Abstract: A human propelled watercraft having a pair of flexible fins supported by a mast extending into the water each adapted to oscillate through an arcuate path in a generally transverse direction with respect to the central longitudinal dimension of said watercraft. Pedals are provided for applying input force whereby as input force is applied, the flexible fins can twist to form an angle of attack for providing forward thrust with respect to the longitudinal dimension of the watercraft while moving in both directions along the arcuate path. Each of the fins preferably is composed of a layer of stiff and durable material that is wrapped around the mast. The two layers of material touch at the trailing edge and they are free to slide relative to each other. Preferably, each of the fins is provided with adjustable tensioning at the tip of the mast.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock from an unprocessed carbon-containing feedstock are described. Unprocessed feedstock is introduced into and transported through at least one reaction chamber. The reaction chamber is configured for each feedstock to produce processed feedstock having a water-soluble intracellular salt reduction of at least 50 percent from that of unprocessed organic-carbon-containing feedstock and a water content of less than 40 percent.

Abstract: A co-firing process is described using cleaned coal and processed biomass to reduce adverse by-products in a coal combusting apparatus. The coal feedstock comprises an aggregate blend of cleaned coal and processed biomass. The biomass feedstock comprises processed biomass pellets. The total energy density is predetermined and can be similar to the coal component or higher than the coal component. The intracellular salt in the processed biomass is at least 60 wt % less for the processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock used to make the processed biomass pellets than that of the starting un-processed processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock. The cleaned coal has a sulfur content that is 50 wt % less than that of un-cleaned coal before it passed through the coal-cleaning sub-system.

Abstract: Systems and methods in which the flow of fluid is electrically driven, including electrospinning and electrospraying systems and methods, are generally described.

Abstract: A method, non-transitory computer readable medium, and apparatus for cooling a device are disclosed. For example, the method sets at least one accumulator increment rate, an accumulator decrement rate, at least one threshold value, and an accumulator value maximum based on empirical data associated with the device, tracks an accumulator value up to the accumulator value maximum based upon productivity of the device, wherein the accumulator value is adjusted based on an integral of the at least one accumulator increment rate and the accumulator decrement rate and operates a fan of the device based upon the accumulator value rising above the threshold value or falling below the threshold value.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to N-substituted-5-substituted phthalamic acids which of formula (A). The compounds are considered useful for the treatment of diseases treatment of a neurodegenerative disease, psychiatric disease, motorneuron disease, peripheral neuropathies, pain, neuroinflammation or atherosclerosis such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: A co-firing process is described using coal and processed biomass to reduce adverse by-products in a coal combusting apparatus. The coal feedstock is selected from coal, a coal substitute processed biomass, or an aggregate blend of coal and processed biomass. The biomass feedstock comprises processed biomass pellets. The total energy density is predetermined and can be similar to the coal component or higher than the coal component. The intracellular salt in the processed biomass is at least 60 wt % less for the processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock used to make the processed biomass pellets than that of the starting un-processed processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock.

Abstract: Electrospraying systems and associated methods are generally described.

Abstract: A headgear for a respiratory mask of a ventilator or CPAP device is provided. The headgear includes a strap portion formed of a substantially inextensible material. The strap portion has formed on one end thereof a connecting structure configured to connect to a mask of the ventilator or CPAP device. One advantage is that the mask will not or at least will be less inclined to lift off the face as mask pressure is increased.

Abstract: Methods for producing processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock from an unprocessed organic-carbon-containing feedstock are described. Unprocessed feedstock is introduced into and transported through at least one reaction chamber. The reaction chamber is configured for each feedstock to produce processed feedstock having a water-soluble salt reduction of at least 60 percent from that of unprocessed organic-carbon-containing feedstock and a water content of less than 20 percent.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an antimicrobial and/or antiviral composition suitable for administration to a surface. The antimicrobial and/or antiviral composition is suitable for administration to a surface, comprising an essential oil portion; and an effective amount of a volatile liquid carrier such that a majority of the composition readily evaporates after dispersal onto the surface. The composition is compatible with and suitable for topical use with human skin. Methods of preparing and administering the antimicrobial and/or antiviral compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A renewable processed biomass pellet composition made with a pelletizing sub-system from a processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock made with a beneficiation sub-system is described. Renewable biomass feedstock passed through a beneficiation sub-system to reduce water content to below at least 20 wt % and water-soluble intracellular salt reduction of at least 60% from that of unprocessed organic-carbon-containing feedstock on a dry basis. The processed feedstock is introduced into a pelletizing sub-system to result in renewable processed biomass pellets having an energy density of at least 17 MMBTU/ton (20 GJ/MT) a water content of less than 20 wt %, and water-soluble intracellular salt content that is decreased by at least 60 wt % on a dry basis for the processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock from that of the unprocessed organic-carbon-containing feedstock, and made with 40% less energy than expended to make current biomass pellets.

Abstract: A laparoscopy tool includes a sheath and a control wire slideably disposed within a lumen of the sheath. The sheath has a diameter of less than 1.6 mm and is introduced through an abdominal incision. A handle axially displaces the control wire within the lumen and operates a conventional tip with wire-controlled opposing jaws that is introduced through the umbilicus and has a bore formed in its trailing end. A first set of blades in the bore engage grooves formed in the leading end of the control wire and a second set of blades engages the sheath to prevent sheath retraction. A cam displaces the second set of blades away from the sheath for sheath introduction and removal, and toward the sheath to prevent sheath retraction. The tip is removed through the umbilicus and the tool is removed through the abdominal incision when the surgery is completed.

Abstract: A fuser assembly for a device capable of printing, including: at least one heater roller; at least one first heater element located within the at least one heater roller; at least one second heater element located within the at least one heater roller; an electrical line; a power input component including a first power input for the at least one first heater element, a second power input for the at least one second heater element and a third power input for the electrical line; a first electrical circuit designed to operate at a first voltage range and including the at least one heater element and the first electrical line; and a second electrical circuit designed to operate at a second voltage ranged, different from the first voltage range and including the first and second heater elements.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating a urothelial and/or a micropapillary carcinoma, such as a micropapillary urothelial carcinoma are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a watercraft mounting system that embodies a multi-faceted tube and a mating clamp system adapted to carry an accessory. The designs of the railing and clamp have geometry to prevent rotation while allowing flexibility of adjustment in multiple positions.

Abstract: A process for producing lactic acid is provided. The process comprises (a) reacting a stream rich in saccharide with sodium hydroxide in the presence of water to produce a reaction mixture comprising sodium lactate; (b) reacting at least a portion of the sodium lactate with HCl to produce lactic acid and sodium chloride; (c) converting at least a portion of the sodium chloride to chlorine and sodium hydroxide; and (d) recycling at least a portion of the sodium hydroxide produced in step (c) to step (a). Also provided are processes for the production of alkyl lactate, oligomeric lactic acid, lactide, alkyl lactyllactate, poly-lactic acid, propylene glycol and acrylic acid.

Abstract: A headgear for a respiratory mask of a ventilator or CPAP device is provided. The headgear includes a strap portion formed of a substantially inextensible material. The strap portion has formed on one end thereof a connecting structure configured to connect to a mask of the ventilator or CPAP device. One advantage is that the mask will not or at least will be less inclined to lift off the face as mask pressure is increased.

Abstract: An electronic catheter stethoscope measures and analyzes acoustic fields and dynamic pressure variations in the gaseous or liquid fluid inside a conventional medical catheter that is positioned in a patient's urologic, digestive, reproductive, cardiovascular, neurological or pulmonary system. Measurement transducers are installed in a housing connectable to multiple preselected medical catheters. The transducers detect bodily functions that are transmitted to the preselected catheter from within the body. The transducers, housing, electrical interface and signal processing electronics are positioned outside the body.