current based on a temperature voltage reflecting a change in ambient temperature.

Abstract: The present inventive concept relates to a method for removing impurities in thin film and a substrate processing apparatus. The method for removing impurities in a thin film includes the steps of: providing a substrate having a thin film formed thereon in a process chamber; supplying a first gas reacting and coupling with impurities contained in the thin film, into the process chamber; exhausting a coupled product of the impurities and the first gas by depressurizing an interior of the process chamber after stopping the supply of the first gas; curing the thin film by supplying a second gas being different from the first gas into the process chamber; and stopping the supply of the second gas and exhausting the remaining second gas from the interior of the process chamber.

Abstract: An amplifying device includes a current generating circuit, a bias amplifying circuit, and a compensation circuit. The current generating circuit is configured to generate an internal current based on an internal voltage. The bias amplifying circuit, connected to the current generating circuit, is configured to output a bias current generated by amplifying the internal current to a power amplifying circuit. The compensation circuit, connected to the current generating circuit, is configured to adjust the internal voltage based on a bias voltage of the power amplifying circuit.

Abstract: The disclosed technology generally relates to forming a titanium nitride layer, and more particularly to forming by atomic layer deposition a titanium nitride layer on a seed layer. In one aspect, a semiconductor structure comprises a semiconductor substrate comprising a non-metallic surface. The semiconductor structure additionally comprises a seed layer comprising silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) conformally coating the non-metallic surface and a TiN layer conformally coating the seed layer. Aspects are also directed to methods of forming the semiconductor structures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thin film deposition apparatus and a thin film deposition method in which the resistivity of a thin film is decreased by reducing the content of impurities inside a thin film. The thin film deposition apparatus may include a process chamber configured to perform a deposition process for causing a first metal and a reactant source to react, to form a thin film on a substrate; a source gas nozzle part configured to supply, into the process chamber, a source gas including the first metal and a ligand; a pretreatment gas nozzle part configured to supply, into the process chamber, a pretreatment gas including a second metal reactable with the ligand; and a reaction gas nozzle part configured to supply, into the process chamber, a reaction gas comprising the reactant source.

Abstract: A bias circuit includes a current generating circuit generating a first compensation current and a second compensation current, in which an ambient temperature change is reflected, based on a reference current, a first temperature compensation circuit generating a first base bias current, based on the first compensation current, to output the first base bias current to a base node of an amplifying circuit, and a second temperature compensation circuit generating a second base bias current, based on the second compensation current, to output the second base bias current to the base node of the amplifying circuit.

Abstract: An amplifying device includes a current generating circuit, a bias amplifying circuit, and a compensation circuit. The current generating circuit is configured to generate an internal current based on an internal voltage. The bias amplifying circuit, connected to the current generating circuit, is configured to output a bias current generated by amplifying the internal current to a power amplifying circuit. The compensation circuit, connected to the current generating circuit, is configured to adjust the internal voltage based on a bias voltage of the power amplifying circuit.

Abstract: A power amplifying apparatus includes a first bias circuit configured to generate a first bias current by adding a boost current to a base bias current generated from a reference current, a first amplification circuit configured to receive the first bias current and amplify a signal input through an input terminal of the first amplification unit to output a first amplified signal, and a bias boosting circuit configured to generate the boost current, based on a magnitude of a harmonic component in the amplified signal output from the first amplification circuit.

Abstract: A multistage power amplifier includes a first amplification circuit disposed in a front stage of the multistage power amplifier, a first bias circuit configured to output a first bias current, a bias path circuit, an envelope detection circuit, and an alternating current (AC) path circuit. The envelope detection circuit is configured to output a direct current (DC) detection voltage based on an envelope signal of a radio frequency (RF) signal input to the first amplification circuit. The AC path circuit is configured to branch an AC signal from an input terminal of the first amplification circuit and transfer the AC signal to the first bias circuit, upon the first amplification circuit operating in a high power driving region based on the DC detection voltage. The first bias circuit is configured to compensate for the first bias current based on the AC signal transferred through the AC path circuit.

Abstract: Provided is a batch-type substrate processing apparatus. The substrate processing apparatus includes a vertical reaction tube having an internal space for receiving a substrate boat in which a substrate is stacked in multiple stages, a deposition gas supply unit configured to supply a deposition gas inside the reaction tube, a heater disposed outside the reaction tube to provide a thermal energy inside the reaction tube, and an adhesion layer coated on an inner wall of the reaction tube and to which a deposition by-product layer by an excess deposition gas is attached.