Abstract: A pre-winding type photographic camera is provided with a mode changing mechanism for changing its operational mode between a pre-winding mode in which film is drawn out from a film magazine loaded in the camera and is taken up around the spool of the camera prior to photographing, and photographing mode in which the film is rewound into the film magazine by one frame each time the film is exposed.

Abstract: A joint structure of a metallic tubular member and metallic annular parts, the annular parts being joined to the outer periphery of the tubular member as in a camshaft. Each of the annular parts has around its inner periphery at least one serrated portion which cuts into the outer periphery of the tubular member when they are joined, the annular part also having a planar portion facing another portion of the tubular member in such a manner that substantially no pressure is exerted on the planar portion of the annular part.A method of making such structure involves positioning of the tubular member is required in relation to the annular parts, as by use of a split die, and then forcing into the tubular member a pressing member to expand the tubular member so that the serrated portions cut into the outer periphery of the tubular member.

Abstract: In a corrosion-resistant, double-wall pipe structure formed by tightly fitting a stainless-steel inner pipe in an outer pipe, the inner pipe at any portion thereof which is liable to be adversely affected by heat due to heat processing is replaced by an inner tube of a special metal having corrosion resistance which is not easily impaired by the heat, the inner tube being joined integrally to the remainder portion of the inner pipe of the stainless steel. Examples of the special metal are Inconel 625, Incoloy 825, and Hastelloy.

Abstract: A system for feeding a flat article has a suction chamber; a suction belt for picking up one of a plurality of flat articles which are stacked in a vertically standing state. The suction belt moves along the front surface of the suction chamber. The flat articles are carried over a transport path by the suction belt. At an upstream position in the transport path, the intervals between the flat articles are detected. First and second motors drive the suction belt, varying the rotational motor speeds. A roller along the transport path contacts the transferred flat articles in accordance with the interval which is detected by the detecting member.

Abstract: In a clothes dryer, the electrical resistance of wet articles and the temperature of exhaust air are monitored. At the instant the monitored electrical resistance reaches a predetermined value, the time-varying rate of change of the monitored temperature is detected, to estimate the period of time for which the dryer operation is to be continued. At the end of the estimated time period, the heat cycle of the dryer is shut down.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant pipe coupling made of carbon steel has on its inner surface an intermediate annular projection directed radially inward. At least an innermost part of the annular projection is formed or corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel. The annular projection is covered by a corrosion-resistant annular member or which is secured by friction welding, electron beam welding, an adhesive or mechanical engagement. The annular member prevents corrosion of the coupling by corrosive fluids flowing in pipes.

Abstract: A gas sensor is described which includes a layer of a sensitive material formed on an electric insulating substrate and spaced electrodes electrically connected to the layer. The layer is formed of a porous film of a uniform mixture which contains a p-type compound oxide semiconductor with a perovskite type of crystal structure as the major ingredient and one or more of vanadium, niobium, tantalum and/or compounds thereof as minor ingredients. The minor ingredients are contained in the layer in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the p-type compound oxide semiconductor, and are incorporated into the layer by diffusing them into the layer. The gas sensor exhibits a small change with time and a reduced tailing effect attendant on variations in the gas combustion. With this, it is possible to effect measurements, detection and control with a high reliability.

Abstract: A system for controlling and synchronizing the operation of a conveyor system and an article supply system. An encoder monitors the operation of a standard reference or dispensing device along with a rate detecting device. This information is fed into a computer employing a microprocessor. The microprocessor provides an output to a drive system for a conveyor or the like to be synchronized with a supplying or dispensing system.

Abstract: Tensile residual stress in an annular welded joint part joining the ends of unit pipes is mechanically removed by applying repeated hammering strokes against the inner surface of the pipes over the entire joint part, thereby to cause such part to undergo local plastic deformation. The repeated hammering strokes, which have a peening effect, are applied by several automatically operating hammering devices mounted radially on a rotary head secured to and unitarily moving with a shaft which is driveable in rotation about its axis and in translation in its axial direction.

Abstract: 3-l-Menthoxypropane-1,2-diol having the formula: ##STR1##

Abstract: A double-wall composite pipe is produced by inserting an inner pipe in an outer pipe, filling the inner pipe with cold water under pressure to cause the inner pipe to expand plastically into tight contact with the outer pipe, applying heat to the outer part of the outer pipe by high-frequency induction heating, thereby to establish a locally heated zone thereof around the circumference thereof and causing the heated zone to travel from one end to the other end of the outer pipe thereby to cause it to successively expand locally in diameter in the travelling heated zone. The pressure in the inner pipe then is removed, the pipes thereafter being permitted to attain the ambient temperature, thereby to obtain an interference fit therebetween.

Abstract: (+)- or (-)-7-hydroxymethyl-2,6,6-trimethyltricyclo[6,2,1,0.sup.

Abstract: The novel compound of 5-methyl-2-(2'-oxo-3'-butyl)phenol represented by the formula ##STR1## This compound emits a characteristic sweet fragrance and a perfume composition comprising this compound is also provided.

Abstract: An automatic rewinding camera wherein an automatic advance of the photographic film by one frame is caused by shutter release operation and rewinding of the photographic film is automatically started when the film is prevented from further advance. The camera has a film-driven sprocket wheel, by the rotation of which film movement signals are produced. A timer circuit maintains, during the passage of a predetermined active time which is shorter than the time required to advance the photographic film by one frame, the camera motor in forward rotation so as to advance the photographic film. The timer circuit is reset by the film movement signals. But when those film signals stop, that is, when the film is fully extended from the cartridge, then the timer is not reset; and the measurement of the full predetermined active time, by the timer, without resetting, results in the motor being reversed to rewind the film.

Abstract: The inner surface of a hollow article of special shape such as a pipe elbow or bellows is lined with a tightly fitted protective lining material by the steps of emplacing the lining material within the hollow article to confront the inner surface thereof, causing the temperature of the hollow article to be higher than that of the lining material, applying an expanding force to the lining material thereby to cause it to undergo plastic expansion together with the hollow article, removing the expanding force, and causing the temperature of the hollow structure to become lower than that of the lining material thereby to produce a tight fit therebetween due to interference.

Abstract: An inner stainless-steel tube having an outer frustoconical faying surface is fitted into an outer carbon-steel tube having a matching inner frustoconical faying surface, and these tubes are friction welded over their entire faying surfaces by pressing the tubes together in their axial direction to obtain a high contact pressure due to a wedge action and, at the same time, imparting rotation thereto relative to each other thereby to obtain an integrally bonded, laminated, tubular blank, which is then extended by a suitable process such as rolling into a clad steel tube. The tubular blank can also be slit in its axial direction and flattened into a laminated flat blank, which can be rolled into a clad steel plate. The inner tube may be replaced by a solid core metal. In this case, an integrally bonded blank made up of the inner core metal and the outer tube is extended into a clad steel tube or into a clad steel shape.

Abstract: An outer pipe is diametrically expanded by heating and an inner pipe is diametrically contracted by cooling with a coolant introduced into the inner pipe to produce between the pipes a clearance just sufficient for insertion of the inner pipe into the outer pipe, and then the coolant is pressurized to expand the inner pipe against and together with the outer pipe, the pressure being removed after the pipes have expanded to a specific diameter of the joint therebetween. The tightness of the fit between the pipes due to the expansion is further increased by the subsequent thermal shrinkage of the outer pipe and thermal expansion of the inner pipe.

Abstract: A steel blank is placed in intimate contact along a joint interface with a blank of another metal, and the two blanks are welded along and throughout the interface by a superhigh-output electron beam thereby to obtain a metallurgical welded joint and to form an integral blank which is rolled or otherwise formed into a clad steel article.

Abstract: A flux composition for ceramic color, containing no harmful heavy metal such as lead, cadmium, chromium, etc. is provided.The flux composition consists mainly of 30 to 45% of SiO.sub.2, 0 to 5% of TiO.sub.2, 4 to 10% of ZrO.sub.2, 13 to 18% of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 18 to 23% of ZnO, 0 to 3% of CaO, 12 to 15% of the total of two or three kinds of R.sub.2 O selected from Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O and Li.sub.2 O, 4 to 10% of fluorine and 0 to 5% of tin oxide (% being all by weight).The composition uses no lead which has been indispensable for lower melting glasses, and exhibits superior performances difficult to afford according to conventional lower melting lead-free fluxes.

Abstract: 4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-cyclohexen-2-one-1 having the formula (I): ##STR1##