Abstract: An memory cell array includes a plurality of electrically erasable and programmable memory cell transistors which are arranged in a matrix form and each of which includes a source region, drain region, floating gate, erasing gate and control gate. The patterns of the control gates and the source regions in the memory cell array are arranged in parallel along the row direction of the memory cell array and the patterns of the erasing gates are arranged to extend in the column direction of the memory cell array. The memory cell transistors in the memory cell array are selected by a row decoder and a column decoder. An erasing circuit functions to erase memory data of each memory cell transistor by applying an erasing potential to the erasing gate of the memory cell transistor.

Abstract: A method and device for obtaining, by rapid and accurate calculation, a black-printer amount and a under-color amount to be removed in order to reproduce colors which are required on the prints.

Abstract: A nonvolatile semiconductor memory includes a cell array in which electrically erasable programmable nonvolatile semiconductor memory cells, each using a cell transistor having source and drain regions in a semiconductor substrate, and a gate electrode with a three-layered structure on the semiconductor substrate are arranged in a matrix form. In the gate electrode having the three-layered structure, a first-layer floating gate electrode opposes a semiconductor substrate surface through a first gate insulating film, and a second- or third-layer gate electrode serves as one of erase and control gate electrodes. The erase gate electrode opposes a part of the floating gate electrode through a tunnel insulating film, and the control gate electrode opposes the floating gate electrode through a second gate insulating film. The erase and control gate electrodes are arranged to be parallel to each other, and to be perpendicular to the source and drain regions.

Abstract: An image reading method for the case where an original image is read by main scannings and auxiliary scannings of lines and the read image is exposed and outputted as an output image onto a photosensitive material. When the photosensitive material may be a variety of sizes and the output image is of a given size, in order to have the output image fit onto the photosensitive material, a determination is made of the appropriate scanning direction of the original image according to size of the output image and the size of the photosensitive material, and reading said original image after it rotates, if necessary.

Abstract: According to this invention, since black regions are provided along the advancing direction on an original plate, the dark-time output levels of the linear sensor would not be affected by dust adhered on the original plate or the presence of trimming lines. Since a calibration region is provided, the circuit system can be calibrated with the maximum and minimum values of the signals from the linear sensor to thereby achieve more precise reading of images.

Abstract: An image signal processing method for a picture output device converts three color separation signals of an original into digital signals, color corrects the digital signals and records a color image using the color corrected signals. According to one embodiment, the multiplied result of three color separation signals and corresponding predetermined coefficients are stored in a memory as a data table. The multiplied results are sequentially read out from the memory and added together. Color corrected signals are outputted in accordance with the added result for recording of the color images. Acording to another embodiment, the color distribution of the three color separation signals is discriminated to obtain a specific color distribution signal. The specific color distribution signal is then inputted as an address signal into a color conversion table via an address editing circuit. According to yet another embodiment, the number of output colors of the color image is set in advance.

Abstract: The magnification ratio of image information carried on an original is changed for reproduction at a desired magnification ratio. The size of the image information is reduced or enlarged to a prescribed size by an optical system. Thereafter, the image information is photoelectrically converted by a light sensor. The photoelectrically converted image information is selectively picked up or data between adjacent items of the photoelectrically converted image information is determined by interpolation, thereby obtaining image information at a desired size.

Abstract: A method and process for processing picture image signals detects color separation signals of a color original image and then respectively converts these color separation signals into digital color separation signals. These digital color separation signals are then multiplied by predetermined coefficients and the results of these multiplications are sequentially accumulated for equalizing the levels of the digital color separation signals at a grey point of the original image so as to thereby obtain digital color separation signals which are converted to equivalent neutral densities. Hue signals of yellow, green, cyan, blue, magenta, and red which divide a color space into six hues are obtained from the digital color separation signals which are converted to the equivalent neutral densities. The hue signals are multiplied by predetermined color correction coefficients and the results thereof accumulated for color correction signals on yellow, magenta, and cyan.

Abstract: A color image recording apparatus employing a liquid crystal shutter array in which a color picture can be recorded with high quality using a small-sized apparatus and without requiring complex operations. A liquid crystal shutter array of the apparatus includes pixel electrodes and a shutter common electrode disposed in opposition to the pixel electrodes with a gap therebetween filled with a liquid crystal, a pair of transparent substrates supporting the pixel electrodes and the shutter common electrode by sandwiching the pixel electrodes and the shutter common electrode therebetween, and polarization plates stacked on the respective outsides of the transparent plates. A color liquid crystal layer is stacked on the liquid crystal shutter array constituted by first and second common electrodes disposed in opposition to each other with the gap therebetween filled with an ECB mode liquid crystal, and a pair of transparent substrates supporting the common electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal shutter array requiring no separate focusing lens system. Microlenses for focusing the light incident upon a matrix of pixel electrodes are formed in a transparent substrate of the shutter assembly. A refractive index of light of each of the microlenses is set in a manner such that the incident angle .theta. of the light incident on the liquid crystal of the shutter through the microlenses satisfies; ##EQU1## where P, a, and d respectively represent the size of each of the photomasks, the length of a portion wherein each of the photomasks and corresponding ones of the pixel electrodes overlap, and the thickness of the transparent substrate on the light output side.

Abstract: For recording an image on a photosensitive material with the employment of a liquid crystal device, the device used therein is conventionally constructed so as to modulate an amount of light rays transmitted therethrough or reflected thereby commonly by the control of an amount of electric voltage impressed to the liquid crystal device and/or impression timing or frequencies thereof. In this instance, although the light rays irradiated are considered normally as parallel, they are not intact strictly parallel light rays, and consequently unless the light rays transmitted from the device are converged by Selfoc lens arrays and the like, sufficient resolution can hardly be obtained on the photosensitive material on account of the light rays still having comparatively large diffusion coefficients.

Abstract: Adjustment of color density of a color picture to be recorded on a photosensitive material is performed in a color picture output device in such a manner that a test pattern print is outputted from the device and the density of the test pattern print is then compared with a standard pattern plate preliminarily prepared. After the actual output picture color density is measured by the standard pattern plate, the gain and offset for obtaining the standard density can be automatically calculated so as to thereby perform in smooth and high speed color picture outputting operation.

Abstract: In a method for scanning a color fiber optic tube of an electron gun type in which a screen is formed by a plurality of band-shaped phosphors providing different illuminant colors, usually red, green and blue, respectively, an electron beam from the electron gun is deflected vertically in a lateral direction of the phosphors and horizontally in a longitudinal direction thereof. The vertical deflection of the electron beam is time controlled in response to the sensitivity of a photo-sensitive material disposed to the fiber optic tube. In another aspect, the horizontal deflection is performed by a stepped method in which the horizontal deflection is stopped during a time interval when one raster of the vertical deflection of the electron beam crosses the phosphors and progresses stepwisely when the vertical deflection is subsequently transferred to the next raster.

Abstract: Unevenness of luminance of a plurality of phosphors on a screen provided in the front end of an electron gun type fiber optic cathode-ray tube is corrected by first measuring luminance distributions at positions of picture elements of a picture to be scanned on the respective phosphors and calculating correction amounts needed to even up the measured luminance distributions. The calculated results are then stored in a table. The correction amount corresponding to a recording position is then added to the luminance signal when the picture is recorded and the sum is multiplied by a correction ratio which varies according to the level of the sum of the correction amount and the luminance signal.

Abstract: A thermal developing apparatus develops thermally a photosensitive material having an electrically conductive, heat-generating layer. The apparatus is provided with a heat-insulating cover which is disposed in contact with or close to the surface of the photosensitive material when supplied with electric current, whereby the generation of convection of air at the upper side of the photosenstive material is prevented, and the occurrence of uneven development is eliminated. When the heat-insulating cover is disposed at a distance away from the surface of the photosensitive material, if this distance is less than a predetermined value, no convection of air takes place and, hence, there is no risk of uneven development occurring.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device, wherein a logic level-converting circuit is provided on a chip on which a mask read only memory (M-ROM) is formed; where more than half the number of information bits being stored in the ROM have a logic level of "1", active elements are formed in those cells of the ROM which correspond to information bits having a logic level of "0"; and a connection changeover circuit block is provided by the same process as used in forming the active element in order to connect the logic level-converting circuit to the output terminal of the ROM.