Abstract: A voltage-controlled oscillator has ring oscillators R1, R2 and R3 which have three amplifier elements A1-A3, A4-A6 and A7-A9 respectively which are connected in the form of a ring. The way of connecting with the respective amplifier elements A10 to A18 is as follows: First, optionally selecting two output terminals from the 3.times.3 amplifier elements which form three ring oscillators, wherein the two output terminals are not selected from the input and output terminals of one amplifier element, and wherein the two output terminals are not selected from the output terminals belonging to the same ring oscillator. Next, connecting the input and output terminals of one of the amplifier elements A10 to A18 to the optionally selected two output terminals. Then repeating the above procedures one or more times to form a network between the ring oscillators R1 to R3. C1 to C9 are nodes for the connections.

Abstract: An integrated digital circuit includes an oscillation circuit comprising basic gate circuits having the number of stages proportional to the number of gates existing in the critical path of a synchronized circuit network and capable of controlling an oscillating frequency by at least one control signal line. A synchronized circuit network constructed with basic gate circuits capable of controlling the delay time by at least one control signal line operates synchronously by an oscillation signal transfer line. A control circuit controls the oscillation circuit and the synchronized circuit network using the control signal line so that the frequency of signal input from an externally input signal line is equalized with the frequency of signal from the oscillation circuit.

Abstract: The voltage-controlled oscillator according to the invention has a plurality of first amplifier elements 100 and a plurality of phase correctors 101. Each of the first amplifier element 100 is provided with a pair of input signal lines, a pair of output signal lines and one or more control signal line 104 and can function as a differential amplifier and control the delay time for which a differential signal is transmitted from the pair of input signal lines to the pair of output signal lines by the control signal of the control signal line 104.

Abstract: A drive circuit includes first and second circuit sections. The first circuit section maintains, during an initial stage of a transient period of an input signal, its output level before the signal transition and supplies after the transient period an output signal responsive to the signal transition. The second circuit section has a first circuit portion receiving the input signal and a second circuit portion, responsive to the input signal, and the output of the first circuit section, to accelerate the signal transition of the first circuit portion. Signal delay in a signal transition due to a large parasitic capacitance and resistance can be recovered by the drive circuit. The drive circuit has a large noise margin and operates at a high-speed and in a wide frequency range.

Abstract: A horizontal synchronizing signal is counted by a binary counter. A first switch is switched in response to the count value, whereby signal data is classified. A sampling clock signal is counted by a binary counter. An output of the first switch is switched by second and third switches in response to the count value, whereby the data input rate of signal data is reduced. Each classified signal is subjected to filtering by a two-dimensional FIR digital filter.

Abstract: The present invention is suitable for examination of the rotating state of a Polygonal mirror motor in an image forming apparatus. It is judged whether or not the rotational speed of the motor is a target speed until a first time period has elapsed since the supply of power to the motor for rotating a Polygonal mirror was started every other second time period sufficiently shorter than the first time period and continuously checked over a third time period which is sufficiently shorter than the second time period. If it is judged that the rotational speed of the motor is the target speed continuously for the third time period, it is judged again whether or not the rotational speed of the motor is the target speed after an elapse of a fourth time period since the judgment. If the rotational speed of the motor is the target speed, the motor outputs a signal indicating that the motor is stabilized at the target speed.

Abstract: In one of aspects of the invention, an automatic sheet conveying mechanism comprises upper and lower casings mutually coupling sheet conveying paths in a releasable state, and a sheet guide plate for partitioning the sheet conveying paths together with the lower casing, guiding the lower surface of the sheet being conveyed, and defining the projecting extent of the functional parts supported by the lower casing into the sheet conveying path, in which the sheet guide plate is formed integrally with the lower casing.

Abstract: A signal input in a raster scan format is entered into one-dimensional digital filters. An output of the one-dimensional digital filter is multiplied in a multiplier. Outputs of one-dimensional digital filters are provided to delay circuits to generate a time delay in a direction perpendicular to the raster scan direction. The output of the multiplier and the outputs of the delay circuits are added by adders. A one-dimensional digital filter of the vertical direction is decomposed in a manner more simple than in the horizontal direction to reduce delay time between input and output.

Abstract: A bin cap for mushroom culture bins for cultivating mushrooms such as shiitake (Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing.), Lyophyllum shimeji (Kawam.) Hongo, and the like which includes a housing part 2 including a space S internally for ventilation and having windows 2w for ventilation with a broader open area than the open area of bin mouth Bo, breathable filter part 3 blocking window 2w, and fitting part 4 being installed at the under surface 2d of housing part 2 and being attached to or detached from bin mouth Bo. Thereby, the ventilation is secured and the exhaust of carbon dioxide is promoted.

Abstract: A bin for mushroom culture for cultivating mushrooms such as shiitake that comprises upper half bin 2 and lower half bin 3 so arranged as to be able to elongate and contract by sliding upward and downward when fitted. Fitting part C of upper half bin 2 and lower half bin 3 is so arranged as to form a ventilating route F connecting the inside and outside at an elongated position P2 compared with the most contracted position P1. Thereby, ventilation is performed through ventilating route F and carbon dioxide, which is heavier than air, is exhausted.

Abstract: A conveying roller conveying a paper has a stepped structure with the diameter of portion positioned at the middle in the axial direction of the conveying roller slightly larger than that on opposite sides or ends of the conveying roller. The center in the axial direction of such middle portion almost coincides with the center in the axial direction of a paper-supplying roller positioned upstream of the conveying roller. The promotion of the inclined conveyance of paper resulting from inclined supplying to the conveying roller is prevented, particularly in the case of a one-end standard paper-supplying mode wherein one side end in the direction of the width of paper is regulated by a paper-supplying guide. The middle roller portion is displaced axially toward the side of the paper-supplying guide. The forces of two springs for urging an image-read out device toward the conveying roller to be almost equal to each other.

Abstract: A paper feeding device for a paper cassette of an image processing apparatus. The paper cassette is mounted at a specific position or the image processing apparatus in a manner permitting the cassette to be pulled out. A preliminary feed roller feeds the paper on the paper cassette toward a feed roller which is normally energized in a paper pressing direction. When the paper cassette is mounted in the image processing apparatus, the document setting board disposed in the paper cassette is upwardly turned by a pressing mechanism. When the paper cassette is pulled out, the feed roller from the paper cassette is turned in reverse direction. A feed channel to guide the paper from the paper cassette is formed in a curved manner, and a normally turned delivery roller is provided inside the curved channel.

Abstract: A multi-color developing device for an image forming apparatus having: a first developing unit retractable with respect to a photosensitive drum; a second developing unit adjacent to the first developing unit and retractable with respect to the photosensitive drum; a cam mechanism for bringing either one of the first or second developing units to a position remote from the photosensitive drum when the other one, either the first or second developing units is positioned adjacent to the photosensitive drum; a pair of driving gears provided between the first and second developing units for receiving power to drive the respective developing units; a first joint gear which engages one of the driving gears to transmit power to the first developing unit; a second joint gear which engages the other one of the driving gears to transmit power to the second developing unit; a first joint member which rotatably supports the first joint gear and which moves the first joint gear to the position to engage with or disengage

Abstract: A paper feeding device for a paper cassette of an image processing apparatus. The paper cassette is mounted at a specific position on the image processing apparatus in a manner permitting the cassette to be pulled out. A preliminary feed roller feeds the paper on the paper cassette toward a feed roller which is normally energized in a paper pressing direction. When the paper cassette is mounted in the image processing apparatus, the document setting board disposed in the paper cassette is upwardly turned by a pressing mechanism. When the paper cassette is pulled out, the feed roller from the paper cassette is turned in reversed direction. A feed channel to guide the paper from the paper cassette is formed in a curved manner, and a normally turned delivery roller is provided inside the curved channel.

Abstract: An automatic original feeding and discharging unit comprising a feeding roller which contacts to an original fed on an original table of a copying machine and transfers said original in a prescribed direction, a discharge roller which contacts to the original on the original table and transfers said original in a direction counter to the transferring direction of said feed roller, a selecting means which selectively contacts either said feed roller or discharge roller to the original on the original table, a positioning member which is possible to project from the upper surface of the original table so as to contact to the front edge in the transferring direction of the original transferred by said discharge roller, and to plunge in from the upper surface of the original table so as to enable the original transferred by said discharge roller to pass thereabove, a driving means which drives said positioning member to project and plunge from the original table, and a reversing means which reverses the upper and

Abstract: A paper feeding device having a document tray attached to a specified position of an image processing apparatus, a paper cassette mounted onto a specific position in the image processing apparatus in a manner that can be pulled out, and a preliminary feed roller to carry the paper set on the document tray toward a feed roller which is normally energized in paper pressing direction. When a sheet of paper is inserted, the preliminary feed roller is moved in the opposite direction against the energizing force under a balanced condition in transversal direction by a guide member which is turned upward. When the paper cassette is mounted in the image processing apparatus, the document setting board disposed in the paper cassette is upwardly turned by a pressing mechanism. When the paper cassette is pulled out, the feed roller to feed out paper from the paper cassette is turned in reversed direction.